Hoa Russian i roto i te Pakanga o te Ao i nei ahau?

I roto i te rau tau XIX, i tata katoa te whenua nui o te ao i roto i te āhua o tuwhera aroraa, rite ki te hua, ki te kore anake whakatau i te heke mai o Europe. Ārahi āhua: Britain, France, Russia, Germany, me te iti i muri mai, a Austria-Hungary - e kore e ngata i te ratou āhuatanga ōhanga, me kahore tetahi e haere i ki fakangaloku.

kihai i nga whanaketanga mutu whanaunga toto ara tata - te rangatira o Russia, ko Ingarangi me Germany whanaunga. Runga ake katoa, i te maka ana ratou ngākau nuitanga motu.

Reira na tupu e te hoa matua o ahau Russia i Pakanga o te Ao , ko te UK, a France.

I roto i te anaanatae o te āhuatanga tino, he maha āhua i wheketere ului ki ngā hiahia hōia. I runga i te supply o ngā hōia mahi patu, paura, snarjadnye, kariri, te pahi me te tahi atu whakaurunga ahumahi.

ngā ngākau nuitanga motu o Russia

Ka rite ki matau koutou, mahi te take mo te whawhai kia rite ki te kōhurutanga o Archduke Ferdinand F. me tana wahine, he iwi hoki Serbian i roto i 1914 i roto i te Sarajevo.

Ko o te akoranga, e kore ko te take tūturu tenei.

Hoki Russia, i reira te mea he hiahia ki te whakahaere i ohaoha whanaunga ki Europe, e nui wāhi ki te whanaketanga o Germany Trade me Austria-Hungary. hua ahumahi i Germany "oho te" Russia, me ona tūranga hokohoko tuku iho, me te hoki timata ki te whakaki i te mākete kāinga.

Tenei āhua o ngā take e kore i taea e meinga engari āwangawanga i roto i kaipupuri whenua nui o to tatou whenua, me te ora i roto i ona kuao raiona ahumahi. I roto i ngā, e tautoko enei āwangawanga Petersburg.

I te wa ano, ko Germany kaha whakawhanake whanaunga ki Austria-Hungary. Ko reira ki tenei mana, a whawhai Russia mo aoniu i roto i nga Balkans roto āhua Slavic. Otiia e kore e kua Berlin rapu ki te whakawhanake i tōrangapū whanaunga ki Russia, i āki mai ia i roto i ngā āhuatanga ōhanga kino.

hoa Russian i roto i te Ao Tuatahi

Ki te whakamārama o taua whanaketanga ōhanga me te tōrangapū i takoha Russia ki uru atu te haumi hōia ki France me Great Britain. Na ka mohiotia rite te Entente tenei rōpū.

Na, hoatu te rārangi o whenua Russian-whanaunga i roto i te Pakanga o te Ao e ahau:

• Andorra;
• Belgium;
• Bolivia;
• Brazil;
• China;
• Costa Rica;
• Cuba;
• Ecuador;
• Kariki;
• Guatemala;
• Haiti;
• Honduras;
• Italy (c 23 Mei 1915);
• Japan;
• Liberia;
• Montenegro;
• Nicaragua;
• Panama;
• Peru;
• Portugal;
• Romania;
• San Marino;
• Serbia;
• Siam;
• US;
• Uruguay.

Whakaaetanga i runga i te mana moana

Mau, i heke te Russia moni ki haaparuparu te mana o Germany me Austria-Hungary. Ua faaite hoki te kerēme ki te maha o āhua Tiamana me te hiahia ki te riro te mana o te moana no ki te wahi kuiti Turkish o Bosporus me Dardanelles.

I muri ka haere Turkey i te taha ki Tiamana i roto i 1914, kua i roto i 1916 hainatia te whenua Entente he whakaaetanga i runga i te wehenga o ngā pānga i roto i te Middle Te Tai Rāwhiti. Ko te kupu i takoto ai i hoa e Russia ka i roto i te Ao Tuatahi.

