Pūrere tito i roto i te tuhinga: whakaahuatanga, tono me ngā ture

Kei te kitea te tuatahi te kupu "hanganga" i roto i te kura, i roto i te heke mai riro te reira i te wā, ka te ariā o āta whakawhänui ki te matua i roto i tetahi taa mahere o mahi tuhituhi. He he momo o ngā tikanga me ngā puka o māngai toi o mooni, a rite tetahi o nga wae formative matua whakaaro te he pūrere o te hanga toi.

hanga

whakamaoritia "Composition" i te Latino te taua ara. Ranei "mahi". Tenei āhuatanga homai te kaipānui he kōrero katoa, me te tikanga tetahi kuputuhi. Me pēhea te ki te whakamāori i te pūrere tito ki te āwhina i te kimi i katoa o te kuputuhi i roto i te raupapa tika, i te mea e tika ana ki te pono ihirangi o tenei mahi? O te akoranga, te hanganga - he mekameka e kore noa o scenes me wāhanga i roto i tuhia wahi o te kuputuhi i reira ko te mahi auaha nui ake mātanga.

Na, kotahi te ara ki te whakaiti i ngā āhuatanga katoa o te hanganga - tuhi ake he kōrero katoa o te whakaahuatanga, whaikupu, kōrero, whakaahua, ngā kōrero whakauru, e tahuri mai manatārua toa āhuatanga o te wahi o te kōrero, me te wahi, whenua me whakaahua. Ko te pūrere tito tuatahi tenei.

Titiro ki te mua, me te heke mai

Retrospective e te kaipānui hoki i roto i te wa, i reira te kaituhi e te reira i roto i te mau ohipa i puta ki te pūāhua rite rite koe mo te wa roa, a ko te kupu ūkui te take pakiaka o te mea kei te tupu i roto i te hakari. technique tito whakamahia e nga kaituhi o retrospection rawa whānui, me te pinepine e rua i roto i te tuhi, me te i roto i te whiti.

Tino whai hua hanga hinana, ina Ētahi te kaituhi vahe, hoatu ratou tetahi i tetahi ki te maha toa, ranei ngā wāhi ranei. Ano, mutu pene ia ki scene oti, me te tūmomo. He he he manawarū nui ki te kaipānui hohoro YUV i runga. E huaina tikanga tito pērā i roto i te tuhinga discontinuities. I tua atu, i te hanganga ano kia hanganga ai thematically, whakaata, i runga i te whakakai ranei i roto i te raupapa whakamuri o ngā.

wha Haora

Ko te hanganga o tetahi o te hua multilayer tika, ia o ratou i reira he he "rua" me tae noa "raro reatoru", "U-rere", me te ara äwhiowhio. Nahea te tutuki ai te kaituhi tenei rangirua? Pono, te whakamahi i te whānuitanga o ngā rautaki tito i roto i te tuhinga. Ratou ngohi maere. Ko te mea matua - wha: ko te whakaminenga, te pato'iraa, te taonga, me te tukurua.

A tapiti faahou - ohie, me te tino whai hua, ringihia ia ki nga kupu noa te horopaki ohorere, homai tangi au maite, tauturu ki te tautuhi i te matua. Here, te tauira tino anōtia o te poka-mohiotia ruri o poraka katoa "Night, huarahi, rama, kēmihi ...", i reira te matua tikanga tito - tāruarua me te ngā - whakaatu circularity porohita o te ora, me te hoki te tamau ki te haere. Waihoki, i roto i te tuhi - etahi take auau tetahi whakapakoko o te hua whakaaturia i roto i te leitmotifs ranei e tomo ratou me e e tapatahi. Hei tauira, te aranga o Raharuhi i roto i Dostoevsky ( "Crime me whiu"), ranei te whakapakoko o te whatitiri i Ostrovsky.

Whakapakari me te pato'iraa

Whakapakari i rua pōwhiri tata ki te tukurua, engari i reira he ake o te pānga i roto i te ari whakawhiti toi ngā ranei, kia rite ki nga wahi whakapakoko e te hunga rite ki te tuatahi ranei tīpakohia, e ki ia putanga hua mānukanuka aronganui kaipānui hou, me te hohoro whakakiia te pikitia imaged o nga wahi hou katoa, me whakapakoko kitea. pai rawa i roto i te fariiraa Gogol (whakaahuatanga Sobakevich Iraia te whare ranei). whakamahia Chekhov tenei tikanga i roto i te aamu "Te tangata i roto i te Case".

Ritenga te fariiraa e kore he pai, me te iti iho whai hua. Rerekē te kore - te huritua, te whakamahi o te rerekē whakapakoko. Ki te kaha nui raraunga kitea tikanga tito i roto i te rotarota. A haamana'o Lermontov, te wahi whakaheke nga uri whakakake o toto mangu te muri ki te toto tika o te rohi pehe rite shudders ia hohonu o te ngakau o ia kaipānui i taua āpitihana i. Ko te pato'iraa compositionally reira tata nga wahi katoa, ko reira mahuinga: te tupuhi, me te marino ( "Sail" Lermontov), Onegin ko Lensky. Te kore rerekē e kore ko te mema o tetahi hua kotahi, ahakoa nga ngā whiti, ahakoa tuhi, nau mai tenei kaha , me te ngangahau.

