SanPiN: te disinfection me sterilization o ngā hua hauora

I roto i Russia, ka nga pūtahi katoa whai wāhi i roto i ngā mahi hauora kia takoto ki te mahi kia rite ki paerewa pākaha, i roto i nei te wahi nui e disinfection tika, me te sterilization o ngā pūrere rata.

He aha ū ki te paerewa

I teie mahana, e rave rahi, ara tawhiti i te tangata rongoā haina i te wā pērā i te mate nosocomial. Kei roto i tēnei tetahi mate e whiwhi mate ranei te mea o tona kaikä ki te whare hauora, ngā kaimahi whakahaere ranei i roto i te mahi o ta ratou mau ohipa. E ai ki ngā tatauranga, i ngā hōhipera hāparapara te taumata o pōauautanga inflammatory i muri ngā mahi, kupenga o 12-16% i roto i te pōauautanga gynecological i muri i ngā mahi puta i roto i 11-14% o te wahine. I muri ui te hanganga o te tahumaero ka reira kitea e huaketo 7 ki te 14% o nga kohungahunga i roto i ngā hōhipera me mau paroita pediatric.

O te akoranga, e taea te kore kitea te tauira taua i roto i ngā pūtahi hauora katoa me he ti'aturi i runga i ngā āhuatanga maha o ratou nuinga pērā i te momo o te institution, āhua o te āwhina, te kaha o nga tikanga tuku o mate nosocomial, tona hanganga. Ki tenei whakamārama, tetahi o nga mehua kore-motuhake matua ki te ārai i te putanga me te tuku o te mate nosocomial ko te disinfection me sterilization o ngā pūrere rata.

tuhinga ture

I roto i tona mahi, kua arahina e te tūtohutanga tohutohu i roto i te ture e rave rahi whakaurunga hauora katoa. Ko te tuhinga taketake ko SanPin (disinfection me sterilization o ngā hua hauora reira i roto i te wāhanga motuhake). whakaaetia Latest whakahounga i roto i 2010. Ka whakarite hoki te mahi o ngā whakaurunga hauora ngā nga ture e whai ake.

1. tau Ture 52, i whakaaturia te haumarutanga tahumaero o te taupori.
2. № Order 408 (kakā viral) o 12.07.1984.
3. Nama Tono 720 (ki te aro mate nosocomial).
4. Tono i 03.09.1999, te (whanaketanga o disinfection).

Ko hoki OST "Sterilisation me disinfection o ngā pūrere rata» № 42-21-2-85 tetahi o nga tuhinga matua ture te tukatuka o taputapu paerewa. E E arahina ratou e hōhipera katoa.

I tua atu, i reira e he maha nui o aratohu (MU), te disinfection me te sterilization o ngā pūrere hauora i roto i i tirohia i te tirohanga o disinfectants rerekē mana mo tenei whakaaro. I teie mahana, e tika ana ki te meka e maha mana whakaaetia e apee. tikanga e hoki aratohu e tika ana te wāhi o te tuhinga ki runga nei i te mahi o ngā wāhi hauora i raro i hanga. Ki te rā, ngā te taputapu tukatuka paerewa o toru ngā wāhanga piritahi - disinfection, Ji me sterilization o ngā pūrere rata.

disinfection

i huaina disinfection ko te huinga o mehua rite ki te hua o nei e ngaro te tukumate i roto i te taonga taiao. Ēnei ngā mata (taiepa, papa, matapihi, taonga pakeke, taputapu mata), hua hauora (rinena, hokona, taputapu parukore), me te fluids tinana, wehe o tūroro, me te pera i runga i. D.

I roto i te tāutu i te puna o te mate kawea i roto i hui, i huaina "disinfection rahi." Ko tōna whāinga ko te ki te whakangaro whakakitea pokapū tika nga tukumate. Ko nga momo e whai ake nei o te disinfection ngahunga:

• o nāianei - e te kawea te reira i roto i roto i ngā hōhipera ki te ārai i te horapa o te mate;
• whakamutunga - tū i muri i taratahi te puna o te mate e, e ko te tangata e mate ana i falemahaki.

I tua atu, i reira he he disinfection taupā. E kawea ona mahi i roto i tonu, ahakoa o te puna o te mate. ngā ratou horoi ringa, horoi o nga papa e karapoti ana te whakamahi i āpiha he tāpiritanga bactericidal.

tikanga disinfection

Tei runga i te whāinga e whai ake nei ngā tikanga disinfection e whakamahia:

• Mechanical: Kei roto i tēnei mahi mīhini tika i runga i te kaupapa - horoi mākū, mirimiri atu ranei patoto-i roto i moenga - e kore e reira patua te tukumate, engari poto anake whakaiti ratou maha;
• Tinana: hihi katinga te rongo, pāmahana teitei iti ranei - i roto i tenei take i te whakangaromanga, ko te take i roto i te pū o te pāmahana, me te rongo wa;
• Matū: whakangaromanga o microorganisms pathogenic ki matū - toua, horoia ranei otinga ahanoa irrigation matū (te tikanga nui rawa mō me pai);
• koiora - i roto i tenei take i te whakamahi o te enemi o te moroiti e hiahiatia ana e te ki te whakangaro i te (te nuinga whakamahia i runga i teihana bacteriological motuhake);
• Ngā - fakatahai maha ngā tikanga o te disinfection.

