He aha te mea tīpaopao? Tīpaopao i roto i ngā tamariki: Tohu me te rongoā

E rave rahi te iwi e mohio e pā ana ki te mea he tīpaopao. Ko reira ko te hunga e kua roa ite i ki tenei mate ngā, e faaite ake i roto i te ngoikore ki te rangatira i te pūkenga o te pānui. Tīpaopao i roto i ngā tamariki faaite ake i roto i ngā hapa tamau meinga e mate haukotia mahi hinengaro ranei, e he kawenga mō te tukanga o te pānui. kia whiwhi Tūkinotanga ai ranei congenital, kitea i roto i ngā tamariki hauā hinengaro me tamariki ki te maramarama rawa noa. Ko tīpaopao, ona take, tohu, ngā momo me ngā tikanga o te whakakorenga, ka korero i roto i te tuhinga.

etiology

E mea pinepine te mea tumu te mate, e ko, te tīmatanga i hanga he pūkenga pānui fakakehei. Tīpaopao i roto i ngā tamariki i roto i tenei take, ko te tika ki te take koiora. Tamaiti i roto i te utero kia puta whara roro, pūnaha io entailing kēkeno. Ka rite ki te hua, wāhanga o te roro haepapa mō te mahi hinengaro whai wāhi i roto i te hanganga o ngā pūkenga pānui mamae.

Ngaronga mate ranei te tīmatanga tika i hanga pūkenga ko te hua o te pānga o ngā āhuatanga pāpori me te hinengaro, e ngā tau'a ore mātauranga, te kore o te reo hoapā hospitalism syndrome me te rite. Tīpaopao i roto i ngā tamariki kura kia whakawhanake, ki te whakanohoia ki runga ki a ratou titauraa nui i runga i te reo matatini, ki te whakangungu nohopuku rawa. I roto i tenei take, te tamaiti i reira he he āhua o te maladjustment hinengaro. I roto i te te taha ki te tikanga pāpori kino, tenei titau te disorders putanga pērā i dyslexia me dysgraphia. I roto i te tamariki, mate raraunga i roto i nga tau tata piki mai ki te marama.

tohutanga

Hapa, no te pānui - e kore te reira faaiteraa katoa o te whakararuraru,. whakaaro tohunga te raruraru atu whänui, korero hoki e pā ana ki te tohu haumanu, e maha i haere tahi i te dyslexia. Tohu, hei tauira, ngā encephalasthenia, infantilism ira tangata. whakaaturia ofatiraa Direct o te pūkenga pānui i roto i te nekehanga puhoi o te mahi kupu me te tokomaha nui o ngā hapa. taea te kitea te maha o ngā rōpū i roto ia ratou:

• te ranu me te tangi phonetically rite whakauru o pukapuka e tohu;
• Whakakapinga pukapuka kauwhata rite;
• awerenga raupapa / tāpiri ōna wāhanga, me pukapuka, distortion i.e. o hanganga reo-Haupū;
• raruraru ki te kupu pānui aroā, ngā rerenga kōrero, kuputuhi i roto i te ngaro o maumaui o ngā rautaki pānui ;
• agrammatism, whakaata pānui.

huarahi haumanu me te hinengaro

Hei matau aha tīpaopao, me whakaaro koe i te reira i roto i ara rerekē. Na maha, puta tenei mate i roto i ngā tamariki ki te nahanaha disorders pokapū io pūnaha (E ruia ana, mahi, rohe, organic). mamae ēnei tamariki kore wāhanga o teitei mahi hinengaro, i raruraru ki te pūmautanga me te ture o te nekeneke o te tukanga hinengaro. Ano, nga tamariki i ngā āhuatanga pathological o te ao aronganui: te ngoikore o te whakaaroaro ana waha, me te arorau ki te pai image-he ataata, urutaunga noa i roto i ngā āhuatanga rā, me ki maladjustment kura, me te pera i runga i. Ko nga tamariki i iti rawa whakairoiro tarepa mahara waha me ngā āheinga ataata.

