Pūnaha tangata Antinociceptive ki te whakaiti i te mamae

Kei te mārama wehe pūnaha Antinociceptive o te tinana tangata hanganga io kei roto i ngā wāhi katoa me te i roto i nga wahi katoa o te pūnaha io pokapū. Ratou huinga ko te ahua o te raupapatanga o kaha nga ringa neurochemical, he te kaha ki te whakatārewa taumahinga hanganga mauiui i roto i te pūnaha nociceptive.

pūnaha antinociceptive Mahi

A, no te tono te te pūnaha antipain te tikanga opiotergicheskaya ture ara iahiko. Ko reira te pāhekoheko o receptors opioid me ligands-opioids. Kaitakawaenga pūnaha antinociceptive taea te pehi hūhi sensation fuu i ngā taumata. Ngā mihi ki te mahi o te huarahi o te mamae me te hūhi kihai i riro te mana'o puai i roto i te ora o te tangata. Ahakoa ka tae mai te mamae, kei te ngā āhuatanga mahi pūnaha antinociceptive i roto i te mahi e taea e koe ite i roto i te mau taime o te mamae taui, okioki. Ko te mahi matua o tenei huarahi tiaki i roto i te tinana o tetahi tangata tenei.

Te tikanga o painkillers whakapōauau i teie mahana

Interest i whakapōauau Drugs, i te ara, i hoatu ano hoki whanau ki te pūnaha antinociceptive. āta whakaraupapahia te whaiaroaro o te tinana tangata te whakaaro o te raau taero i roto i te rongoā: kua whakamahia ratou rite te tarukino whakarehu kaha e taea te āwhina hinga i te pūnaha antinociceptive mamae ranei te mahi tona utu.

Ki te rā, taero - te ara anake te maimoatanga symptomatic whai hua o tūroro ki te mate pukupuku. Ko reira tino taea ki te whakatika i te whakamahi o te raau taero, tango ki pūkete ratou pānga analgesic. Heoi, ngoikoretanga katoa mohiotia matua o enei taero e taea ratou tahuri tika, tangata hinengaro pūmau i roto i te mea hanga ti'aturi faaruru unearthly mamae, me te pea mutu tona mahi ka materoto.

Rerekētanga i waenganui i nociceptive me ngā pūnaha antinociceptive

pūnaha Antinociceptive Ko te tokoingoa o te mamae, i te whakapūmau i kotahi rau ōrau mamae perception. Whakaaro tenei wā, te rerekētanga i waenganui i tenei ariā me te wā "pūnaha rongo" taea te tautuhi ngāwari. Mai te tefito "pūrere" riro, anake e taea te huaina t. E. Ko te kupu tautuhi analyzer he kongakonga motuhake o te pūnaha pūoko, te nociceptive me te pūnaha antinociceptive te Taihauauru e kore tohu tika te tokoingoa, me te somatic whaiaro pūnaha kaua uaua.

Hei matau aha te tikanga o tenei, he mea e tika ana ki te hoatu i te tauira. mohio Practice nga take onge o te kore o te mamae mana'o i roto i te tangata, he hohonu. Na, ko te ara nociceptive matua mahi ratou noa, ie. E. Preventing tikanga whakahaere mahi mamae.

Ka rite ki reira he mamae, me he ru mauiui?

E te 70 tau th o te rau tau whakamutunga, kua hanga e te pae hopea kairangahau he whakaaro e pā ana ki tenei wahi o te pūnaha io pokapū rite pūnaha antinociceptive roro. I taua wa, i taea ki te whakatū i ona whāititanga pea o mamae excitation, ngā hanganga ārai overvoltage tari nociceptive pūtaiao. Te whakanui ake ritenga nociceptive pūnaha braking hohe whakaoho tenei tukanga huānga antipain.

Amuamu o mamae e taea puta noa, no te i raro i ngā pānga tino i runga i te pūnaha antinociceptive tinana kore e taea te tāmia hoki o te mana o ngā āhuatanga no rapae. he mahi wehe, ki te overexcitation pūnaha nociceptive me meinga mamae ohorere möhio o te natura psychogenic i roto i te whekau tino noa kore-mate mahi wahia iti.

pūnaha analgesic o te hanganga tinana

Whakaaro i te ariā o te antinociception (pūnaha antinociceptive), kia utu koutou whakarongo ki ona wae takitahi. I roto ia ratou, te tuatahi o katoa ko reira utu te tuhituhi i te āhuatanga o te hikumārō midbrain me medulla (mea hina, te karihi o te hanganga reticular me te karihi raphe, wāhanga gelatinous o te ua).

