Haurongo poto o General Chernyakhovsky Ivan Danilovich

ingoa Chernyakhovsky tuhituhi i roto i te reta koura i roto i te aamu o te Pakanga nui Patriotic. Tenei whānui hihiri me te pūmanawa ko tetahi o te kuao rangatira kanapa o aua tau. I roto i te whawhai, i kua e ia i runga i te momo o akina: e whawhai ana i roto i te Baltic States, mau Novgorod, Voronezh beat, i roto i nga hoia i roto i te pakanga o Kursk, fakatau'atāina'i Ukraine me Peraruhia.

tamarikitanga

whanau Future General Ivan Chernyakhovsky i roto i te pa o Uman, Kei nei tata Kiev i 1906. Tona papa (Danil Nikolaevich) ko he switchman i runga i te pereoo auahi. A, no te whawhati whawhai i roto i ki Germany, i karangatia e ia ki te mua, te wahi riro ia i te pōro. A, no te hoki ia, te upoko o te whānau haere ki Podolia, i reira ko ia te kōtimana i te kairetiwhare. whaea o te tamaiti ko te housewife. mate ngā mātua i roto i te 1919 e tika ana ki mua. Na e ono tamarii otare mahue reira.

Ivan kai poto tuatahi kau i kaimahi rohe, a i roto i 1920 timata besprizornichat i roto i te whenua te whawhai-haea. Kia i mahi i runga i te pereoo, te whakahaere ia ki te tiki i te wheako o te locksmith, i muri i nei meinga e ia te kaiwhakahaere o taonga i runga i ngā ara a tawhio noa Odessa.

Ko te ope Soviet

I roto i te 1924, he tangata taitamariki i runga i nga whakahau o te Young Communist League kua tonoa ki te kura hōia rohe. Ko te kupu ka timata te haurongo o General Chernyakhovsky i te ope Soviet. I muri ako ia i te hōia pū i roto i Kiev. oti tenei kura i roto i 1928. Na ka ka whakaritea e ia rangatira o te ope iti o te 17 Corps Artillery Regiment i te pa o Vinnitsa.

I runga i te mahana o te Pakanga II o te Ao haurongo o General Chernyakhovsky tangohia e tetahi atu tahuri. I whakaritea e ia ki te 28 Armoured Division (rangatira). i whakaturia ia i roto i te Baltic.

Ko te pakarutanga o te pakanga

I roto i nga ra whakamutunga o te ao i te whakarite me te Soviet Union me te Tuatoru Reich mo te whawhai. Heoi, whakaaro Stalin e e patu i nga Tiamana i muri anake i te tau. Na reira, kihai i nga faaineineraa katoa e hāngai ana i faaohiparaa siyusekundnuyu (ahakoa te mōhiohio maramarama).

riro whakahau ki te waiho o ratou whaitua me te hūnuku ki te wahi e tata ana te pa Lithuanian o Siauliai Pipiri 18 Chernyakhovsky Division. Takahi, i te hōia ki te mahi i mahi i āta whakamaheretia. Heoi, 22 o nga Tiamana whiti te rohe Soviet. A pera tonu te meatanga e Chernyakhovsky i te timatanga i roto i te matotoru o ngā, rite whakaekea Lithuania i na tetahi o te tuatahi.

I te rua o te po te wehenga o te whawhai, i arahina e te rangatira, hinga 50 kiromita, ka ko tata ki te pa Varniai. tīmata ahau he raruraru ki te supply wahie, i te mea he aha kua kinakitia te kaupapa. raruraru whakahaere fehangahangai e te 28 Panzer Division, i whaikörero. kihai i rite hoki te ohorere-noho Tiamana blitzkrieg te Army Whero. I tua atu, i te rangi ki runga ki Lithuania i te tīmatanga te mana e te rererangi Tiamana, e tono patu nui ki te wahi whenua.

Chernyakhovsky whawhai tuatahi ko te whakamātau ki te peia te hoariri o tona wehenga i te pa Kaltinenaya. Heoi, ko te painga i tau o te hoariri arahina ki te hinga tūturu o te hoia Soviet. I maoro taui Ivan Danilovich i te rere whānui o te Army Whero.

