Old iwi Russian: whakatau hanganga me te hiranga hītori

Me pēhea te ki te hanga i te iwi Russian Old? Ko te whanaketanga o whanaunga feudal puta i roto i te faafariuraa o hononga iwi i roto i te kawanatanga, arā te rōpū kāwanatanga takitahi. Ki tenei tukanga haamata te aamu o Kievan Rus. Mātauranga Old kāwanatanga Russian me te hanganga o te iwi Russian tawhito - tukanga e pā ana.

He aha mua te turanga o Kievan Rus? He aha ngā āhuatanga whai wāhi ki te hanganga o te iwi Russian onamata?

turanga kāwanatanga

I roto i te rau tau iwa kua tae te hapori Slavic te taumata i reira e hiahiatia te hanganga o nga pakanga anga e fakatonutonu ture. puta e tika ana ki te kore ōritenga riri tara. State - Ko te anga ture e taea whakaoti maha pakanga tenei. Te kore reira, he āhuatanga hītori, rite te iwi Russian onamata, i taea e kore te tīariari. I tua atu, i te uniana o ngā iwi i tika no te mea he wa katoa kaha atu i kore e pā ana ki tetahi ki tetahi rangatiratanga i te āhua.

I ka puta te kāwanatanga, mai i tahi te Silaví rawhiti, tautohe hītori ki tenei ra. I te timatanga o te rau tau IX tīmata iwi Ilmen Silaví me Finno-Ugric te pakanga e faaoti te feia faatere rohe i runga i te taahiraa pau: ki te ani manihini rangatira mātanga, arā i Scandinavie.

Rangatira-Vikings

E ai ki ngā pūkete o mua, ka tonoa nga kau taki whakaaro nui he karere o Rurik me ona teina, e kī e to ratou whenua ko taonga, hua, engari i reira he kahore rangimarie i roto i te reira, te tahi mau pakanga me te totohe. Ko te pukapuka karangatia nga Uropi ki te tohutohu i me whakahau tika. kahore ki te kia whakama o te tono mo te rangatira rohe i. Kei te maha karangatia manene rangatira mo tenei whakaaro.

whai wāhi te turanga o Kievan Rus ki te whakakotahitanga o tata katoa te iwi Slavic Eastern, i kōrero nei i roto i nga meatanga. Belarusian, Russian, me Ukrainian - nga uri o nga tangata o te rangatiratanga feudal piri i roto i te āhua, hei nei kua tetahi o te tino kaha i roto i te anotau Middle.

kōrero

Ko tenei pa te whakapaipai o nga glades iwi Slavic. i kotahi tiamana ia, kia rite ki te kōrero, Ky. Ua tauturu te whakahaere ia ia paparinga me Horepa. tu Kyiv i te pekanga, i roto i te wāhi tino watea. Here ki te faaite me ki te hoko witi, patu, kararehe, whakapaipai, papanga. Neke atu i te wa, te cue Horepa & paparinga wahi ngaro. utua Silaví takoha ki te Khazars. Haere e nga Normans ka mau "kotiti" pa. kāpehu, Origin o Kiev te i roto i te mea ngaro. Ko te hanganga o te pa - tetahi o nga hiahiatanga mo te hanganga o te iwi Russian tawhito.

Heoi, ko te putanga i te mea te kaiwhakarewa o paparinga Kiev, kitea atu feaa. 'I hono kehé, ko reira he pūrākau, wahi o te hautoa motu.

Aha Kiev?

whakaturia tenei pa i roto i te ngakau o te rohe e nohoia e Eastern Silaví. Wāhi Kiev, kua rite kua mea, Ko te tino watea. steppes Whānui, whenua momona, me te ngahere mātotoru. I roto i te pa i reira nga tikanga katoa mo te pāmu kararehe, hopu, me tino nui - mo te korero o te whakaekenga hoariri.