Ngā mihi ki a ratou, i reira ko te mamae ārai taketake. mutu Tangata ki te ite mamae ina titiro ake rere excitation nociceptive Nireaha ki te inhibition. no tenei mahi ki te mana heke mamae. Ko te matū kaha matua i roto i nga opioids mahi braking mahi me etahi hormones, pērā i serotonin. Tika ki te karanga ratou modulators no te mea e whakarereketia e ratou te tūranga neurons tahuti taketake, i kore haere i roto i to ratou aronga kahore pānga whakaongaonga.

Neurotransmitters me receptors i roto i te pūnaha antitsitseptivnoy mamae

Ko te pūnaha analgesic matua, me te predetermining neurons he hunga kei roto i te mea hina o te midbrain. wāhi nui i konei me axons, e e maranga ki te hypothalamus me ētahi atu pūhanga o te tuakoi kaka mahue. whai wāhi hoki rātou i roto i te huarahi i te ritenga ki te ua. Kaiwhakaako o enei neurons whakaaro te pentapeptides, e ngā enkephalins momo. Me whiwhi taua kaiwhakaako i te puka o waikawa amino methionine, me leucine.

E taea e i roto i te wa poto ngā, ki te kōkiri i katoa o te receptors opiate Enkephalins. A, no te opiatergicheskih synapses, kua tū te nuinga enei receptors i runga i te membrane, e te mauria i nga mahi o te postsynaptic "urunga". E kore e whai wāhi i roto i te synapses hei mauiui, ia me tohaina te membrane kaitakawaenga ārahi ana excitation fiemālie i te neuron ngā ki tetahi.

kua he receptors opioid huru, e te hunga piki metabotropic pūnaha antinociceptive Endogenous. Kei te maha e pā ana ratou ki bioregulator meinga inhibition o adenylate cyclase roto i te āhukahuka intracellular. Ko te putanga o te runga ake katoa ko te ngangau i roto i te pūnaha kōtuitanga antipain. Haunga whakaiti pathological o te konupūmā i roto i te tinana tangata ngā nga kaitakawaenga matua o te mamae, t. E. tīmata te tinana ki te whakaputa i a ratou i runga i to ratou ake. Ko te kaitakawaenga tino noa o te mamae e:

• taonga P;
• cholecystokinin;
• somatostatin;
• waikawa glutamic.

Hypothalamus me te tuakoi mahue o te roro - activators o te mahi

Na roto i te hanganga o te pūnaha ngā antipain analgesic hanganga hypothalamic me te uho somatosensory o te tuakoi kaka mahue. tutuki te rahiraa o ratou pānga inhibitory i nociceptive tangata huarahi te roto:

• inhibition o pānga te awa ki runga ki neurons o te ua;
• maranga pānga braking i runga i nga neurons o te thalamus;
• te pānga whakahohe i runga i te pūnaha i runga ake-whakahuatia o te mana runga ki raro-o nga pereki.

Disengagement o te mamae i roto i te tinana

kei roto i te ruruku tata pūnaha Nociceptive me antinociceptive o te tinana. hua te whakamutunga wāhanga opioid endogenous, i roto i te meka ko e he tarukino roto.

Ēnei ngā endorphins, dynorphin, a na i runga i. D. Ko te taa o te hanganga matū he raupapa peptide pari, rite rāpoi ngota pūmua iti e kua hanga ki runga o ngā waikawa amino.

Ko te tūranga o peptides kore-opioid me opioid

I roto i te tau pai o te neurons e ngā pūnaha antinociceptive receptors motuhake kei ki taua matū. Hei tauira, i roto i te whakapā ki receptors opioid maha puta i te mahi braking muri o neurons takitahi. I roto i tenei take, riro leva pūnaha mamae nociceptive me te mamae tata kore e tauhohe. Ko te ahanoa o neurons iti pūnaha analgesic ko te arai o te tuku, me te tohatoha o te mamae muri kūmuri excitation mekameka.

Ko te tukanga ture o te putanga o te mamae tā peptides opioid kore anake. peptides Non-opioid (hei tauira, neurotensin) pā hoki te tangata bolevospriyatie whakamutunga. Puta ake i te momo o ngā mātāpuna, ka taea e te mamae tautāwhi noradrenaline, dopamine, serotonin me ētahi atu catecholamines.

