Styrene-butadiene rapa: āhuatanga me tono, te tātai

whakaaro Styrene-butadiene rapa te tetahi o nga kōwhiringa tino whakamahia o ngā rauemi polymeric. Ko reira e tika ana mo te hanga o potae me ētahi atu hua rapa ki te kounga tiketike.

Kei te hanga mea rauemi polymeric i ngā rauemi raw inexpensive, ka whakaaro tona tikanga ahumahi te ki kia wātea, he raupapa mārama o ngā mahi. Nāwai hua styrene-butadiene rapa he mahi pai, me te āhuatanga matū. Kei te whakaputaina te reira i roto i te moni nui, me te tukua e te kaiwhakanao i roto i te whānuitanga whanui.

rauemi Raw mō te hanga

Kia whakaaro tatou te hanga o rubbers styrene-butadiene. Ka rite ki tīpakohia he rauemi raw mo te rauemi polymeric te butadiene-1,3 ranei Arepa-methylstyrene. Mateuteu styrene-butadiene rapa e tikanga kumete whakaehunga copolymerization ranei. I roto i te tikanga tuarua e hanga e kumete rubbers butadiene-styrene.

polymerization whakaehunga

Kia pehea te Ko te fariiraa o te styrene butadiene rapa? Ko te tauhohenga tā te polymerization tahi o te styrene me butadiene i roto i te whakaehunga. whiwhi te hua whakamutunga te rite ki te hua o tenei pāhekoheko, ka karanga styrene butadiene rapa (SCS).

I tēnei wā i roto i te hanga ahumahi rapa motu e ngā taatou, te hua e hāngai ana waerau-o te matū.

Kia pehea te wehea rapa styrene-butadiene? Manufacturers whakahere nga kōwhiringa e whai ake nei:

• rubbers kore e nei i roto i hinu (SCS ZOARK);
• Rauemi ki te ōrau toharite o te hinu (SCM-ZOLRKM-15);
• ki te nui nui haere o te hinu (SCS ZODRKM-27);
• ki ngā āhuatanga uruhanga pai (SCS ZOARPD).

Pau o ngā ingoa

Ko te mati tuatahi i roto i nga ingoa korero te ihirangi ine o styrene i roto i te tiaki tuatahi, tīpakohia hoki te polymerization:

• "A" Ko tā te whakatinanatanga o te tukanga polymerization iti-pāmahana (kaua e neke atu i te rima nekehanga).
• "M" tohu e te mea te hinu, e kore styrene anake.
• Styrene-butadiene rapa ki te pukapuka "P" pā ana ki te whakahaere polymerization waho te aroaro o te regulator.
• "K" tohu te whakamahi i roto i te hanga o te rapa kaihokohoko nau emulsifier.
• Ko te reta "P" tohu te rauemi hua i roto i te aroaro o te ngako kai, waihanga waikawa tai e ko nga hua o te piti hāora wāhanga o paraffins kukū.

He aha faaite te rapa styrene-butadiene? Whiwhi i te reira te i runga i te tukanga polymerization, i te mea mōhio ki ngā ākonga kura ara nui, ngā ākonga i roto i ngā kura tuarua, me kareti.

Ko te kupu, mo te hanga kapu i roto i te ahumahi o rubbers whakamahia smolonapolnenny rapa styrene-butadiene, te tātai o e kore e rere ke i te waiwaro diene tikanga. I rubbers whakaputaina i runga i butadiene-styrene kapia, ātete tiketike ki abrasion aunoa, āhuatanga hiako-rite pai.

kawea tukanga polymerization whakaehunga i roto i roto i te tāutanga ahumahi motuhake. He aha faaite tenei rapa styrene-butadiene? Hoko mahi reira e te hangarau mārama, me te kï. Ko te roanga toharite o te tauhohenga matū ko te 12-15 haora. I muri i te otinga o te taherapa polymerization e hanga e, e kei āhua 30-35 ōrau o te taonga polymeric. Ka rite ki whakaurua te antioxidant kei roto i te taherapa haukura D.

Hua i rapa i te taherapa e electrolytes coagulation waikawa pungatara e roto i. Homai e mahi rite emulsifiers kanifolevoe hinu, me te hopi, hanga i runga i te pūtake o waikawa ngako waihanga, i roto i te tua ki te coagulation kitea hoki te hanganga o fatty acids i te pānga pai i runga i te āhuatanga hangarau o te hua oti.