He wā tino nui ko te Dvina Western me te pa Elipaya, i timata te whawhai toto ki nga hoia o te Reich. Hoki, i whakahaua te wehenga ki te kawe i roto i te uhi whiti ngoikore wae i Riga. Hōngongoi 1 putanga i hoariri o te Dvina Western, a ka wahi o te tonu whati ki te rawhiti.

korero Novgorod

August 13, i whakahaua 1941 Chernyakhovsky ki te tango ake tūranga ārai i roto i nga wahi o waho ake rawhiti o Novgorod. I roto i te whakahaere i puta te korero whakahau kaha āpiha. hohoro a pai ia ako ki te whakawhiti wāhanga i te pūwāhi A ki te pūwāhi B, i te mea hoariri mahi tino uaua. I roto i ngā, i whakaako ia kihai i tangohia e tona wehenga tetahi anō, me te paura anake, wera mara, me te pera i runga i. D. te rawa tenei tohe Chernyakhovsky, he haurongo poto e ngā meka e pā ana ki te nohopuku rite te tamaiti i roto i te Pakanga Civil.

kawea atu mahi arearenga hoia, ka i puhia ratou i mota. I tonoa e te wahi tino ahei ki te pa ki te Kremlin, i ko te wāhi rautaki nui. tonu Whakatangihia o te ope a Hitler ki te whakapiki ake i i te utu o nga rahui maha. Na roto i tenei wa, i nohoia Reich tata katoa o Uropi, a maka te ona ope katoa whawhai-rite rawhiti.

I muri i te torutoru nga ra o te wehenga Chernyakhovsky te tuatoru o nga kaimahi e toe. I roto i tenei wa, pau nga Tiamana ma toru whakaeke. 16 a 17 o ratou tamata ki he paroro te te Novgorod Kremlin, ka whiti i te awa Volkhov. ringihia ratou ahi machinegun me counterattacks maia. Ko te āhuatanga tino akina atu te whakahau ki te tomo i te whawhai tonu te rahui iti. mama te patu i nga Tiamana i muri i wahi o te mua raki-hauauru tamata ki te pupuri i te nui counter-whawhai i roto i te rohe o Staraya Russa. Tenei i akina nga kau Nasí ki faaite te mana. hoatu etahi taanga manawa te tupono noa ki te Division 28 ki te haere atu ki te rawhiti o te awa Volkhov. I oho te tari matua ki te kainga ta'e Kunin. I tenei wa, kitea Chernyakhovsky i kakā. Nā ki te tātaritanga nui i tonoa e ia ki te hōhipera i roto i te mua.

Voronezh

I roto i te Mei i whakatairangatia ana 1942 Chernyahovskiy Ivan Danilovich (haurongo poto e ko te tumu parau o tenei arotake) ki Kānara-Tianara. hiahia ia ki te hoki atu ki te wae tank, no te mea he reira tenei ahua i oti rawa o ngā hōia kotahi tekau tau o tona mahi. I roto i te mutunga, i whakaritea e ia rangatira o te 18 Tank Corps, te wahi tae ia i roto i Hōngongoi 1942. Tenei wahi i runga i te Bryansk Front - e kore i roto i te rohe i reira i whawhai te whānui i mua.

I tenei wa, ko te aronga tonga he nui i roto i te aroraa i waenganui i Germany me te USSR. Ki te ko Leningrad raro whakapaea, a ka mau nga whawhai o Moscow te tūranga i roto i te āhua, ko te reira i roto i te steppes e whakatau inaianei te putanga o te whawhai. I roto i te Hōngongoi, riro nga Tiamana Rostov-i runga i-Don. "Operation Edelweiss" i whakaarohia ki te noho i te Caucasus, i te tari matua o te Reich. Tenei hiwi Hitler hiahiatia i roto i te tikanga ki te hatepea atu te Soviet Union i te nui i te wāhi ōhanga o tirohanga, te hinu i Baku me Grozny.