Nahea te huarahi o te pehanga o te mamae?

mahi Antinociceptive o te pūnaha tinana e taea e maha ngā huarahi:

1. Ko te tikanga o te mahi akiaki. He he he tauhohenga o te faaitoitoraa mauiui, meinga excitation synaptic i te pūnaha o te heke mana inhibitory. I roto i te haona muri o te ua i tenei wa e taea te kite whāiti whakaongaonga nociceptive afferent. I roto i te wahi matua o te analgesia tenei tikanga. A, no te wā kotahi whakahaere te pehanga o te mamae e rua faaitoitoraa mamae.
2. Ko te tikanga o te poto mahi. Tīmata i te hypothalamus, e pā he mana wahia momo pūnaha e heke o te hikumārō midbrain me medulla. Hei whakahohe i te huarahi mō te whāiti te excitation o mamae i te taumata o te ähua filosilivá me ētahi wā e hiahiatia ana roro.
3. Ko te tikanga o te mahi roa. Kei te tū te pokapū matua i roto i te hypothalamus, e whakahohe i te mamae tonu. tuku Updraft excitation mamae te ki nga wahi katoa o te mana whakararo. E te pūnaha nociceptive hono te Whaitae aronganui o te mamae. e kore ko te whāinga taua i whakarite ai i roto i te nuinga o te wā.
4. tikanga toniki. Nā ki tona mahi tamau pūnaha antinociceptive tautoko pokapū wāhi orbital me frontal o te uho kaka. E tū ana i roto i te taupa frontal, i muri i te kanohi. whakarite ngohe hanganga nociceptive te pānga braking tamau. E te ara, e taea te kite i tenei tukanga, me te ngaro oti o te mamae.

He aha te mea mamae?

Antsinotsitseptivnaya pūnaha o te tinana, ki te whakahaere i te hanganga o te uho haaparuparu, tauturu faaineine no te pānga mua-atu tahumaero, a ka tango i te faaitoitoraa o te mamae ki te hekenga i o kino, sensations fiemālie.

Mai i te katoa i runga, ka taea e koe te utu i te mutunga ohie e te kaha me te āhua o te mamae tomu'a āhuatanga o te mahi o te pūnaha e rua: nociceptive me antinociceptive. Tuatahi - te mamae, te tuarua - antipain. Ko te pau o ratou pāhekoheko whakatau te āhua o te mamae ite e te tangata. kia rerekē te mamae, e whai ake:

• Hyperalgesia - kāwanatanga ina nui haere te tūtohutanga ki te mamae, i te putanga o e kia rānei rōpū nui nociceptive pūnaha antinociceptive pūnaha excitation iti ranei.
• Hypoalgesia - he āhua i te tūtohutanga iti ki te mamae hua i te pānga ritenga: nui haere pūnaha antinociceptive mamae, me te heke excitation pūnaha nociceptive.

Ka taea e whai i te whai pānga pai ki runga ki te tinana tikanga rua, a ratou te nuinga whakawhirinaki i runga i te paepae o te mamae. Tenei uara tohu te wāhanga turanga kore-pateko, ka rerekē ki te āhuatanga o te mamae me te pūnaha analgesic. Na antinociceptive ka hanga i te hanganga kotahi mamae nociceptive matatini, te anake ona āhuatanga.

He aha fakamanamanai ki kino ia i te tangata?

Engari uaua pūnaha bolevospriyatiya rongo e tika ana mo te tangata ki te mau tonu i te tinana, me ona wahi i roto i te tapatahi. Ano, mahi enei pūnaha disorders (mamae me te antipain) pā i te ora tangata tōraro. I roto i te whakapeka sensations mamae poto ma'i ranei, puta te whai ake:

1. raruraru moe.
2. Te kore o te hiahia fakasekisualé.
3. Kārangirangi, inattention.
4. Ko te hekenga i roto i te mahi nekeneke.
5. Depression, kāwanatanga psycho-aronganui te tumatatenga.

Amuamu o te mamae - mate

Ka taea e te mamae Kakati pōturi manawa, i ētahi wā noa mutu reira tino, ia taea te mamae papamuri ngoikore pā tona whakatere. I roto i te mamae kino faarahi auau ngakau, pēhanga toto nui haere, e whakawehi te whanaketanga o te spasm iaia piringa.

Tuatahi, riro koma te kiri, engari te mamae dilated oko toto wā-poto ai te Makere reira. secretion iti o huware, wai pekitīlia me te hanga o te repe taiaki, tūnga ioio intestinal, e maha arata'i ki anuria. Ko te whanaketanga o te ru mamae ina, he mahi wehe ki hopearaa mate mamae kino.