Mā te tāpiri i hopi waikawa pungatara ae whakaputaia ketia ana ki te noa organic waikawa poroa taherapa coagulation me hanga e te rapa styrene butadiene. Tei Taupānga rauemi whakamutunga matamaha i runga i te momo o te hanga. Fele rapa Ko te noa rauemi raw i roto i te ahumahi matū.

Ko te hanganga o te rapa

He aha te hanganga he styrene-butadiene rapa? ngā āhuatanga ōkiko o te taonga i whakaritea e te peculiarities o tona hanganga. A, no te whiwhi i te waerau e ozotsionirovaniya waerau i hanga he hanganga kōhikohiko. E matapōkeretia nga wae waetahi rapa rāpoi ngota he puka branched.

Tata 80 ōrau o te wae i te whirihoranga trans, ka āhuatanga 20 anake ōrau e te cis-hanganga.

āhuatanga o

Kia tātari tatou te rapa styrene-butadiene. Āhuatanga o te taonga e pā ana ki tona taimaha rāpoi tiketike. I te toharite, he reira 150 000-400 000 rubbers hinu-ki tonu te hangarau hokohoko tā te kōwhiringa o ngā rauemi ki te taupū tiketike o te papatipu rāpoi-. taea taua he kōwhiringa ki te whakakore i te pā tōraro o te hinu i runga i te kounga rapa, e whakaora hoki o ngā āhuatanga tukatuka pai o te rapa te wā roa.

Ko taea ki te whiwhi i te ethylene butadiene-styrene rapa, pau mekameka tukanga whakamahi activators, emulsifiers, tauwehe, me ētahi atu matū wāhanga i roto i te tauhohe haere ki te hanganga rapa hua.

āhuatanga motuhake

Tohu i te rapa styrene-butadiene. E whakaatu ana te tātai o te taonga i te mea te reira ātete ki deformations aunoa, tukituki whakarewa. Hei whakapai ake i resistance matao, me te rapa elasticity heke i roto i te nui kai o styrene. rewa te waerau hua i roto i te penehīni, me whakarewa kakara.

He aha atu tu i roto i SBR? Ko te āhuatanga me te pā ana ki te waikawa hāngai, ketones, waiwaihā pūmau, haunga te polymer he hau pai, me te uruhanga wai. I roto i te para i te rapa, i reira he huringa nui hanganga e paa kino nga āhuatanga tinana, me te pūkaha o te rapa.

hāora waiariki i pāmahana o 125 ° C ai te whakaiti i roto i te pakeke me te whakangaromanga. hāora muri tā pānga polymer te hanga nui te hua i roto i tona rigidity.

Āhuatanga o te tono

Hei waihanga rapa hanganga whakamahia ko te rapa styrene butadiene. Āhuatanga, tono o tenei māngai piha waiwaro diene tino hāngai ki ngā āhuatanga o tona tātai hanganga.

Ko te aroaro o nga rōpū phenyl o te taha pānga o nui ake ātete ki te rongo ki te radiation rite whakaritea ki ētahi atu momo o ēnei waerau.

I roto i te titonga rapa e e meinga e hāngai ana i runga i butadiene-styrene rapa, pine iti, nui haere te na'ina'iraa i roto i calendering me te Tangohanga. Tenei kua pā tōraro i runga i te whakatinanatanga o ngā tukanga, me te i roto i te ruuruuraa (whakaminenga) reni rapa.

I roto i te iti-pāmahana taonga tukatuka rapa, kua karangatia e ratou "wera" rubbers.

momo o rubbers

Ngohengohe rubbers styrene-butadiene i iti taikaha iti-pāmahana, Heoi kahore ratou e pokepokea.

E hua pae Hard i roto i te moni iti na roto i te ngohengohe ratou ki mastication oxidative waiariki i roto i te hau i te pāmahana o e pā ana ki 1400 ° C mā te whakamahi i activators tukanga kinonga.

I roto i te vulcanizing, tahanga kau kaha kurut iti. A, no te whakaiti i te nui o styrene here i roto i te pūhui polymeric te heke resistance me te abrasion ātete, faarahi ātete ki te huka, nui haere elasticity.