E ai ki te mahere, te rōpū ope "A" i ki te whai i te whati mo Don me te hopu enei pa nui. I te wa ano kei te ahu te hanganga o "B" ki Stalingrad ki te whakarite i te haumaru, me te tautoko muri. Ko roto i tenei aronga ko Chernyahovskiy Ivan Danilovich. Haurongo o General kore tonu i roto i taua ngā mahi.

Hōngongoi 3 Army i raro i te whakahau o Paulus me Weichs karapotia Stary Oskol ka tae te Don. He ko he Voronezh hopu ati. I tenei wāhi, ka karanga Stalin General Golikova, e mea e tukua ana e ia ngā roto i te puka o te 18 Tank Corps Chernyakhovsky. Ko te hōneatanga o te harangotengote taupori Voronezh. I te wa ano, ka timata nga tāke o te 18 Corps ki kia whakaurua ki roto ki te whakawehi. marara ratou oho rōpū i roto i te pa, e ngana ana e kore ki te tuku i te hoariri ki te haere Don. He wheako hōia taonga, General Chernyakhovsky korerotia ia e kore e ki te rave i te reira, engari e kore e Golikov whakarongo ki a ia, ka whakahau rite te āpiha matua.

Ivan Danilovich ia arahina tetahi o nga kapa a tawhio noa te pāmu "pahų" i roto i te tikanga ki te faauru ratou kaiwhakahaere, e aru maia te whawhai mo te rangatira (o te whakaeke i tae e 14 kauhoe). I roto i tenei whawhai, patua he anga tona motokā, i te mea he aha ka ia he pōro. kia ia haere ano ki te hōhipera, engari kihai ia ki te rave i te reira.

Hōngongoi 7, i hanga pū ki te tiaki i te Voronezh Voronezh Front Army hou o 4 me 4 o te corps tank. Heoi, kua i kahore angitu te counter. nohoia nga Tiamana Voronezh, ka mau te Donbass me inaianei whakatuma nga wahapū o te Täingäwai.

I te matenga o te Ope 60

whakaritea Hōngongoi 25 Chernyakhovsky Ivan Danilovich, i waho hupehupe i te mua nei haurongo, i rangatira o te Army 60, e te hoki whawhai tata Voronezh. I whakaritea e ia ki te whakakapi Antoniuk, e kore i taea e te tangata e akakoromaki i to ratou mahi.

Gen. Chernyakhovsky, nei haurongo i mohiotia ki nga hoia i te mua, ka mau ake tonu ona mau ohipa. puritia e ia te korero i Voronezh, ia wā popoki iho io ratou i pai ai ki runga ki te hoariri. I roto i te mutunga o August, i taea ki te wahi atu ki te Täingäwai nga Tiamana i roto i te tahi atu i te aronga. Na i whakawhitia te whawhai matua ki Stalingrad, kua tae mai i te marino whanaunga e tata ana Voronezh.

I roto i te hotoke, ka timata te āhuatanga i runga i te Täingäwai ki te tango i te āhua i roto i manakohia o te hōia Soviet, timata reiti ki te whakarite i te nui counter-whakaeke, i nga ki te tango i te wahi e rave rahi taua, tae atu i te 60. Ko ratou wahi o nga akina Voronezh me Bryansk. Ko te whakaeke tuatahi i timata January 24, 1943.

Arahina te tīmatanga o te taha ki te rawhiti o Voronezh ko Ivan Chernyakhovsky. Te Oraraa e te angitu hōia ka ana tūtohutanga pai mo tono me Stalin. 25 o te Ope 60 tomo te Voronezh me tino kia whakakahoretia o reira i whakaeke. I waenganui i tenei pa, me te Kastornov i karapotia e te ope nui hoariri, tae atu e rua whare Hungarian. I raro i enei huru, riro matou he tikanga ki te whakawhanake i te ino ki te kaha mōrahi noa e kore e ähuareka te raina mua. Na reira, nga wae Soviet, tae atu i te Army Chernyakhovsky, oho atu ki Stary Oskol, Kursk ko Kharkov. I te wa ano, ko te Ope Taua 38th ki te haamou i karapotia e te hoia o te Reich me ona hoa. Communication o enei wae i hatepea atu, he rākau ratou. Na, ko te 60 Army i tanguru 8, tomo te Kursk. i ahau i reira me Chernyahovskiy Ivan Danilovich, e taonga e tētahi atu mahi angitu nei haurongo. I roto i te Maehe, ka haere mai ana hoia ki te awa Diet.