Contamination me te tāuta

Ko tēnei uniana o nga tikanga e rua - rerekē me te tukurua. Ko te kupu whiwhi reira pānga tino kaha - mōhinuhinu hanganga. whakamāoritanga paru rite te ranu, na te reira māmā ki te mahara te ingoa o te pūrere tito e fakatahai te uara o neke rerekē. korerotia mo'oni he whakaata tata tangohia, no te tito, engari ki te uara tauutuutu. Te mahara: Tatiana ko Onegin scene riria ki Tatiana i te timatanga me te scene i waenganui Onegin ko Tatiana ki te whakatuma Onegin - i te mutunga o te pukapuka. Mirror hanganga - he taputapu rawa toa, me te kaha.

Tāutanga - Reception matatini ake, lhianga tamata ki te ite i, engari te wahi patu. A, no te tai'oraa, Heoi, mana'o te reira rite te whakakitenga, ahakoa tino te kaituhi o te whakaaro rawa roa, ki te pūrere tito tīpako, kohikohi panga, neke i te taha rerekē whakapakoko e rua i te taha kia taua whanau ratou tata i te tuatoru, he tikanga hou. Hei tauira, Pavel Petrovich, he aristocrat e kua runga i te tepu, ko te ipu pungarehu hiriwa i roto i te puka o Lapot. Silver. Bast. Tatou i teie nei e matau katoa e pā ana ki te rangatira Pavel Petrovich roto i taupatupatu, haaputuhia e te Turgenev, e whakamahia whakairo nga taputapu hiato.

Techniques me o ratou taumata

Ko te hanganga mahi tikanga katoa whakamahia ki te mahi tetahi o e rua ngā mahi rerekē. whakaritea te fariiraa hiato te wahi motuhake o te kuputuhi - te taumata-moroiti, ranei te kuputuhi katoa rite te parau tumu o te hanganga - ko te taumata tonotono. I korerotia i roto i te kuputuhi wahi irava motuhake maha whakamahi taua ara rite anaphora (tangata whakahaere) me pehepehe (irava tangi faahiti i te pito).

Reception taonga i roto i te tuhi te nuinga o maha hāngai i te taumata moroiti, i roto i te whakaahuatanga o te ahanoa tītohunga ranei, pera i roto i te rotarota, ko te ara nui ki te hanga i te kotahitanga noa o te hanganga. Ka rite ki te tauira e taea e tatou e haamana'o maau a Pushkin "te peropheta" (a tuhituhi Rimsky-Korsakov te waiata kia pai hoki ia e te fariiraa taonga e taea te ara titiro ki te pa ki). Whakapuru hoki ētahi wā riro te taumata tonotono me ngā te hanganga o te mahi katoa, ara rawa karapotia, pērā i, mo te tauira, Pushkina ( "Boris Godunov") ranei Bulgakov ( "E te Kaiwhakaako, me Margarita").

tikanga o te hanga toi me ngā pānga

Huihui, me te amplification pato'iraa me te auau - tetahi o nga tikanga o te hanga toi faufaa, a kahore taketake anake, ka taea e te whakawhānui i tona uara ki te parau tumu o te hanganga. Otiia i te ngakau o ia o teie mau parau tumu takoto matua ki te pānga. Kore, he aha te take katoa ki nga tikanga o te hanga toi, ki te kia haapoto ahau te kōrero i runga i te pūtake o te whaiaronga waea.

He aha tinihanga tito tāpiri ki te hua o te pānga? Hei tauira, ki te ka tīmata te mahi i te timatanga o te hui, me te hurihia - i te raro, āta hanga ake i roto i te wāhanga i muri, a puta te wahi o te wā whakamārama nga pūtake o ngā. Tenei hanganga whakamuri pera-ka karanga, he tikanga rawa ngā ( "He aha?" Chernyshevsky). A ki te mea te mau irava toutou rite te hanga ruri whakaahuatanga ranei e toro i te timatanga me te mutunga o te mahi, te hanganga kati whakakai, a ka tenei tikanga e huaina - te hanganga waihanga ranei anga annular. Whakamahia rawa maha i roto i te irava, a i roto i te tuhi.

image toi

image toi - he kaiwhakahaere nui o te hanganga. Gogol, mo te tauira, i te miro whero i roto i te pehepehe katoa "Dead Laumālié," he whakapakoko o te ara, i mahi rite te mārama kaupapa o te kōrero: ko te ara ki te pa o te nn, i reira te ara ki Manilovka, te ara ki te pouaka e te ara ki te wharekai ki te reira Nozdryov ara ki Nozdryov, ara i runga i - i te kāinga ki te te kāinga. Na oti utu rawa Gogol. Na, ko te huānga hanganga-hanga tenei.

Hoki, ka taea e te hanga i te kaituhi huānga whakahaere o te rongo, pērā i pūrākau o Pushkin "Eugene Onegin", kei hea he reira te pene tuatahi katoa. tikanga tito ko te hangarite o te wā, whakapakoko, kupu, me ngā kaupapa, domes, scenes - tetahi, a ka he ano hoki tenei parau tumu o te hanganga rawa rongonui pera tawhiti. Mō kua mea contamination me whaturama hiato, ka taea e anake tatou tāpiri e te nuinga o te muri ko nga kaituhi o tekitiwhi me mōrearea kōrero ki te whakarei ake i te patipati.

kaupapa

Ko hoki te reira i tikanga tino tito, ūkui te kaituhi ake tino mārama te hononga i waenganui i te hunga tautohe o te mahi tona whakapakoko pokapū ranei. meinga he tikanga taua te punake lyric.

Ko te raupapa o te kōrero, e whakaaroaro ana arorau, e whakawhanake ana i whakaaro ki te whakaaro, ārahi ki te mutunga whakamutunga rite, mo te tauira, i roto i te maha ngā whiti o Pushkin, Tiutchev, Mayakovsky, a huaina te hanganga o raupapa wahi raupapa - fariiraa.