Sazhenapolnennye (ki te waro pango), curatives rubbers butadiene-styrene i ngā tawhā waiariki pai o te ātete, me te mauroa, engari he ratou ahua iho i roto i te elasticity me te ātete deformation o rubbers tikanga. curatives whai hua i ātete atu ki hāngai, ka diluted waikawa, waipiro, kawakore, hākawa. Te whakarewa rapa pupuhi ratou.

Katoa o nga waerau hua whakamahia i roto i te hanga o potae, hanga he momo o tuhinga kore-whakarewa, ka whakarewa. Hei tauira, o e hanga butadiene-styrene whitiki rapa nekeneke mo te rakau production, hua hu rapa. I roto i te hononga ki nui haere ātete radiation e whakamahia enei rubbers i te hanga o te rapa he ātete tino arotau ki te kama.

Hoki production o ngā hua i tua atu i ngā āhuatanga pai i maia, whakamahia te feedstock, i ngā te ihirangi styrene iti.

Ngā āhuatanga o te rubbers styrene-butadiene, otinga polymerization

I roto i te ahumahi kāinga whakaritea hanga o rubbers styrene-butadiene otinga polymerization he ihirangi styrene rerekē:

• SBR-10.
• SBR-25.
• SBR-18.
• SBR-50.
• 25E-ROSC (kua whakarei āhuatanga uruhanga).

I te hoko i reira he rapa, e ngā microblocks styrene kakara, te tikanga mo te tukatuka i te werohia.

I tua atu, i reira he otinga rapa polymerization hinu-tonu, e i roto ake ki te 27% te hinu. Nā ki te polymerization otinga i roto i te aroaro o kaiwhakakökï organolithium hanga tawhā taketake te whakarite o te hanganga rāpoi:

• mekameka Pekanga;
• taimaha rāpoi;
• macrostructure.

whakaaro nga āhuatanga motuhake o enei rubbers te nui aroaro o te waerau (ki runga, ki te 98%), te nui iti o poke. Ko te waerau i te hanganga rārangi i roto i rite ki te whakaehunga rubbers styrene-butadiene.

Kua riro rauemi Polymeric he ukanga tiketike, kakahu ātete, ātete matao, nui haere ātete ki te hangai. Kia mōhio hoki te manawanui hihiri tiketike o enei rauemi. I te na'ina'iraa o raro to ratou he pokey Mooney nui mai i te macromolecule te hanganga rārangi, e taea te ki i te maha nui o ngarahu (waro pango) me hinu waho pēhia huri i te āhuatanga pūkaha me te tinana o vulcanizates.

Kei reira ētahi painga hangarau i roto i te hanga o te rapa kumete i roto i rite ki kōwhiringa whakaehunga, engari he rota atu whakaritenga i runga i te viivii ore o te waetahi e whakamahia ana. rubbers otinga polymerization whakamahia i roto i te ahumahi tupare, hoki te hanga whitiki nekeneke kaha, kapu hu, ngongo rapa, rapa wahi maha. whakaaro nga wāhanga tuatahi mo te hanga o ngā rauemi polymeric o tenei momo te styrene me 1,3-Buada. Rubbers whiwhi i te otinga whakaehunga copolymerization ranei.

I roto i te ahumahi hou ko te hanga e kore anake o te hangarau rapa-tonu kore, engari te hanga whakarite ano o waerau e he hakari i te hanganga o te kāpia, waro pango, te hinu. I roto i te rauemi polymeric whakaputaina i te hautanga o te styrene kaute butadiene rapa mō neke atu i te hawhe te kaha production.

Ko te take hoki tenei tauine ko te homogeneity tiketike o nga āhuatanga tinana, me te matū o te hua hangaia, te wātea o te waetahi tīmatanga (styrene me butadiene), me he aho production whakapumautia.

papatipu nui o styrene butadiene rapa i roto i te hanga hou i whiwhi e te whakaehunga copolymerization o styrene me butadiene.

Whakarōpū o rapa i roto i te hanganga

Homai nga tikanga o te polymerization me hanganga o nga wae e whakamahia ana whakaritea hanga o rubbers styrene-butadiene, e he rerekē i roto i te hanganga me te āhuatanga. Whakaaetia tauanga, tohatoha kōhikohiko o ngā waeine hanganga o te styrene me butadiene i roto i te macromolecule.