OST "Sterilisation me disinfection o ngā pūrere hauora" 42-21-2-85 kerēme e haere i roto i te tukanga disinfection kia ahanoa me taputapu katoa ki i i te manawanui kua whakapā. I roto i te whakaurunga tiaki hauora mo te whakamahi o tinana ranei matū tikanga disinfection. Ki runga ki tona otinga, te hua, i runga i to ratou ūnga rānei, e atu tukatuka, hangarua ranei anō-whakamahia.

mua-oneone purea

Te disinfection me sterilization o ngā pūrere hauora mō mea maha ki te kia oneone whakarato ara me-horoi i mua, e tango te wahi i muri i te hua ringihia. Ko te whakaaro o tenei taahiraa ko te tango aunoa whakamutunga o toenga o te ngako me te paranga pūmua me te pharmaceuticals.

New SanPiN, te disinfection me te sterilization o ngā hua hauora whakaaro nei i roto i te taipitopito, whakarato hoki te wāhanga e whai ake nei o te PSO.

1. I roto i te 0.5 meneti horoia te hua kei te i raro i te wai rere ki te tango otinga te waipatu paru wäriu.
2. I roto i te waipiro horoi, mo te hanga o i whakamahia kaihoko whakaaetia anake, e haurangi hua ki rumaki tonu. I roto i taua take, ki te ngā ratou o te maha wahi o te hua me te wāwāhitanga, a kia tino e ki tonu nga kōwhao katoa i ki te otinga. Ki te te otinga pāmahana horoi 50º te rongo ko te 15 meneti.
3. I muri i te wā i ia hua mā te Ruff whāriki ranei whakapuru mō te horoi 0.5 meneti i roto i te otinga kotahi.
4. Rere hua waiopeope wai. Tei roanga waiopeope i runga i te kaihoko whakamahia ( "Astra", "Lotus" - 10 meneti "Progress" - 5 "Biolot" - 3).
5. Horoia i roto i te wai māturu hoki 30 hēkona.
6. Maroke i roto i te umu rangi whakamaroke wera.

No te faaineine i te otinga horoi whakamahia ko 5 g o CMC ( "Fakalakalaka", "Astra", "Lotus", "Biolot"), perhydrol 33% - 16 g, 27.5% ranei - 17 ko ano hoki tukua te whakamahi o te 6% (85 g ) me te 3% (170 g) o te hauwai, te wai te mв maitai - ki te 1 rita.

taputapu hou whakamahia mō te disinfection, ka taea ki te whakakotahi i te tukanga o te disinfection me PCP. I roto i tenei take, i muri i te rongo tika ki e apee. puritia te otinga te taputapu ershevanie me i runga i - te wāhanga o muri katoa o Ji.

mana kounga

JV, te disinfection me te sterilization o ngā pūrere hauora e kua peitatia mo'oni taahi i te taahiraa, e whakarongo nui ki te mana kounga o ia wāhanga o te tukatuka. Ki te mahi i tenei, whakahaere he mana tauira i roto i te ngaro o te hua toto tukinotia, me ētahi atu pūhui proteinaceous rite te pai kia rite ki te kounga o teretere horoi. Kei te waiho i raro Mana ki tetahi ōrau o te mea peratia.

tamataraa waipūhuitohukonu ki aromātai i te whānuitanga ki te e tino ki hua hopiwē kua nekehia, e kua whakamahia i presterilizing horoi. Hoki ona mahi i runga i te ūkuia tono te ki te maha iti o oti otinga waipūhuitohukonu 1%, a ka muru i te hua e hiahia ana ki te whakamātau. Ki te reira te mea he Whaitae māwhero, kiia iti te kounga o teretere horoi.

Te disinfection me sterilization o ngā pūrere hauora rapua e aroturuki i nga atamira, me tetahi atu tauira, e taea ai e koe te aromatawai pehea te pai kua kawea i roto i nga kaupae tuatahi - reira azopiramovaya tauira. aromatawai te reira i te aroaro ngaro ranei o te toto wäriu ki runga ki a ratou, me taero. Hoki e mau ana i roto i tona otinga azopirama hiahiatia tunua nei e taea te tiaki hoki 2 marama i roto i te pouaka whakamātao (i te pāmahana rūma, i mutua tenei wā ki te kotahi marama). e kore e te ke puputu'u 'o te kaiwhakahohe i te ngaro o te waipara pā tona kounga.