Te faaineineraa mo te pakanga o Kursk

Ko te angitu o te Army Whero whakaaetia ki te haamata i te faaineine no te te pakanga o Kursk. Maehe 26 Ivan Danilovich me ratou wae i hurihia ki te Central mua. Tona rangatira Rokossovsky i maere e te mohio ki te kuao whānui. Pou a muri korero e pā ana ki reira pai anake.

A, no te te korero o te salient Kursk, i 60 Army i runga i te tihi hiwi. Ki te matau o reira he wahi o pahata Rūtene-Tianara, me te maui - i raro i te te tirotiro o hoia Chibisova. I ko nga hoia i roto i te wahi Chernyakhovsky (ngā he momo o te haere nei haurongo) haere nga kainga rohe katoa, i nga tata te mua. kihai i reira he wāhi kotahi, kihai nei i mohiotia e ia. Kua tonu kua ona āhuatanga tino te tātari hohonu o te mea kei te tupu me te whakarongo ki te taipitopito.

whakangungu Aviation timata ino Tiamana i runga i te 6 Hōngongoi. arahina Commander von Kluge te whakaeke Laisi wehenga, engari i tino iti ana angitu. rahua te reira ki te neke 10 anake kiromita, kihai i nei ara he wahi iti o te ropu mua rite (e pā ana ki 100 kiromita).

Katoa ata me te ahiahi i reira i rere wehe o te Whakahaua Runga, i reira korerotia rangatira ope i runga i te āhua o ngā take i runga i te pae. I roto ia ratou a General Chernyakhovsky. ki tonu o ngā hui me kōrero Haurongo hōia ko, ka te whakarau o rau o nga mano o hoia.

aroraa i

I aru tenei e te whawhai tank i Prokhorovka, i patua te wahi pai o te ope Tiamana. Ko te reira i te tiango me te parariraa o te Nasí "Citadel" mahere. Kua 23 i te maha o ngā hōia Soviet aroraa i hoki katoa i riro e te Tiamana i roto i to ratou ino toto. August 5 he marama te pa o Orel me Belgorod i hoki i muri i te tīmatanga o te pakanga o Kursk.

I te wa ano i noho te Army 60 i roto i te muri, e tatari ana hoki ki to ratou tahuri te haere i mua i roto i te Mauī-Bank Ukraine. Ko te hoia, a poto e rave rahi marama i roto i te awarua, i vēkeveke mo te whawhai. I kitea tenei ongo me Chernyahovskiy Ivan Danilovich. haurongo poto o General mooni dazzles rite ra faingata'a whanga i roto i te awarua.

Na, i roto i Moscow hoki te wa tuatahi i roto i te pakanga tū mumura ki te whakanui i te hokinga mai o nga pa Russian. I te pae hopea, i roto i te waenganui-August i meinga ai Chernyakhovsky me Rokossovsky ka tohutohu hou i runga i te ino.

August 30 i te ino whakawhanake i tangohia Glukhov. Mua ko te rohe ki a Ukraine. Neke atu i te te ra i muri whakahaere Chernyakhovsky ki te kōkiri 60 kiromita. ko nga Tiamana i roto i te hohoro ki te waiho o ratou tūranga. E kore te whānui i mohio rangimarie o te kau. Ia haere tonu i tetahi wehenga ki tetahi, tohe i te tari matua o te mahere, te tiki tohutohu i runga i te waea me te waea ngā rārangi, e i nga wa kua whakapumautia i roto i ngā wāhi mamao.