He aha mātāpuna o ngā kōrero te mea e pā ana ki te takenga mai o Kievan Rus? I runga i te takanga o te kāwanatanga Te Tai Rāwhiti Slavic, a reira - me te iwi Russian tawhito, kia rite ki "Te Tale o pahemo Tau". I muri Rurik, e haere mai ki te mana i te aniraa a te feia faatere rohe, ka te rangatira o Novgorod, Oleg. kihai i taea e Ikoa whakahaere e tika ana ki te kuao tau.

whakahaere Oleg ki whakakotahi mana mo Kiev me Novgorod.

ariā hītori

Old iwi Russian - hapori mātāwaka, i piri Te Tai Rāwhiti iwi Slavic ki te hanga i te āhua feudal. He mea tika ki te mea i te tahi kupu e pā ana ki te mea takoto i raro i tenei wā hītori.

Te nationalism - he āhuatanga hītori, angamaheni mo te wā feudal wawe. Ko te hapori o te iwi e nei e kore te mau melo o te iwi tenei. Ko e tonu ratou e kore tangata o te kāwanatanga, e he hononga kaha ōhanga. He aha te iwi he rerekē i te iwi? hītori Modern kore tenei ra e haere mai ki te whakaaro. I runga i tenei take, ko te tonu i raro i kōrero. Ko taea tatou te mea ki te māia e te iwi - ko te mea e hopoi mai te iwi ki te rohe noa, ahurea, ngā tikanga me ngā tikanga.

periodization

Kaupapa o te tuhinga - Old iwi Russian. Na reira utu faahiti periodization o te whanaketanga o Kievan Rus:

1. Āhua.
2. Whaipua.
3. wehewehenga feudal.

E pā ana te wā tuatahi ki te iwa-tekau nga rau tau. Ko reira ka timata te iwi Eastern Slavic ki kia puta ki te hapori kotahi. O te akoranga, te rerekētanga i waenganui i a ratou āta ngaro. Ka rite ki te hua, kōrero kaha me te pūtahitanga o te mita maha o te reo Russian Old i hanga e. hanga te reira i te rauemi taketake, me te ahurea i te pae varua.

pūtahitanga o iwi

noho Eastern iwi Slavic i runga i te rohe, i i subordinated ki te mana kotahi. Peka i te ngau tonu hoki i puta i te wāhanga whakamutunga o te whanaketanga o Kievan Rus. Otiia arahina hononga whaihua ki te putanga o ngā kōrero tuku iho noa me tikanga.

iwi Russian Old - he whakamāramatanga e ngā te hapori e kore anake o te ora ōhanga, te reo, te ahurea, me te rohe. Tenei ariā Ko te hapori arā, o taketake, engari akomanga tūturu - te rangatira feudal me peasants.

Hanganga iwi Russian tawhito ko te tukanga roa. Ngā roto i te ahurea me te reo o te iwi e noho ana i roto i ngā rohe rerekē o te kāwanatanga, kua ora taua. E kore e nga rerekētanga murua, ahakoa te maungārongo. I muri mai, i mahi i te reira rite te pūtake mo te hanganga o nga iwi Russian, Ukrainian me Belarusian.

Ko te ariā o "iwi Russian tahito" e kore e ngaro tona hāngaitanga, no te mea ko tenei hapori kotahi pakiaka o nga iwi fraternal. Kua kawea noho o Russia, Ukraine ko Peraruhia roto i te māramatanga tenetere pātata o te ahurea, te reo. He nui te hiranga hītori o te iwi Russian tawhito, ahakoa o te āhuatanga tōrangapū, me te ōhanga o nāianei. I roto i te tikanga ki te whakarite i tenei, ko reira utu whakaaro nga wae o taua hapori, ara, te reo, ngā tikanga, me te ahurea.