Ka rite ki te pāmahana heke i reira he he hekenga i roto i te ihirangi ine o iti hautau taimaha rāpoi hanga rapa. I tua atu, i reira ko te whakaiti o te Pekanga hanganga, hua i roto i te hanganga polymer auau, e pai pā te āhuatanga hangarau me te whakahaere o te hua oti.

I roto i te whanaketanga o te te hanga kāinga o rauemi waihanga i wāhi nui ki te whakatū i ngā rauemi butadiene-styrene hanga i te polymerization i te huarahi tuwhena. I reira, ki taua rauemi o te kounga tiketike, me te i te utu utu hua otaota o Krasnoyarsk, Omsk, Togliatti, Sterlitamak, Voronezh.

Āhuatanga hangarau

Ka taea te whiwhi he waerau he etahi tawhā, ki te hiahiatia. Hei tauira, ki te taimaha rāpoi toharite homai whakaritea nei rite te polymerization mā te tāpiri tauwehe ahei o te whakawhitiwhiti i te tuku mekameka. Ka rite ki kite nga tauwehe ihirangi ine hekenga i roto i te taimaha o te waerau rāpoi.

He aha kia i titiro rite emulsifiers, e tika ana mo te hanga o ngā rare pūmau o te waetahi, a ki te whakaputa i ngā hua whakamutunga o polymerization, nga latices? Ko te wāhanga matū matua whakaaro pāhare pāporo konutai ranei tai o fatty waikawa waihanga, hydrogenated kaihokohoko nau me tai alkisulfonatov.

A, no te tīpako kaihokohoko nau te tuatahi i raro i te reira ki te maimoatanga motuhake. I roto i te tukanga disproportionation ka te whakakōkī (palladium), riro te reira i te āhuatanga e hiahiatia ana mo te rubbers tukanga mekameka.

production Spefitsika

Hoki copolymerization te whakamahi i polymerizer pākahiko. I roto i te faaineineraa i te whakakotahitanga he whakauru, me te i mua i-te pure styrene maroke, butadiene, te whakarewa (kia mau ai ki he huriowaro) i roto i te ōwehenga o 5/1. Kei te whangai atu wāhanga o te feedstock tuatahi ki te orifices whakaranu mō kounga paraoa. I reira whakahaua te ranunga ki te purenga matū pai o ngā poke iti.

Ko te taputapu kaimahi pūhui organolithium titer i te 25 ° C mō te 20 meneti. whakaritea te tohu o te purenga e te ranunga tae. Ki te kahore he poke, i te ranunga o te tae paku parauri. I mua ki te polymerization, i konatunatua ki te puranga e ki te whakakōkī, tāpiritanga neke.

kawea te tukanga i roto i roto i te pūhiko, e ngā o toru taputapu paerewa, i ngā pou kai te tiaki. te tiaki i te pāmahana i roto i te polymerizer e i roto i te whānuitanga o i 50 ki te 80 ° C. Ko te roanga toharite o katoa o te tukanga matū ko te 6 haora.

mutunga

I roto i nga poi o te ora, me te mahi o te iwi te whakatau rauemi wā, e hāngai ana ki styrene-butadiene rapa. Tuatahi o te katoa, mōhio tatou te hanga o kapu hu rapa, potae rapa automotive, he momo o te ngongo kari.

Kei te whānui nga copolymers matapōkere o styrene me butadiene whakamahia i roto i te hanga o ngā rauemi tuuraa i hiko, hua ngā mo te ahumahi automotive, tae atu i te hanganga o potae-kounga tiketike. hangarau auaha e whakamahi ngä matatau o rubbers styrene-butadiene, tukua ki a ratou te hanga i ngā hua ki hiahiatia tawhā tinana, me te matū, e hiahiatia ana āhuatanga mahi.

I roto i te āhuatanga o tenei hanga tuhipoka tono o kaiwhakakökï kounga tiketike. Tei runga i te hanganga o te rubbers synthesized tino rerekē te wā tukanga o ratou hanga me te utu hopea o ngā hua hangaia e hāngai ana i runga i rapa rapa.