He aha te mea te āhua o waikura

Kia kōrero a pā ana ki te pehea, ki te whakatau i te āhua o te waikura. Hei timata ki, e taea te wehewehea matū katoa ki e rua ngā rōpū: ohie, me te matatini. matū Simple whakarōpūtia ki konganuku me nonmetals. E wehea pūhui matatini ki wha akomanga: te turanga, waikura, tai, waikawa.

whakamāramatanga

Mai Ko te āhua o te waikura ti'aturi i runga i to ratou hanganga, ki te timata i te whakamāramatanga homai tenei piha o matū pararopi. Waikura he matū matatini e ngā o ngā huānga e rua. Ko te taa o te meka e te kei tonu hāora i roto i te kerēme tuarua (whakamutunga) huānga.

whakaaro te tetahi tino noa te te pāhekoheko o te hāora ki te matū ohie (konganuku, nonmetals). Hei tauira, i hanga e te tauhohe o te konupora me te hāora, te konupora ōkai, whakaahua āhuatanga taketake.

nomenclature

waikura Pūāhua tei runga i to ratou hanganga. He etahi ture e karanga enei matū.

Ki te hanga e te waikura konganuku e te valency subgroups matua kore te tohu. Hei tauira, te konupūmā waikura cao. Ki te i roto i te pūhui o te whakarewa tuatahi ko te Huingaiti taua, e kua he honohono, tāupe, me tohu ai e te tātai Roma. Kei te whakanohoia i muri i te ingoa pūhui i roto i ngā reu. Hei tauira, i reira he waikura rino (2) me te (3). Making waikura tātai, kia mahara ai e te nui o te piti hāora me te mea kore.

whakarōpū

Fakakaukau ki he founga te waikura huru tei runga i te tohu o te piti hāora. Konganuku he he tau pitihāoratanga o +1 me +2, i whai ahua ai waikura taketake ki te hāora. He āhuatanga motuhake o enei pūhui ko te āhua taketake o te waikura. Ēnei pūhui matū ariu ki te tote-hanga waikura, nonmetals, hanga he tote ki a ratou. Ano, huru nga waikura taketake ki te waikawa. Ko te hua tauhohenga tei runga i tangohia i te rauemi tīmata i roto i te aha te nui.

Non-konganuku me te konganuku ki hāora +4 ki +7, i whai ahua ai waikura ki te waikawa hāora. waikura Pūāhua tā tauhohenga ki te turanga (alkali). Ko te hua o te pāhekoheko, tei runga i te nui i riro i te alkali taketake. I tona kore tote waikawa i hanga rite te hua tauhohe. Hei tauira, i roto i te tauhohe o te haukino (4) ki te konutai waihā hydrogencarbonate konutai i hanga (te tote waikawa).

I roto i te take o te pāhekoheko o te waikawa ki te taikaha o te hua waikura tauhohenga o te tote alkali ka tikanga (konutai pākawa waro). Pūāhua waikura waikawa tei runga i te tohu o te piti hāora.

E wehea ratou ki te waikura tote-hanga (i roto i te mea rite ki te tau rōpū te tohu o hāora o te huānga) rite te pai kia rite ki te waikura tau'a ore e kore e ahei o hanga Mariao.

waikura amphoteric

He hoki āhuatanga o te huru amphoteric o waikura. takoto Ko tōna ngako i roto i te pāhekoheko o enei pūhui ki waikawa me kawakore. He aha te waikura whakaatu rua (amphoteric) āhuatanga? Ko ētahi o ēnei pūhui binary whakarewa ki te tau pitihāoratanga +3, me waikura o teriuma, konutea.

Methods mo te faaineineraa

He ngā tikanga mō te whakaputa waikura. whakaaro te tetahi tino noa te te pāhekoheko o te hāora ki te matū ohie (konganuku, nonmetals). Hei tauira, i hanga e te tauhohe o te konupora me te hāora, te konupora ōkai, whakaahua āhuatanga taketake.

Ano kia taea waikura e matatini me te pāhekoheko o te matū ki te hāora rāpoi. Hei tauira, i roto i ngingiha o te pyrite (rino sulfide 2) e taea te whiwhi tika rua waikura: whanariki, me te rino.

Ko tētahi atu kōwhiringa whakaaro whiwhi waikura tote whāwehe tauhohe o te waikawa hāora-kei roto. Hei tauira, e taea te rite whāwehe o te konupūmā pākawa waro te hauhā me te konupūmā waikura (kotakota tere).

Ko te waikura taketake, me te amphoteric e hanga e i roto i te whāwehe o turanga rewa. Hei tauira, i hanga te calcination o waihā rino (3) te o waikura rino (3), me te kohu wai.

mutunga

Waikura Ko te piha haapiiraa o matū pararopi he tono ahumahi whānui. E whakamahia ratou i roto i te ahumahi hanga, ahumahi ho'oraa, rongoā.

I tua atu, maha e waikura amphoteric whakamahia i roto i te kōtuitanga organic rite kaiwhakakökï (accelerators tukanga matū).