History o te reo Russian Old

i mohio Māngai o te iwi Eastern Slavic ia atu i te aroaro o te turanga o Kievan Rus.

reo Russian Old - iwi reira, ko nga tangata i te rohe o te kāwanatanga feudal te tuaono ki te tekau ma wha rau. He tūranga nui i roto i te whanaketanga o te ahurea whai te putanga o te tuhituhi. A, no te korero e pā ana ki te wa o te whanautanga o te reo Russian Old, karanga hītori te rau tau whitu, e taea te pēnei te ahua o nga mahi i te tuatahi tuhituhi ki te tekau te rau tau. Ki te hanga o Cyrillic rārangi pū tīmata te whanaketanga o te tuhituhi. He pera-ka karanga Chronicles, e he ana hoki ngā tuhinga o mua nui.

ka anga Old ethnos Russian tona whanaketanga i roto i te whitu o nga rau, engari i te tekau ma wha, no te mea o te mārō wehewehenga feudal, i kitea ngā huringa i roto i te kupu o te noho ora i roto i te uru, tonga, ki te rawhiti, Kievan Rus. Ko reira ka e te mita, i muri i hanga ki reo motuhake: Russian, Ukrainian, Belarusian.

ahurea

He whakaata o te wheako ora o te iwi - pūrākau. Ko te tikanga e mea hakari ana o iwi i roto i Russia, Ukraine ko Peraruhia, me tenei ra i reira e maha ngā ōritenga. Kia pehea te i te rotarota ā-waha?

I roto i nga huarahi o te kāwanatanga pohehe kaiwaiata huarahi Russian Old, haereere noa kaiwhakaari me kaiwaiata. I ratou katoa he ingoa noa - clowns. tohu iwi toi i hanga te pūtake mo te maha mahi tuhituhi me te waiata hanga nui i muri.

Āhuatanga o te whanaketanga i roto i te āhua feudal wawe ko te epos. kaiwaiata Folk Päkehä kotahitanga o Kievan Rus. Pūāhua bylinas (hei tauira kaipara Mikula Selyanovich) e whakaaturia ana i roto i maongoonga taonga, kaha, me te motuhake. Ahakoa te meka i ko tenei aito he kaiahuwhenua.

awe Folk toi te pakiwaitara me ngā kōrero e kua whakawhanakehia i roto i te hahi, me te pāpāho fakamāmaní. Na tenei mana, ko kitea i roto i te ahurea o te wā i muri mai. Tētahi atu pūtake mō te hanganga o nga mahi tuhituhi mo nga kaituhi o Kievan Rus ka te kōrero hōia.

whanaketanga o te ōhanga

Ki te hanganga o te tahito māngai iwi Russian o nga iwi Eastern Slavic timata ki te whakapai ake taputapu. Agriculture, Heoi, ko te taiao. Ko te ahumahi matua - ahuwhenua - whakamahia whānuitia Rahl, pungarehu, Kaheru, rino, parau parahi.

Nui te ahunga whakamua ki te hanganga o te kāwanatanga Russian tawhito tae kaimahi. ako parakimete hei whakamakuku, i orohina ai, kaupapa. Ko te māngai o tenei mahi onamata i hanga e pā ana ki te kotahi rau me te rima tekau momo o ngā hua i hanga o te rino. Rawa rongonui parakimete hoari tawhito. Pottery, Kei te hoki kaha whakawhanakehia rakau tukatuka. mohiotia Products Masters Old i tawhiti tua atu nga rohe o te kāwanatanga.

whai wāhi Hanganga o te iwi ki te whanaketanga o mahi toi, me te ahuwhenua, e muri arahina ki te hua i roto i te whanaketanga o whanaunga hokohoko. Kievan Rus ki te whakawhanake i ohaoha whanaunga ki whenua ke. Na roto i te āhua Russian tawhito ko te ara hokohoko "i nga Vikings ki nga Kariki."

whanaunga feudal

Mātauranga Old puta iwi Russian i waenganui i te whakaaetanga o te feudalism. He aha te mea te pūnaha o whanaunga pāpori? Feudalists, te faito o e na nui korero e pā ana ki hītori Soviet, i roto i te meka, hāngai i roto i o ratou ringa te kaha me te taonga. whakamahia ratou i te mahi o kaimahi tāone me peasants ririki. whai wāhi Feudalism ki te hanganga o whanaunga pononga matatini mohiotia i te hītori o te Middle. personified e ia te mana kāwanatanga i te Prince nui o Kiev.

