Ka pikitia e Hydrostatic Galileo. Galileo Galilei: he haurongo poto

Galileo Galilei - pūtaiao Italian, he philologist, he mīhini, fakaangá, rohi pehe, arorangi me te ahupūngao. I ia te mana nui i runga i te whanaketanga o te pūtaiao o tona wa. Ko te pūtake o te matauranga, me te wheako whakaaro ai kaha whawhai ki te mahi-kura. Na kua mohiotia taua mea ki ona whakatutukitanga katoa: Galilei whakaaro he hydrostatic pauna, thermoscope ka tika tonu te karu whātata. Ko te pūtaiao ko te kaiwhakarewa o ahupūngao whakamātautau. I roto i tenei tuhinga, ka korero matou ki a koutou e pā ana ki te ora, me hanga o Galileo. Kia tīmata a.

Childhood me te taiohitanga

whanau Galileo Galilei, he haurongo poto ka e kia aroaro i raro, i roto i Pisa (Itāria) i roto i te 1564. mahi tona papa rite te kaiwhakatangitangi me mathematician, kua whiriwhiria hoki te tama a te tikanga hauora. I muri oti te tamaiti kura ngā none, tautuhi ia te reira i roto i te Whare Wānanga o Pisa Faculty o Medicine. Otiia whitu Kariri kihai i reira ngā. mahue ia i te whare wānanga, ka haere ki a Florence, te wahi i timata ai ia ako i nga mahi o Archimedes me Euclid. papa o Galileo, whakamaoritia hoatu tono tama reira ki te manga taumauri.

I roto i te tamarikitanga aroha Galileo hoahoa taonga tākaro mīhini me nga tauira ngā o kaipuke, mira, mihini. Tauira Galileo Viviani, i muri i tuhituhi he haurongo o te kaipūtaiao whakahuatia e kua i roto i tona tamarikitanga, he rawa fakatokanga Galileo. Ko reira e tika ana ki tenei kounga i taea ki te hanga i te kitea nui ia: kitenga i roto i Pisa Cathedral piu chandeliers, ka haere mai tetahi tangata taitamariki ake ki te ture o te isochronism o oscillations tāwēwē (te motuhake o te ine o te wā oscillation). whakahē maha kairangahau ki Viviani me whakapono e kore e tenei kitea no ki Kariri. Otira kua mohiotia taua mea e toutou tirohia Galileo te ture empirically. whakamahia hoki e ia a reira mo te roa etahi o te wā. Tenei whakamātau i te anaanatae i riro e te mau taote.

Galileo pauna hydrostatic

I roto i te 1586, whakaputaina he kuao pūtaiao te mahi pūtaiao tuatahi o te āhua mahi. hangaia Galileo he pauna hydrostatic motuhake, me te whakamārama taipitopito o ratou i roto i tona mahi. Ka taea e tatou te mea e kua takoto reira tona aitua rite te kaipūtaiao.

tukua unahi kotahi Hydrostatic ki te whakatau ka te kiato o kohatu utu nui, me te konganuku. Ko te tikanga iho kua whakatuwheratia atu Archimedes. mahi e tika ana "Tauine Iti" a Galileo ko te mathematician Florentine Guido del Monte. mohio te pūtaiao e tonu i roto i te mīhini pūmanawa Galileo ka hiahia ki te whakatau ia ia.

Ko reira i runga i te kupu tohutohu o Del Monte i te 1589 riro Galileo te ahorangitanga i tona whare wānanga, ko ia taea ki te whakaoti tika ki fifi pūtea. Heoi, ka mau te reira i te utu iti, engari pūtaiao tonu i hari hoki hanga rongonui unahi hydrostatic Galileo i te ao pūtaiao. I mohiotia rawa ia i roto i mathematicians Italian.

Ko te pukapuka "I te tere"

Timata whakaako i te University o pāngarau me te kaupapa, fehangahangai Galileo he kōwhiringa uaua. I runga i te ringa kotahi - te whakaaro inviolable mārika o Aristotle, i runga i te tahi atu - ratou ake whakaaro huritao, tautokona e te wheako. E ai Aristotle te maturuturunga iho tere tinana he hautanga ki tona taimaha. whawhati i Galileo tenei tauākī, ka i kaiwhakaatu maha maturuturu iho i te okioki ana Tower o pōro o te rahi kotahi, engari ki te taimaha rerekē. Ua haapii Aristotle e tinana rerekē i rerekē "taonga otinga", na etahi o ratou e hinga nui tere atu i te ētahi atu. E ko te tinana i roto i te nekehanga, Me ia rangi pana, i konei nekehanga o te tinana tohu te ngaro o feāvaaki. Ngā mea Galileo te kore.