Kua hono maha kairangahau te whakararuraru, ki te iti te whanaketanga o te reo me te pānui fifi korerotia i roto i te āhuatanga tuku ki rōpū zvukobukvennyh underdevelopment, me te takahi o te wetewaehere ā. E fifi ki te whakatūnga o te reta waehere (reta-tangi) tamariki, me te kore e taea e whakaaunoa tenei tukanga. Ka rite ki te hua, kua heke ratou mahi hinengaro.

mapulei pānui

Te tākaro i te tangi ahua o te kupu, e hāngai ana i runga i ana whakapakoko whakairoiro - kei te tenei pānui. Tenei tukanga o hinengaro, me te whaiaroaro hanganga ritenga ki te pukapuka. A, no te tuhituhi e matou, te tikanga faaite o pūāhua pūrārangi, a ka tai'o tatou, i matau ai tatou te tikanga i roto i te tirohanga o te pukapuka.

I roto i te tukanga o te pānui rechesluhovoy wāhi, rechezritelny, Speech Analyzers. Hei pānui i, e hiahia ana koe ki te neke o koutou kanohi, te tiki mua (antipatsiya) me ki te haere hoki (Hokinga). Ki te iti haere noa o te kaupapa e te kuputuhi o te kanohi, ko te tukanga pānui pakaru, no te mea e te perception o te kupu wahi tika i te wa o te warea o, e ko, ka mutu nga kanohi i runga i te raina. Ko te maha o fixations tei runga i te āhua o maheni kupu, ratou hanganga, me te pera i runga i. N. nga reta i roto i te kupu mahi rite ngā tohutoro. A, no te tai'o tatou, na e kore matou e kite i te pukapuka katoa, engari tino anake.

whakarōpū

I runga i nga maumaui ngā mahi kaute i roto i te pānui, kua tohaina e ratou momo rerekē o te māuiuitanga. Kia whakaaro tatou ia o ratou i roto i ngā kōrero.

1. tīpaopao Optical

Tohu o tenei puka takoto i roto i te meka e kore e taea e ngā tamariki tika kite i te whakapakoko whakairoiro me te whakaputa uri i te hoho'a, na e he ratou uaua ki te ako i te pukapuka. Kids whakapoauau pukapuka e whai he ritenga whakairoiro, a kore e taea te wehewehe i waenganui i o ratou āhuatanga optical. e taea ki te ariā ataata, me te tātari ēnei tamariki.

2. tīpaopao Phonemic

e pā ana te mate e ki underdevelopment o nga mahi pūnaha phonemic, e ngā:

• Motuhake - te kaha ki te correlate ki etahi ngā o phonemes tikanga ina he huringa i roto i te kotahi ranei te raupapa o ngā waeine oro pūnaha tangi ai te huringa i roto i te tikanga;
• pārōnaki sluhoproiznositelnyh - te kaha ki te wehe i phonemes articulatory me acoustically;
• phonemic tātaritanga - te kaha ki te takoto i roto i nga kupu ki o ratou phonemes wāhanga.

te tikanga tamariki i uaua ki te sluhoproiznositelnyh pārōnaki me te tātari phonemic. I roto i te take tuatahi, puta reira oro-articulatory rite oro huanane, te tai'oraa i te pukapuka, orokati haere i to ratou kongutu, te raupapa o ngā oro me ōna wāhanga. I roto i te take tuarua, tamariki i uaua ki te whakamāramatanga:

• te aroaro ngaro o te reo ranei;
• tangi wahi i roto i te kupu (timatanga, waenganui, mutunga);
• tangi / whakamutunga Tuatahi;
• raupapa tangi;
• te tapeke maha o oro;
• wahi o te reo i roto i te kupu ki te faatura ki ētahi atu (e tata ana) oro.

3. Agrammaticheskaya tīpaopao

E mea pinepine puta tenei puka i roto i ngā tamariki ki te whānui disorders kupu. Kei te meinga te reira na roto i te underdevelopment o tukipūtanga syntactic me morphological o te pūnaha kupu wetereo. Tamariki ki tenei mate i roto i te tukanga o te pānui huringa mutunga take me te maha o tūingoa, kupu āhua, ka whakaae i runga i te tūingoa he i roto i te ira tangata, take, tokomaha, te huri i te mutunga kano o o'na, puka, momo me tenses.

4. tīpaopao pū

titau te ako o taua disorders te huarahi paku rerekē atu i roto i te tahi atu te wā, no te mea tenei momo o te mate āhuatanga e raruraru ki te matauranga ka te ihirangi tūturu me tikanga o te kuputuhi, ahakoa he reira tū pānui te ākonga te kuputuhi tika. Rerekē o maumaui:

• te tai'oraa i ōna wāhanga, ka wā puaki te tamaiti nga ōna wāhanga, engari e kore e taea paheko ratou ki te katoa e whai hua ana, a na reira e kore e taea e haru i te mōhiohio i te tai'oraa, e ko, i reira he hōhonutanga zvukoslogovogo kōtuitanga;
• pānui kupu tonu, ka kore e taea te āta whakaatu i te tamaiti i te whanaunga syntactic roto te rerenga, i te mea, i nga kupu e kore ia kite i roto i te taha ki te kupu e tata ana, me te wehe;
• te huinga o nga kōwhiringa tuatahi e rua, ka pānui ngā haupū aru e te pōhēhē o te tikanga o te kanohi makaro o whanaunga syntactic i roto i ngā rerenga kōrero.