totohe piha haapiiraa

smerdy kaiahuwhenua tukinotia whenua feudal. utua kaihanga takoha. Ko te faingataa ora korero peasants me pononga. Ka rite ki i roto i te tahi atu āhua wharekarakia i roto i Kievan Rus faifai kino ake te faaohiparaa i feudal kia e te timatanga o te ngangaretanga. ka mau te tuatahi wahi i roto i te tau 994. History Ikoa mate, e, tahi me tona tira kotahi faaoti ki te whakaara i te takoha mo te rua o te wa e mohiotia, ki te katoa. riri o te iwi - i roto i te aamu o te tītohunga e wehingia ana, entailing tuaiwiroa totohe, te faito, a ētahi wā noa whawhai.

Ko te whawhai ki nga tangata ke

tonu iwi Channel Scandinavian ratou whakaeke konihi noa, no te kua kanohi nga iwi Eastern Slavic te hapori mātāwaka. I tua atu, aroraa Kievan Rus he pakanga tonu ki nga mano tini o te Khazar Khanate. Kainoho o kāwanatanga Russian Old maia whakaata whakaekenga hoariri. A e kore matou e mahara tetahi atu whakaeke i te hoariri, a, kahore whakaaro rua, ka turia atu e ratou. maha whakanoho iho hōia Russian Old i Hiking i roto i te āhua hoariri. Ratou mahinga kororia tuhia i roto i nga meatanga, maongoonga.

heathenism

i tino whakakaha piringatahi rohe i roto i te kingitanga o Vladimira Svyatoslavovicha. hanga Kievan Rus kua whanaketanga tino, arahina te pakanga tika angitu ki te mahi konihi o nga rangatira Lithuanian me Polish.

a tautangata, hei pānga tōraro i runga i te hanganga o te kotahitanga iwi. Kei te malu'aki mai te reira i mo te hiahia mo te karakia hou, e pono me kua he Karaitiana. Hei tuwha reira i runga i te rohe o Russia timata Askold. Otiia ka riro Kiev te rangatira o Novgorod, ka huna hahi Karaitiana tata whakaturia.

Kupu Whakataki o te whakapono hou

ka mau misioni o te whakauru i te karakia hou ki runga ki Vladimir. Heoi, pā o peikani i Russia reira tokomaha i. kawea te whawhai ki a ratou i roto i hoki nga tau maha. i mua i Ahakoa kua tangohia te whakatamarikitanga o Karaitiana ka whakamātau ki te whakapai ake i te karakia etene. Vladimir te nui, mo te tauira, i roto i te tau 980 whakaaetia te oraraa o te rōpū ahu e Perun atua. He aha i hiahiatia ko te whakaaro, uouangataha mo te āhua katoa. i tino kia te arotahi o tona i roto i Kiev.

Paganism, ahakoa, kua hipa ake tona whai. Na reira, Vladimir, i muri a'e i, whiriwhiria Ofotokisií. I roto i te kōwhiringa i arahina matua i ngā ngākau nuitanga mahi.

whiriwhiri uaua

E ai ki te tetahi putanga, ka rongo te rangatira te whakaaro o te maha tohunga, i mua i te hanga i te kōwhiringa. mohiotia ia te ki te waiho i te pono. ngā te ao Ihirama te ki Vladimir, engari tona kotinga aketahi. I tua atu, e kore e taea e te tepu Russian, hei te mea te poaka, me te waina. Tuí Prince Hurai a kihai i faauru whakawhirinaki. ko karakara, mīharo Kariki. He ngākau nuitanga tōrangapū pae hopea ua faaoti te kōwhiringa o Vladimir.

Religion, iho, ahurea - fakatahai te taupori o te whenua i roto i nei kotahi nohoia te iwi piri i roto i te haumi mātāwaka tahito tenei katoa. Ahakoa senituli muri, te hono i waenganui i taua iwi rite te Russian, Ukrainian ko Belarusian, rāua.