I roto i te 1590, i tuhituhi te kairangahau he pukapuka "I te tere". I roto i te reira, whakahē ia nga whakaaro o nga kau muimui o Aristotle (Peripatetics). Tenei meinga whakahe o te pūtaiao i te māngai o te pūtaiao-kura kōaro. Ano, e kore e tano aufauhia i Galileo. Ko te rawa kōpipiri i roto i te pāpāho. Ua tauturu ia faahitihia del Monte, tūtohu Galileo i University Padua.

wā Padua

Mai 1592 ka anga te wā tino hua i roto i te ora o te kairangahau. Kua kua korero matou e pā ana ki Galileo pauna hydrostatic, i meinga tona kitea tuatahi. Na, i runga i nga tau o whakaako i te pūtaiao University o Padua hanga e ia tetahi atu e rua. Galileo whakaaro thermoscope mo te ako o tītohu waiariki , ka tika tonu te whātata ki te hanga ia he karu.

I roto i te meka ko thermoscope ine pāmahana te tauira taketake. Hei whakaaroa reira, a Galileo ki radically rethink ngā i te wa te mau parau tumu o te maeke me te mahana.

mohio te tenenga o te karu i roto i te Venice kē i roto i te 1609. Maere kitea raraunga, a tika tonu Galileo te pūrere, ka urutau reira ki mau i te rangi te rangi. I te timatanga o 1610 ka kitea kairangahau kua awhinatia reira e toru āmiorangi o te ao Hupita. Mātakitaki i te ao i ngā wā rerekē, i taea ki te matau ki ta te āmiorangi huri tōu ia, a kahore hurihia Galileo. whakapumautia tenei pūnaha tauira Kepler, i ko he kaitautoko o te kaipūtaiao.

I tua atu, kitea Galileo te parau tumu o te ngä i roto i te akiaki. i hanga e ia te pūtake o te ariā nei o te ngä. kitea Galileo mana'o hape no ni'ai te kaupapa o Aristotle. kitea pūtaiao empirically e te kaupapa (aunoa tukanga) he whanaunga. e kore te mea e ki te kōrero e pā ana ki te kaupapa, i waho i mohio i roto i te pā ana ki te "tinana o te tohutoro" puta reira. Ratou rite te ture o te nekehanga katoa. Na reira, kati piha o te kaipuke, e kore e taea ki te experimentally whakatau mehemea he reira te mangai mo ranei takoto i runga i te whenua kei te neke.

ngā āhuatanga arorangi

Nā ki te karu whātata arā atu anō i roto i te pūtaiao i reira nga whanaketanga hou. kitea Galileo Galiley te wāhanga o Venus, a ka whakaaro o te oraraa o te maha nui o whetu o te Way Milky. Mātakitaki i te kaupapa o sunspots, mohio te kairangahau e he e tika ana ki te huringa o te ra tenei tukanga. Ma te haapii i te mata o te marama, ka kitea Galileo ngā piere me maunga. Katoa o enei, turakina ia te pono o te pono mārika cosmogonic o te pumau o te ao, ka meinga he revolution i roto i te tātai arorangi. ana kitenga katoa, whakaahuatia Galileo i te pukapuka "Star Gazette", i whakaputaina i roto i te 1610. Tenei mahi whakatapua ia ki te Duke o Tuscany mo o Kozimo Medichi.

Hoki ki Florence

I maoro karangatia te Duke Galileo ki te mahi i roto i Florence. whakaritea te pūtaiao i philosopho marae tuatahi me te mathematician o te University, kihai i pau ki te pānui i kauwhau. E te wa mohiotia te mahi o Galileo ka puta noa i Itari. Whakamoemititia i roto i ratou kaha kinongia e ētahi atu. Pono i riri e kore e kitea tuatahi. I te 1611 i ara karangatia te arorangi ki Roma, i reira i te anaanatae i oha ia te mata tuatahi o te pa, me te hahi. tonu a Galileo kahore whakaaro e pā ana ki te tāuta ia te titiro ngaro. rahi hoariri ino i roto i 1613, i te mea kua whakaarahia te whakataki i te take o te incompatibility o nga karaipiture ki te āhuatanga o Galileo. hoatu te kairangahau tenei tiaki whakautu taipitopito, i ngana ki te āta wehewehe i waenganui i te pūtaiao me te hahi. I te 1616 ka haere ia ki Roma mo te whakaaro o te parururaa i to ratou parau haapiiraa.

