Mucolytics: he rārangi o ngā hua mō ngā tamariki me ngā pakeke

I ARI, e maha fehangahangai tatou ki taua tītohunga kino, rite te maremare. He fakaongosia me hōhā, uaua ki te manawa ia me te whakaiti kounga o te ora. Hoki te rata, he mea nui ki te whakatau he aha te momo o te mare i roto i te tūroro: maroke mākū ranei. whakaaro te momo tuatahi te ki kia counter-hua, me te e āhuatanga e uaua i roto i te expectoration. Mare i huaina ko hua, me te whakapototia whakaora o te manawanui. Te kimi i te momo mare maroke manawanui, maha whakahau rata taero i razzhizhzhayut secretion mucous Kaore, i hanga nei e i roto i te wahi romahā. Nā ki te kiato nui o tenei hūpē te manawanui he uaua ki te sputum expectoration ranei.

He aha e nga mucolytics?

I roto i te tikanga ki te āwhina i te manawanui ki te mare maroke, ka te tākuta te tikanga whakahau mucolytics. Rārangi o ngā hua ngā i roto i tenei rōpū ko tino whānui. Na roto i te ara o te mana i runga i te tinana tangata e taea te wehea enei taero ki ngā rōpū e toru:

• matū Mucoregulatory. E ratou he pānga i runga i te nui tukua secretion mucous. Tenei rōpū ngā corticosteroids, me karbotsistein M-holinoblokatory.
• Mukokinetiki - he taero e whakapai ake i te expectoration o hūpē. Ēnei ngā ambroxol, bromhexine me pera atu.
• Tika mucolytics. whai wāhi ēnei matū ki te aro o te mucin mā te whakaiti i tona pokey. Na roto i te mucolytics ngā whākōkī proteolytic, acetylcysteine, a pera atu.

Various tikanga aro o sputum

Ki te whakaaro tatou ki te huarahi e ai te muingota o mucopolysaccharides waikawa secretions hūpē o te tangata e taea te huna ki te awhina o raau taero, e taea te ara matua e rua kia taiea - ko te tikanga paru, me te ara kore-enzymatic. I roto i te take tuatahi, te whākōkī wahia iho pūmua kōrero, me i roto i te tahi atu - hononga disulfide i te rāpoi ngota o te sputum.

Whakarōpū o te wāhanga kaha matua

E ngā katoa o enei taero rite ki te ao whakarōpū o ngā rongoā ATC i raro i te waehere ATS R05CB «Mucolytics ranei". Rārangi o nui kai kaha whakarato hoki ti'araa ārepa motuhake:

• R05CB01 - acetylcysteine.
• R05CB02 - bromhexine.
• R05CB03 - karbotsistein.
• R05CB06 - ambroxol.
• R05CB10 - raau taero ki te waihanga ngā.
• R05CB13 - Dornase Alfa (DNase).

Ko e taero, tautapa mucolytics ki te manawanui ngā, solves tākuta anake. Tenei whakarite i te mahi ia i muri noa i te hi'opo'a maitai, a arahina ana e te hua o te tätari tēnā. Kia tango o te titiro i te āhua o te taonga kaha ia ngā taka rongoā i roto i te rōpū R05CB.

Mucolytics ki acetylcysteine

tōtika Acetylcysteine tauturu kikokore te hūpē, a na reira i uru i roto i te rōpū o mucolytics. Rārangi o raau taero ki te taonga hohe ngā pā ana ki te tatini rua momo rerekē o ngā rongoā puka. āhuatanga Acetylcysteine e nga tikanga e whai ake nei o te mahi:

• He i roto i tona muingota te tauira rōpū sulfhydryl urupare, e mahi i runga i te pūhui mucopolysaccharides disulfide kino no o nei āhuatanga e nui haere pokey hūpē. Ka rite ki te hua, liquefied te sputum te ka excreted i te tinana ngāwari ake.
• whai wāhi ana tēnei rauemi ki raro mahi me te whakaiti i te maha o huakita pathogenic i te hunga i runga i te mucosa o nga whekau romahā.
• He āhuatanga antioxidant. ariu rōpū Sulfhydryl ki Radicals free me metabolites o te hāora, me te tango ratou i te tinana. Ko te kupu, acetylcysteine he mahi antiinflammatory me te tinana ovobozhdaet i matū paitini, tino uhi huru o te manawanui.