Whakaora me ngā rahunga i roto i 1914

I muri i te hinga i roto i te whawhai ki a Japan, kua Russia kua taea ki te whakatau e pā ana ki te āhua o ona ope patu. A i roto i te 1914 i kawea te reira i roto i pai nui faaineineraa no te whawhai.

Otiia kihai i tangohia hoa a Russia i roto i te Pakanga Tuatahi o te Ao ki ngā āhuatanga pūkete o te pakanga hōia roa. kihai i taea e tenei katoa engari haafifi i te hononga i waenganui i te whenua e rua. Hoki wikitoria ohorere kua rapua Russia ki ngā whakaritenga, heoi kihai i taea e ia te ārai i te hinga o te Hoa. Na tango ki pūkete taua āhuatanga, i to matou whenua ki te haere a tawhio noa, ki te whakatau i te tahi atu mau melo o te mua.

I roto i te Ao Tuatahi ko te rauemi tangata me te kai rawa nui a Russia. Ki te tango koe i te ōrau, ko reira te maha o ona hoia i pā ana ki 40% o nga ope katoa o te mua.

i te wahi o te ope Russian te mahi ki te titi ki raro, me te utu ki ano te ope patu o nga Tiamana me mua. I tua atu, ka mau te reira atu herehere atu i hoa i te whenua o Russian hōia (e pā ana ki 2.2 miriona. Hoia), i kiia hoki e pā ana ki 60% o te katoa maha o herehere.

Ko te pakarutanga o te pakanga

Ki te tīmatanga o Tiamana ki a France i roto i August 1914 te Pakanga Tuatahi o te Ao. Tumanako ki te riro i te blitzkrieg, tino rerenga ki France nga ope matua o Germany. kua I te wa ano i roto i te rawhiti kua whai wāhi tütü ngoikore 8 Army Te Tai Rāwhiti Prussia.

Ahakoa te meka i ahau hoa a Russia i Pakanga o te Ao neke atu i te rua tekau whenua, i haere Austria-Hungary ki te whakahaere i ngā mahi kaha ngā ki ope Russian.

Otiia whakarewahia Russia he ino, a na waenganui-Mahuru i te Galicia pakanga Army o te Southwestern mua whati nga ope matua o ratou hoariri. I roto i tenei whawhai, ngaro nga Austrians 400 000 iwi, i te toe hoia 100,000 ka riro 400 pu i roto i te thrall o te ope Russian. i ngaro Eastern Galicia.

Ka rite ki te hua o tenei wikitoria nui mama te āhuatanga me te Ope Serbian.

I te wa ano, pai whawhai hoa hōia o Russia i te rohe o Te Tai Rāwhiti Prussia. Runga ake katoa e te hiahia ki te mau tonu te wairua whakahāwea, me te whakarewa i te huaki i runga i Berlin. August 20 e patua te ope Tiamana i te taua tau i te Battle o Gumbinnen, ko Russia i taea ki te whakahaere tata 2/3 o te rohe o te hoariri kua.

Ko e haukotia te angitu o te Hoa te mau hapa nui i roto i te whakahau, me nga hoia Russian tukua e rave rahi mate nui, me te oho hoki ki te rohe.

Ko te angitu o te ope o te hoariri, Heoi, faahiahia ki te whakahau o te whakakotahitanga Tiamana. Tenei takoha ia ki te huri kē wahi o nga hoia French i te aho mua, a reira maka ope whawhai ki te rawhiti. A ko reira taea ki te noho i te pēhanga ki runga ki nga hoa Russian. e kore e nekeneke rauhanga pērā o te whakahau Tiamana mahue hoa tautahi me Russian i roto i te Pakanga Tuatahi o te Ao. nui wikitoria i Marne i riro.