Hoki te tauira i mua noa ki e mau i roto i te azopirama tau taua, me te 3% hauwai waikuratei i whakauru, ka tono ki te whakamātau i runga i poke ia toto. Ko te ahua o te tae puru tohu e te kaimahi kaiwhakahohe - ka taea e koe te tīmata i te whakamātautau. Ki tenei kaiwhakahohe rite ūkuia makuku me te muru i te mata o te taputapu, me te taputapu. Ko te hua he takere tuwhera, whakanohoia he torutoru pata o te kaiwhakahohe te roto me i te mutunga o te 1 meneti, te arotake i te hua, te aufauraa i tokanga makehe ki te hononga. I roto i te kaupapa e reira ko he tae puru, āta tahuri ki te tae māwhero-lilac, te kimi i te aroaro o te toto. tae hāurakaho tohu te aroaro o te waikura, me te papura - matū chlorinated.

Hoki te aro mātai tika o nga hua kia tango azopiramovoy tauira ki pūkete āhuatanga e rave rahi:

• whakaaro te tauira te pai anake, ki te reira ko poke i roto i te meneti tuatahi i muri i te tono o te kaiwhakahohe;
• Ka taea te whakamahi anake otinga mahi mo te rua haora tuatahi i muri i tunu;
• Me kia hua i te pāmahana rūma (i runga i te mata wera o te tauira e kore mōhiohio);
• ahakoa o nga hua o te hua i runga i nei horoia te tauira i ki te wai, me te ano i raro ki te purenga kawea predsteriztsionnoy.

I roto i te take o ngā hua pai i muri i te tauira i raro ano te puranga katoa ki te hua kino.

sterilization

Sterilization Ko te taahiraa whakamutunga i roto i te tukatuka o aua hua e te hunga i roto i te whakapā ki te mata marutanga o te mucosa toto ranei, me te taka injectable. Ko te kupu i reira ko te tino whakangaromanga o ngā momo katoa o microorganisms, e rua vegetative me te spore. A amo i te whawhe katoa kupu whakaritea taua taipitopito tuhinga normative MOH, hei tikanga. Sterilization me disinfection o ngā pūrere hauora hangaia i roto i runga i te pau o te whakatū hauora, me o ratou whakaaro. Puritia hua oneone, i runga i te mōkihi e taea i ra ki te ono marama rānei.

tikanga sterilization

He ahua rerekē i ia atu tikanga mo te disinfection me te sterilization o ngā pūrere rata. kawea sterilization i roto i te tikanga e whai ake nei:

• waiariki - rangi, korohū, glasperlenovy;
• matū - hau ranei i roto i rongoā o matū;
• wē pekerangi ranei;
• radiation.

I roto i te pūtahi hauora e te nuinga o steam, rangi, tikanga matū ranei. Ko te kupu he wāhanga faufaa o te tukanga sterilization ko te tauhi tupato o ngā āhuatanga i tohua (wa, pāmahana, pēhanga). tīpakohia Aratau te disinfection me sterilization o ngā pūrere hauora kei runga i te rauemi i hanga i nei te workpiece rānei.

tikanga rangi

Ko te kupu oneone hauora mea, whakaaro me ngā wāhanga o ngā pūrere i hanga o whakarewa, karaihe me te silicone rapa. I mua i te huringa sterilization te hua kia ata maroke.

Te ine mōrahi i te pāmahana i roto i tenei tikanga o te sterilization e kore e nui 3 ° C.

tikanga mamaoa

tikanga Steam Ko e whakamahia tawhiti te tino whānui, e tika ana ki te huringa poto, te taea o tona whakamahinga mō te whakahoromata oko i hanga o te wera rauemi tairongo (papanga, sutures me ranu, hua rapa, kirihou, taherapa). tutuki sterility i roto i tenei tikanga e mā te whakamahi i mamaoa tukua i raro i overpressure. puta tenei i roto i te sterilizer steam autoclave ranei.

Momo i roto i te tikanga whakahaere pēhanga whakaaetia ki te 2 kg / m² me te pāmahana - 1-2 °.

Glasperlenovaya sterilization

tautoko Hangarau pūtahi hauora i roto i nga tau tata nei, kua tino pai ake te ka tuhia tenei te i roto i te SP whakamutunga (disinfection me sterilization o ngā pūrere rata). New tikanga sterilization, kua whānui nei kua whakamahia i roto i ngā hōhipera - glasperlenovaya reira sterilization. Kei te rumakina te reira i roto i te taputapu wera i roto i te reo ki te 190 - 330 pirepire karāhe °. Ko te tukanga sterilization e meneti, a i muri i te taputapu he rite hoki te whakamahi. Ko te mate o tenei tikanga, ko te e taea te tiaki i te reira taputapu iti anake, na kua whakamahia reira matua i roto i tari niho.

Disinfection, horoi, sterilization o ngā pūrere hauora he āhuatanga faufaa i roto i te whakaurunga tiaki hauora hou. I ka kawea nga mahi katoa i roto i rite te pai, e kua tohutohu i roto i te ture whakaaetia e te Tāhuhu o Hauora, e whakawhirinaki i runga i te hauora o rua tūroro me ngā kaimahi hauora.