Mai i teuteu kei roto rite kaha taonga acetylcysteine, kia whakahuatia ai:

• "Mukobene" - papa; 100, 200 ranei 600 mg.
• "Mukomist" - otinga i roto i ampoules, 20% mo te wā, me te inhalation.
• "Mukoneks" i roto i te puka o pire, ki te 0.1 g faaineine i te tirikara.
• "Fluimucil" i roto i te puka o pire, 100 me te 200 mg; Papa mo te waireka inu, 600 mg.
• "ACC" i roto i te puka o papa mo te whakarite inu effervescent - 100, 200, 600 mg; werohia 300 mg / 3 ml i roto i ampoules; granules mō te otinga i roto i, 100, 200 mg.
• "Acetylcysteine" i roto i te puka paura, 200 mg; otinga mō te werohanga, 10%; otinga mō te ngalyatsy, 20%;
• "Atsestin" - Tablet mō te whakahaere ā-roto, 100, 200, 600 mg; Papa mo te waireka inu, 200 me te 600 mg.

Acetylcysteine me taero ki ia contraindicated i roto i ngā tamariki i raro i te 2 tau (me etahi - ki runga ki te 6 tau o tau), wahine hapu me te lactating, iwi ki te mate gastrointestinal ulcerative i roto i te wā whakapeka. kia wheako koe pānga taha pērā i ānini, stomatitis, lethargy me tinnitus, uaua whakakitea disorders gastrointestinal, mate pāwera, tachycardia. e kore e taea e Acetylcysteine inu ki taero antitussive. Reira whakarei hoki i te pānga o te nitroglycerin me inhibits te absorption o paturopi.

Mucolytics ki bromhexine

Medicaments kei roto i tēnei taonga kia rite ki te wähanga kaha, maha whakaritea e te maremare, me tūnga rite mucolytics. he iti ki ngā hua rongoā rima te rārangi o raau taero. Kia i roto i te tinana tangata, puta bromhexine e whai ake:

• Whakahekea te pokey o secretion arahau i polysaccharides hūpē depolarization;
• whakaongaonga te reira i pūtau arahau mucosal e te huna hoki polysaccharides momo kūpapa;
• whakatairanga te reira i te hanganga o te surfactant;
• hua te reira i pānga expectorant;
• inhibits te pūpū mare.

Teuteu-mucolytics rārangi ana i raro i roto i rite te matua bromhexine whakauru kaha. Ko ētahi o ēnei:

• "Solvin" - otinga mō te whakahaere ā-roto, 4 mg / 5 ml; papa mo te whakamahi waha, 8 mg.
• "Bromhexine" i roto i te puka o te otinga, 4 mg / 5 ml; tirikara, 4 mg / 5 ml; papa 8 mg.

Drugs, mucolytics, kei roto bromhexine, kua contraindicated hoki te iwi ki te ātete kai takitahi ki tenei wae, me te tamariki ki runga ki te 6 tau. Ka taea e ratou meinga tokopā, ānini, nui haere wehenga o werawera, rashes kiri me te bronchospasm. wahine hapu me te lactating rongoā ki bromhexine whakaritea uaua.

Drugs ki carbocisteine

Kei te whakaurua hoki tenei tarukino i roto i te "Mucolytics" rōpū. Rārangi o raau taero ki carbocisteine ngā pā ana ki tekau tūemi, engari to ratou katoa te pānga ho'oraa taua:

• whakaiti i te ihirangi o te hua kūpapa me te waikawa e kawea te hanga o glycopeptides ki ratou rahi noa;
• whakaiti i te pokey me te huri i te elasticity o sputum;
• mahi whakaora i te mucosa o te pūnaha romahā me te whakahoki tona hanganga noa;
• ake i te take o te rohe resistance motuhake LGA;
• haerenga, ngā rōpū sulfigrilnyh whiriwhiri;
• takahi ki ake te mahi o te epithelium arahau ciliated.

Tino maha, e whakaritea tūroro taua noa mucolytics. homai he rārangi o taero me teuteu kei roto karbotsistein te raro nei:

• "Libeksin Muko" i roto i te puka o te tirikara, 50 mg / ml.
• "Mucodyne" i roto i te puka o capsules, 125 mg; tirikara mō ngā tamariki 125 mg / 5 mL me 250 mg / 5 ml.
• "Karbotsistein" tirikara 250 mg / 5 mL me 125 mg / 5 mL (mō ngā tamariki); Capsules, 375 mg.
• "Fluifort" i roto i te puka o granules mo whakatārewatanga, 2.7 mg; Tirikara, 90 mg / l; tirikara 2% (mō ngā tamariki) me 5%.

Karbotsisteinovye mucolytics, taero me ngā rongoā, e kua whakaahuatia i runga e kore e taea te tango ki te meka o ia he mate pāwera ki te wāhanga tuatahi me te i roto i te mate whewhe keté, raruraru o te funktsionirovaniyapochek noa, glomerulonephritis i te whakapeka puka, cystitis, hapūtanga me te ū. E contraindicated Teuteu i roto i te puka o capsules mō ngā tamariki i raro i te 12 tau, me te i roto i te puka o te tirikara - ki runga ki te 2 tau. Drugs, Ka taea e mucolytics Cough hāngai karbotsisteina sporovotsirovat rastrojstva nakunaku me mau faaiteraa mate pāwera.