5. mnesticheskimi tīpaopao

meinga tenei ofatiraa e raruraru ki te mahara-waha, kia rite ki te hua o nei ia i te tamaiti uaua ki te hanganga o te hononga i waenganui i te whakapakoko ataata o reta me ngā oro. e kore kura taea mahara te pukapuka, whakakapi ratou ina pānui atu, raruraru.

6. tīpaopao tūturu

Ko angamaheni mo te matapo te whakararuraru, o tenei momo. A, no te kore pānui taua iwi e whakamahi i te pūnaha perception me sensorimotor ataata (lau e tika ana ki te sensations tūturu). Heoi, whakaatu rangahau e ngā tamariki matapo ki dyslexia i roto i o ratou tikanga he kahore rerekē i disorders kupu i puta ake i ngā tamariki atarua. A, no te whakararuraru, tūturu, te raruraru matua - he takahi o te pukapuka o te āhukahuka o reta i roto i te Braille (ka haere ake te kaipūtaiao French ki te momotuhi tūturu mō te iwi matapo). tamariki matapo i roto i te aroaro o te dyslexia i roto i nga kupu pānui ngaro, whakapoauau pukapuka kore maha e whakaoti tae noa ki te mutunga o te kupu, me te ngana ki te imi i te reira. I te ofatiraa ano ka neke i te maihao i roto i enei tamariki hāngai ki maumaui i roto i te kaupapa kanohi puta i roto i ngā tamariki atarua mate ana i te mate kotahi (e kitea e ratou i roto i nga kanohi o te hurihanga papû, regression auau).

Tīpaopao: maimoatanga

Ka taea e Tūkinotanga riro te raruraru te roaraa, engari e whakahaere etahi iwi ki te whakawhanake i ngā pūkenga pānui mahi. Otiia te nuinga o dyslexics nui e hiahiatia ana e kore e tae taumata reo matatini. Ki te whakapai ake i te āhuatanga, he mea e tika ana ki te whakatika i tino te tukanga mātauranga katoa. rapua e tamariki ki tenei mate te whakamahi o ngā tikanga hāngai, me te autaki o te āhukahuka kupu whakaako me te hanganga o ngā pūkenga ki te tutakina wāhanga i roto i te kupu. I roto i te whakaako tika te whakamahi i te hangarau ā motuhake, hinganga-kore o te pānui. whakangungu autaki whai wāhi te whakamahi o te hōtaka motuhake, i te taha o etahi tikanga ā taea ako ki te pānui i

hanga whakakorenga o te dyslexia te i roto i te huarahi rerekē. Na roto i te penei ia tamaiti kia peratia takitahi. Na, mo te tangata pai ki te huarahi ngā ako e ki te pānui i te taenga atu ano nga kupu katoa me kīanga, engari mo te tangata technique tika atu e whakamahi ana i te pūnaha aroākapa mo te rironga o ngā pūkenga pānui, ka te tamaiti tuatahi ako ki te kite wae tangi, a ka ki nga kupu, me te tuku. Hoki kōwhiringa maimoatanga mō i kawea te mahi i roto i tonu i runga i te momo rerekē o whekau rongo tūtohutia. Ko te maimoatanga hauora o te mate te whakamahi o taua whakaora rite whakangungu optometric me te rite ranei, o ratou whai huatanga ki te rā te reira kua kore i whakamatauria.

I roto i te mutunga

He wehi e kua pāngia rātou tamariki ki te dyslexia maha ngā mātua. Hoki etahi take te nuinga o te iwi kitea tenei māuiuitanga mate hinengaro. Heoi, e kore e pera. maha whakaatu Kids he mate taua āheinga tina i roto i te tahi atu mara, pērā i te ahupūngao, te pāngarau, waiata, peita. Na te aha te mea tīpaopao? Raruraru ... he mea homai noa ranei? A feruri āta i mua i te whakahoki kupu koe.