Ki te whakamārama o te hinga auheke taua mahere blitzkrieg Tiamana rahua ki France. tūmanako Germany i ngaro hoki te wikitoria tere.

urunga o Turkey ki te whawhai

Na roto i te tīmatanga o Oketopa, hoia Tiamana tahi me nga Austrians ka mau te ino i runga i te mua rawhiti, ko te wikitoria oti o Russian hiritia te whawhai Warsaw-Ivangorod. i takoha German-Austrians ki te unu ano hoki o tenei ki ona rohe.

ngana matou ope i hanga he pakaruhanga i roto i pokapū Germany, engari ko reira tutuki. Taua mahi o ngā hōia Russian, Heoi, i te pānga pai i runga i te putanga o te whawhai i roto i te Isere me mua.

E Hakihea o taua tau, i ki te whawhati i te maha o ona hoia i runga i te mua rawhiti nga Tiamana. mahi tenei i roto i te tirohanga o te āhua o whawhai whawhai hoa Russian.

piri Turkey te whawhai i roto i te Noema 1914. I runga i te mua Caucasian tuatahi whakaritea etahi angitu, engari i te mutunga o Hakihea 3 ope Turkish tukua he hinga kuru i te pakanga o Sarikamis.

Kei te whawhai Germany i rua akina

I muri parekura nui arotahi Germany ratou mau tautooraa katoa i runga i te āhua o ki te tiki Russia i o te whawhai. I roto i tenei whakaaro, ka te Front Eastern te matua.

No te mea o te roa te supply o paura, raiwhara, anga pū, me ngā raruraru whānui ki Russia kai i tukua e te raupapa o mate. Na reira ko te riri o encirclement o te hōia Russian i roto i Poland.

Otiia i taea e ki te tango i te rawa o hape o te hoariri, me te tape'ai te mahere o te whakahau Tiamana te pūmanawa General MV Alekseev. Hoki tenei i tika ki te waiho i te maha o rohe - Russian Poland, wahi o Peraruhia me te tokomaha o nga āhua Paratiki. Tenei tukua ki te tiki i roto i o te āhuatanga riri, me te riro i te tunga i runga i rohe hou.

Russian hoa hōia rite ki te hua o te whawhai i runga i te mua rawhiti i te mutunga taea ki te tiki i te breather, whakakotahi ratou kaha, me te whakaū i te tūranga.

I te wa ano i runga i te mua Turkish, kua tonu to matou ope ki te whakahaere pai ngā mahi ino, te kupu he patu i raupapa o mate. ope Russian i roto i te rohe Turkish whakahau e te whānui ngingila nn Yudenich. Taua te ahunga whakamua i te whai hua i runga i te āhuatanga o te Hoa i runga i te Mesopotamian mua.

Me mea te reira e kore i nga mahi angitu o te corps Russian whakahau e Baratova i Pahia whakaaetia ki te haere mai ki a Tehran ki haere ki te ringa o to tatou hoariri. I roto i tenei take, te angitu o te ope Russian i roto i Turkey whakaorangia te oraraa o nga mano o Ararata, e tukua i te kohuru Turkish.

pakanga Naval

Ahakoa i taea e te reira i tīmata te Ao War 1, kihai i hoa Russian i rawaka ope i te moana. Otiia i Moana Black kaipuke o Russia he painga nui i runga i te hoariri mo te whakangungu whawhai me te wheako i roto i te whakahaere o whawhai, i puritia te nuinga o ngā āpiha manuao, me te kaipuke.

Ko te kaipuke i 6 tama'ii tonu o te momo tawhito, 2 fakasio, 17 nga kaipahua, 12 nga kaipahua, 4 mua.

I roto i te whawhai, i piri ratou e tetahi 9 kaipahua, 2 rangi waka (Momo o kawe rererangi hou), me te 10 mua.

Kei te kaipuke i i te turanga matua o te Moana Black (Sevastopol) ka i he hanga kaipuke i Sevastopol me Nikolaev.

Ahakoa āwhina o Turkey whakaratohia e Germany, Russia hoa (Army me Navy) i he painga nui i roto i te Moana Black.

I roto i te akoranga o whawhai whawhai ki te Turkish Navy Russia kua whāngai tikanga hou me innovations rauhanga, i takea mai i ngā wae mana kanorau. i hanga kauhoe Special o nga kaipuke mo haere tonu te tautoko o ngā hōia i runga i te whenua, me te tautoko i nga kaipuke waka i kawe utanga hōia.