Ko te tukanga tuatahi

i tino angitu huru. Ko te take hoki i ngingila kaha whaikōrero Galileo. I tua atu, i āwhina te pūtaiao Duke o Toscana, tuhituhi hoki te whakataki pukapuka. mohio utu kawea ki Galileo faainoraa. Na, Heoi, i mua i pūtaiao i reira ko te tino he wero: te legalization o ratou whakaaro pūtaiao.

pūnaha Copernican taea kore kia ara tiakina, engari he ahua o te kōrero, e kore te tautohetohe rāhuitia. Na reira, i tuhituhi Galileo te tuhinga "kōrero e pā ana ki te timu me te rere" i roto i i kōrero te interlocutors toru nga pūnaha matua e rua o te ao - Nīkara me Ptolemy. I te 1630 ka haere ia ki Roma i roto i tenei pukapuka. ka mau Scientists e rua tau ki te mahi ki te aukatinga, ki te tiki whakaaetanga ki te whakaputa i te tuhinga. I roto i te mutunga, ka haere mai te reira i roto i roto i Florence i August 1632.

Ko te tukanga tuarua

ähua tonu te uiui ki te whakaputanga o te pukapuka, te pānui puta noa Europe. I te mutunga o 1632 whakahau Galileo ki te haere mai ki a Roma. ka ui te pūtaiao mō te tāke e tika ana ki tona mate, me te koroheketanga. Otiia noho pahonohia tona tono. I te timatanga o 1633 ka tangohia ia ki Roma i runga i te moenga. I roto i te marama, noho ia i roto i te karere Tuscan, a ka peia Galileo i te whare herehere o te whakataki. Na i reira nga tuma o fakamamahi'i, whakaritenga liaki, Faka'eke'eke me te mea kino mo te kairangahau - te whakangaromanga o ana mahi. Ki te whakatika i tona "Kōrero" i mua i taka Galileo kaiwhakawa. I muri i te whakamatautauranga, kawea mai te pūtaiao i ki te ohu o St. Minerva, hanga ki te haina i te liaki a nuitia ripeneta i runga i tona turi.

tau tata nei

I roto i te 1637, Galileo Galilei, he haurongo poto i kitea i roto i tenei tuhinga, i tona aroaro ngaro. Ko te aroaro e, whakahaere te pūtaiao ki te whakaoti i te mahi, whakatapua ki ana whakatutukitanga i roto i te mara o rehe. Reipa i huaina "Mathematical tohu, me te kōrero." I roto i te rerekē ki te "kōrero" i roto i tenei pukapuka kua whakaahuatia katoa rite te mea te tautohe ki kaitautoko o Aristotle he kore hāngai, me te tika ki te whakaaetanga o ngā whakaaro pūtaiao hou. Ngā mihi ki te mau tautooraa o hoa o Galileo pukapuka ko noa, no te te ora kairangahau. Ko ia tenei hari mīharo.

mate Galileo i te tīmatanga o 1642 i roto i te pātū i Arcetri. I roto i 1732-m tonoa puehu pūtaiao ki Florence ka tanumia muri ki Michelangelo.

Tēnei haurongo katoa. ake tuhituhi Galileo Galiley tona ingoa i roto i te hītori o te pūtaiao. Hei whakamutunga tapaea tatou i te torutoru meka e pā ana ki tenei kairangahau.

meka Interesting e pā ana ki Galileo Galilei

• I roto i 1992, te Pope fakamatala'i te pūtaiao rite te ahupūngao ngingila ka whakahuatia pōuri e pā ana ki te tona whiu whakamutunga korerotia. Ko te mihi tūmatanui tuatahi o te Vatican e pā ana ki te huringa o te whenua a tawhio noa te ra.
• E ngā unahi Hydrostatic Galileo i te runga rima hanga tino ngingila, e kua whakamahia i roto i to tatou wa.
• Ko te parau "A ano e neke te reira!" Te kairangahau e kore puaki. Tenei pūrākau i whakaaro e te kairīpoata Italian.