Drugs ki ambroxol

Ko te tino paingia ana i roto i te tūroro enei taero. He te pānga e whai ake nei i runga i te tinana tangata Ambroxol:

• whakaiti te reira i te taupū pokey me te adhesion o sputum;
• whakahaere rere o te hūpē i te Airways;
• whakahohetia pūtau serous o te mucosa arahau o te kiko glandular;
• Whakaongaonga te reira i te hanga o te whākōkī e haafaufaa te hanganga o nga polysaccharides o sputum;
• kaha whakatairanga i te hanga o te surfactant;
• Whakaongaonga te reira i te makawe iti o te bronchi me ārai ratou i pipiki tahi.

Nā ki te mahi o enei āhuatanga ambrokola i whakaurua ai i roto i te rōpū "Mucolytics". He rārangi o taero kei roto tenei wae he whānui. Tenei ko nga taero tino noa ki ambroxol:

• "Mucosolvan" - rare, 20 mg; kamu 15 mg; otinga, 7.5 mg / ml; tirikara 15 me 30 mg / 5 ml; papa, 30 mg.
• "Haliksol" - i roto i te puka o te tirikara, 30 mg / ml me 10 papa, 30 mg.
• "Maddox" - i roto i te puka o te tirikara, 15 mg / 5 ml me nga papa, 30 mg.
• "Deflegmin" - i roto i te puka o pata mo whakahaere-waha, papa me 0.75%, 30 mg;
• "Suprema-Cof" - i roto i te puka o papa, 30 mg.
• "Mukobron" manakitanga ahua o papa, 30 mg.
• "Pata Bronhovern" - otinga mō te whakahaere ā-roto, 7.5 mg / ml.
• "Ambrobene" - i roto i te puka o capsules, 75 mg; otinga mō te werohanga, 7.5 mg / ml; tirikara, 15 mg / 5 ml; papa, 30 mg.
• "Ambrogeksal" - i roto i te puka o capsules, 75 mg; otinga mō te inhalation me ingestion, 7.5 mg / ml; tirikara 3 me te 6 mg / ml me nga papa, 30 mg.
• "Ambroxol" - i roto i te puka o te tirikara, 3, me te 6 mg / ml; papa, capsules, 30 mg me 75 mg.
• "Ambrolap" - i roto i te puka o capsules, 75 mg; tirikara, 15 mg / 5 ml; papa, 30 mg; rastvoa mō te fariiraa roto, me mo te inhalation, 7.5 mg / ml.
• "Ambrosan" - i roto i te puka o papa, 30 mg.
• "Ambrosol" - rite te tirikara 0.3 me 0.6 g / 100 ml.
• "Remebroks" -ia te hanga i te tirikara 30 mg / 5 ml.
• "Ambrotard 75" manakitanga ahua o capsules, 75 mg.
• "Flavamed" - i roto i te puka o te otinga mo whakahaere-waha, 15 mg / 5 ml me nga papa, 30 mg.
• "Bronhoval" - Papa, 30 mg; Tirikara, 15 mg / 5 ml.

Tei runga i te puka o te tuku o te raau taero, i reira he contraindications ki te fariiraa i runga i te pūtake o rongoā ambroxol. Taua teuteu, mucolytics mō ngā tamariki i raro i te 2 tau e tika ana anake ki te kore e nui ake inenga o te taonga kaha 3 mg / ml, te tikanga te tirikara otinga ranei. E kore e taea e te papa inu mō ngā tūroro i raro i te tau o te 6 tau, te capsule - ki runga ki te 14 tau. Ano, ki te mea te manawanui e hypersensitive koe ki ambroxol, taea kore te whakaritea mucolytics raraunga. I roto i te pānga taha o te tarukino - tokopā, nui haere wehenga i hūpē nasal, uaua te tiana, mate pāwera. A, no te te nuinga o te wā e kore e ambroksol whakaritea hapūtanga i roto i te huatū tuatahi, a i te rā i muri mai - anake i runga i tohutohu o tākuta.

hanganga Mucolytics ngā

Kei roto ēnei medicaments e rave rahi rerekē matū kaha i te mahi, e whakarato aro o sputum, na i whakaurua ratou i roto i te typology "Mucolytics". A, no te rārangi mare maroke o taero whakaritea e te tākuta i te rārangi whakaahuatia i mua i roto i tenei tuhinga, e taea te tāpiri ki te rongoā e whai ake nei:

• "Sinupret" - te tikanga he wāhanga tipu. Oku i ai e he wahi o pakiaka gentian, puawai Primrose me te kopurepure otaota elderberry me vervain. hanga te faaineineraa i roto i te puka o papa otinga waipiro ranei. whakahaere hohe matū matatini rere pai o hūpē i te sinuses me runga wahi romahā. E kore e taea e te formulations e rua tango i te kuao ake ki te 6 tau o tau me te iwi ki te lactase hē, kia rite ki te pai kia rite ki te aroaro o te mate pāwera ki rongoā wāhanga.
• "Rinikold Broncho" - teuteu e komokomo te wae matua e toru: ambroxol (15 mg), chlorphenamine (2 mg), phenylephrine (5 mg) me guaifenesin (100 mg). Ka rite ki te hua o te fariiraa i tenei pokey tirikara heke hūpē i roto i te bronchi, expectoration māmā, faaore e haehae ana, minamina o nga kanohi, me te ihu, heke ngawhatanga me te whero o te kiko mucous o te pūnaha romahā. contraindicated te raau i roto i mamae, atherosclerosis, takawhita, mate huka, hyperthyroidism, pheochromocytoma, papahewa, katia-momo, pekitīlia, repeure adenoma, hē o te kūhuka-6-Phosphate dehydrogenase, hapū me te hohipera, tamariki i raro i 6 tau e mate pāwera ki ngā wāhanga. e kore koe e taea e inu i te tirikara ki te betaadrenoblokatorami, pōuritanga tricyclic momo, Mao inhibitors me taero kei roto i te taonga kaha taua rite te "Broncho Rinikold".

Ribonuclease mo te maimoatanga o Tuhinga maroke

Ko te tikanga whakaritea e tākuta mucolytics ki mare maroke, he rārangi o nei i te aroaro mua, e taea te pēnei reira ki taero tuku iho, me te whakamatautau e te wā. ara hou me te hou waitohu o te pae whakakahoretia o te hūpē Kaore i roto i te wahi romahā - te whakamahi o te ribonuclease dornase Alfa ranei. Tenei taonga ko te hua ira engineered, he orotahi o te paru tūturu tangata i te kawenga mō te wāhinga o te DNA wahopūtau.

I roto i te aroaro o te Simi i roto i te manawanui, āhuatanga nei i te he tukanga hopuhopu hiahia, he haaputuputuraa o secretions purulent ki pokey tiketike. Ka rite ki te hua, waimaero tūroro mahi romahā. I roto i te secretions purulent i roto i ngā rahinga nui kei DNA wahopūtau. E tukua ēnei matūriki i te leukocytes paraheka hua rite te tikanga whakautu i roto i te mate, me te whai i te pokey tiketike. piri Ribonuclease DNA hydrolytic i maremare me te hūpē hua liquefied.

Dornase Alfa Ko wāhanga o te "Pulmozyme" tarukino, hua nei i roto i te puka o te otinga mō te inhalation. ihirangi mea hohe - 2.5 mg / 2.5 ml. Kua oti pai whakamahia tenei tarukino ki Simi, me te ma'i mate pūkahukahu taunutia: bronchiectasis mate, COPD, malformations congenital i roto i ngā tamariki, kakā, immunodifitsitnogo pāpaka romahā huru.

Contraindications moka "Pulmozim". E kore e te tarukino kia whakaritea ki hapu, me te lactating wahine me ngā tamariki i raro i te 5 tau. He onge ngā pānga taha i roto i te maimoatanga o tenei taputapu me kia puta rite te kanisā lymphocytic momo whakapeka o anemia aplastic, haurangi, migraine, pīkaru, disequilibrium, tachycardia, hopu cardiac, bradycardia, kakā, bronchospasm, disorders kūnatu, dermatitis mate pāwera, edema angioneurotic, disorders hapū me te whanau, pouaka mamae, ngoikore.

Tukinotia tere a tika

arotakengia tēnei tuhinga i te taha o te pātai: "He aha taero - mucolytics?" Rārangi o te raau taero tino noa o tenei rōpū i te ingoa. kia rawa kï hoki, e te whakamahi o te raau taero, tona inenga, me te tūtohutanga mo te roanga o te akoranga o te maimoatanga me te taea o te whakakapi i te orotahi tarukino - he take e ko te fatongia o te ngaio hauora i muri noa i te tātaritanga tino o te manawanui enei. Whaiaro-rongoā i roto i tenei āhuatanga kia kore anake counterproductive, engari ano hoki e taea ki te meinga pānga ohorere i te pānga taha o taero ki te whanaketanga o mate mau. Na reira, i roto i te aroaro o nga tohu mate e kore e whakaroa i te haerenga ki te tākuta. E noho hauora!