Kua hoki ki reira i whakamahia i roto i whawhai hōia ū mahi, tahi ki te tautoko o te rererangi. titiro rerekē, me te whakarite ahi i runga i ngā whāinga uta ki te whakamahi o ngā teihana reo irirangi o te kaipuke.

pūkenga whawhai New

A, no te te pā o te Bosphorus me te rohe waro, hoa a Russia (ope, me te kaipuke) whakarite whai whanui o mua me kaipuke moana. Ko tētahi atu meka ngā ko te mahi tahi o mua, me te rererangi ki te aro submarines hoariri.

Rawa takoki Kua whawhai kaipuke Russian i roto i te Moana Black i roto i te pakanga 1916. i ahau ki te mahi tukutahi i te maha o ngā akina me ki whakaoti maha mahi rerekē ki te whakamahi o kaipuke, rererangi me mua.

Ko te Russian Navy Whakahaua me tāia ki a taea meinga nui kino ki te kaipuke German-Turkish.

Ngā pāhekoheko roto Allied

Germany i roto i 1916 kihai i taea e ki te riro i runga i Russia i roto i te mahere rautaki, me te neke tona aro ki te Front Western.

Ko te mahere o te whakahau German e meinga rite te nui ki te ope Anglo-French. Battle o Verdun i ngā nui mo nga whawhai, he aha i hira rawa i roto i te Ao Tuatahi. i taea ki te tiki i te breather me te wā ki te faaineine no te whakahaeretanga o whawhai, ka whakarewahia ope Russian te ino e tata ana hoa Russian Lake Naroch.

A ahakoa mutu te whawhai i roto i te kore, i reira he whai hua i runga i te āhuatanga o te ope i whakauru.

I te wa ano e whakanui tatou i te angitu o to tatou taua i roto i Turkey. ka mau Tuatahi Yudenich Ezerum pa, me te i muri mua.

Noatia, i tutuki te angitu nui i Russia i te raumati o 1916. A, no te riro te ino whānui o te Southwestern mua i te pera-ka karanga Brusilov ino, i roto i nei patua i ano te ope Austria. Whakatika i te āhuatanga i taea anake wawaotanga o Germany, kua tukua nei e mutu te mua o ngā hōia Russian. Ka rite ki te hua o te whawhai i Kovel mutu hoki to tatou taua i roto i te kore oti.

Te revolution i roto i Russia

whakaritea ino hou Meiha runga 1917, me e taea te mutunga te Ao Tuatahi. hanga ano hoa Russian ratou mahere ino. Otira ko enei mahere me te mahere. Ko te take hoki i wahia e ratou iho, momo. Otiia te nuinga ko reira raruraru pāpori-ohaoha e kua whiwhi a pakari hoki te wa roa i roto i Russia. Otiia ki te papamuri o hinga ngākau i roto i te ope hoki o te mate nui o ēnei ngā whakahēnga i riro hë noa atu.

Ka rite ki ano kaha whakatö-hapori, destabilization tōrangapū me te rōpū, kaha ki te kāwanatanga. tenei katoa kua arahina huihui ki nekehanga pāhoro, i tere te pūnaha pāpori-tōrangapū ngā i roto i te 1917.

Kua tino whakangaromia ratou nga tautooraa katoa me te ahunga whakamua kua e kua hanga e Russia.

Ahakoa kia mahara ai e ara i roto i enei huru, te āhuatanga i te mua mo nga Hoa taea e nui atu kino. Russia anake kukume i te ara i roto i enei tikanga, neke atu i te toru o nga hoia Tiamana. I te mea ka unu reira, a noho ratou i roto i ngā whawhai, me te Division Austria.

Na e kua riro te reira hītori, e ti'a ia tatou mahara e kore anake te mea whai wāhi hoa Russian te whenua o roto i te pakanga, engari ano hoki i te meka e ko te reira i to tatou ope, kaimahi reira ki a koutou e to tatou matua, i āwhina te win Hoa.