I roto i te Mahuru, ka hoki mai ai ki te tahi atu pa: Konotop, Bamach ko Nizhyn. I roto i te Whiringa 1 i whakapumautia Ukrainian mua. Chernyakhovsky, kua riro he tauira pai mo te tahi atu rangatira nei haurongo, ka mau wahi i roto i ngā mahi maha. Ko reira ki whiti te Dnieper, Kiev, a tukua rau o ngā whakataunga o matau-pēke Ukraine.

Tumuaki 3 Byelorussian Front

Oketopa 17, i tohua 1943 Haurongo o General Chernyakhovsky i te takahanga nui. I whakawhiwhia te rangatira te Hero taitara o te Soviet Union mo ratou itoito, no te whitinga atu ratou i te Dnieper. Katahi te rangatira i te tau o 37 tau, i whakaritea rangatira o te mua Belorussian 3. riro ia te tangata whakaotinga i roto i te Army Whero, e hua ana ki te taua kawenga. Kua tēnei angitu faaau ore kua tutuki i roto i te mahi pakeke, te itoito, me te ara. Haurongo o General Chernyakhovsky, i roto i te parau tumu, whai wāhi nui ki tenei whakaaro.

I roto i te rohe hou uru Ivan Danilovich i te whakaoranga o nga pa nui pērā i Vitebsk, Minsk ko Vilnius. hoki Chernyakhovsky ki te wahi kotahi i reira tutaki ia te nui Patriotic War. I muri kua te rohe Soviet Baltic kua whakawāteatia o te whakaeke, oho te mua ki te rohe o Germany.

mate

February 18, ka haere mai 1945 Chernyakhovsky i raro i te ahi i roto i tona waka. A i runga i nga waho o te pa Melzak (kei roto i Te Tai Rāwhiti Prussia). Ki a ia i roto i te motokā i ano 4 iwi reira, engari i ahatia tetahi o ratou i. Kahore he kino nui i runga i te motokā.

He he taunakitanga i hoatu e te haurongo o Chernyahovskogo I. D. ia ha faingamālie ki te neke i te mahi noa atu. Hei tauira, i General Headquarters i faaineine i te tikanga i runga i maui ia te taitara o Marshal o te Soviet Union, engari kihai i tukua i te mate ka werowero te whakahau ki te whakaputa i te pepa. i tanumia tinana General i Vilnius. He nui i muri (i roto i te 1992) i whakawhiti ai ki tona whenua Māori, i roto i Moscow.

Ko te maharatanga o Chernyakhovsk

I muri noa iho i te mutunga o te whawhai i muri i whakaingoatia General te pa Tiamana o Insterburg, ka karanga Chernyakhovsk. I whakawhitia e ia ki te Soviet Union, pera i ia i roto i Te Tai Rāwhiti Prussia (inaianei Kaliningrad rohe).

i tino subordinated General Chernyakhovsky ora whaiaro ki te ope, me te whawhai. Ki te tamarikitanga he i roto i te ope patu, ia, ahakoa, pai marenatia. a e rua tamariki te whānau - he tama, me te tamahine. paanga maha ora Whaiaro Chernyakhovsky. ka mau atu tona mahi meteoric, mutu ha kongokonga mate, he maha filí whakamārama te hononga i GHQ. Ko te mea tino kore te take. i Young hoia i runga i te tihi o te poipoi me tetahi, no te mea i runga i te mahana o te whawhai, ngaro te Army Whero tokomaha o ratou rangatira, me kau ◊õfisa i roto i whakapaia a Stalin. i nohoia ngā tūranga wātea rite ki te hua o te uaua, me te pūmanawa, ahakoa taitamariki, hou-whakatupuranga hōia.

Haurongo Chernyakhovsky, nei whakaahua e maha mau i roto i te whawhai i roto i te mau api o niupepa Soviet, ko te rauemi pai mō te maha pukapuka tāmau whenua. Ko te maharatanga o Tianara i pupuri i te USSR ki tiaki motuhake, me te mea katoa e pā ana e te ki taua wa e wehingia ana.