Tama'i Gangut: whakaahuatanga, hītori, rangatira, me meka ngā

Tama'i "Hanko" tahi ki 3 kaipuke o tenei raupapa whakatakotoria i runga i 16.06.1909 Admiralty wāhi hanga. ko te timatanga o te anō o te kaipuke Russian tenei. I tū te whakarewatanga 24.09.1911, roa tona mutunga 2 tau. I roto i te 1913, i haere ia i te whakamātautau, whakaaetanga, me i Hakihea 1914 piri te 1 Brigade o tama'ii o te Baltic Fleet.

MURI hanga o kaipuke hou

Ko te hiahiatanga mo te hanganga o tama'ii wha o te Moana Baltic, tae atu i te tama'i "Hanko," ko te hinga oti o te Russian Empire i roto i te pakanga Russian-Japanese o 1905. Ko te ati o Tsushima hoatu te aroaro o Nicholas II me te Kawanatanga o te Russian Empire, e rua nga mahi tino nui e hiahiatia ana ki te whakatutuki wawe:

• backwardness tonu o te kaipuke Russian i roto i rite ki ētahi atu āhua capitalist.
• pūnaha mana taurite kore tino nga hiahia me ngā whāinga o te cadre whakangungu e i hiahiatia ki te whakatutuki i te raruraru o te whare, me te hanganga o te kaipuke.

Ko te take i kore te matenga o nga ope manuao o te Russian Empire i ite admirals nei e mōhio ki te hiahia te pēhi o te kaipuke, ko te kore te otirā, strategists kore ite me tacticians, ko Admiral-General, nei whakaritea te emepera he mema o te whānau o te emepaea. kaiwhakahaere whānui kaiāwhina o te Admiral ko te tari manuao.

hoatu faaotiraa faufaa katoa me whakahau o te Navy ia Hiha, e matau i roto i te hōia nohinohi, rawa i roto i te moana. kihai i te āhua nui te whakaako hōia, i pai i roto i te whanaketanga o ngā hōtaka kaipuke-hanga, me ngā whakaritenga hangarau mo te hanga o kaipuke, me te taputapu manuao.

haere mai te reira i raro ki te meka e kore i whai Russia nga marae e kore e anake ki te haere ki te moana, - tata tetahi mea ki te tiaki i te rohe.

hōtaka te pahi

Kua whakawhanakehia e rua hōtaka iti, kia rite ki nei i roto i te wa poto ki te kia hanga hoki te Baltic me Black Moana Munuwao o waka hou. ko ki te hanga i te kaipuke 4 Ko e tika ana hoki te moana Baltic, tae atu i te tama'i "Hanko", 3 mua me te kaipuke whaea mo ratou mahi.

Hoki te kaipuke Moana Black i ki te hanga 14 kaiwhakamate me toru mua. Turkey, te kitenga i te āhuatanga i runga i te Moana Black, whakatau ki te hoko wawe 3 tama'ii hōu i roto i Ingarangi me Brazil. Na reira, kei te hanga tonu huringa me te whakaritea ki te hanga e toru momo rite o te kaipuke "Empress Maria", 9 kaipahua me "Pae" momo 6 mua.

E Māmaní ahau, 1914, e kore i tetahi o nga hōtaka i whakamana, ano, kihai i whakarewahia e kore te kaipuke kotahi.

kaipuke Rangatū, tae atu i te tama'i "Hanko"

i whakatakotoria katoa wha dreadnoughts mo te Baltic Fleet Series "Hanko" ki raro i roto i te ra kotahi, 6/16/1909, i te hanga kaipuke Admiralty. kawea ratou hanganga i roto i raro i te arata'iraa o Engineers Russian mātanga. Ko te kaituku matua he hinonga Russian. i ki Izhora, pū Haana - ki Obukhov, pū pourewa - ki Putilovsky me ngā wheketere whakarewa.

I roto i te Mahuru, whakarewahia ratou te, engari whakamahine me te otinga o tama'ii roa. Ai: otaota Russian i ki te whakawhanake i te hangarau hou ki i tāia ki ratou ki te uaua; umanga ke, i whakanohoia e whakahau mō te taputapu mō kaipuke, āta fakahohaasi me whakaroa deliveries. Ko te hua o te tangi te. i whakahau ano kaipuke Subquality i roto i Hakihea 1914, ka tu te nuinga o te whawhai i roto i nga rori, kahore te pupuhi i te pere kotahi.

kaipuke Whakaahuatanga

Kaupapa tama'ii, i roto i te meka, kua whakatu mo te tīmatanga o te rau tau rua tekau, engari i kore te wa e kore nga tikanga ki te kawe ia ratou ki te ngakau. Kua kore i whakamatauria reira i mua i te tuku o nga kaipuke, e pai tukua ki te whakatika i ngā hapa. Kua kua kawea ratou i te taha o nga heramana, ka taea tetahi mea e tika. i matekiri i te hua ki te whānuitanga e tu ana ratou kotahi huna me kaipuke puta noa i te whawhai i roto i nga rori.

Hoki āhuatanga dreadnoughts raraunga i te taha o te silhouette ohie: i te rahoraho o runga he aho tika, kei nga pourewa wha o te Waehere Civil i roto i te taumata i taua, e rua choppers me rua putorino. Kei te wehea te tinana katoa ki ma toru compartments hake bulkheads kaimono. E toru whakapaipai Armoured. whakaturia Tower pūhiko matua equidistantly whanaunga ki tetahi ki tetahi.

I roto i te wahi waenganui o te kaipuke, ko te tāutanga kōhua me te pūkaha. Kei tīma whare noho i roto i te kopere. I roto i te tuarongo - noho ruma nga rangatira ', urungi taputapu, te mana, ruma irirangi.

Ko te āhuatanga matua o "Hanko" tama'ii ko te hanganga me te whakamahinga o te pū. Here, hanga te mite kua Obukhov whakato, te hanga i te pū 52 ërä me tautooraa whakarewa wheketere whakapumautia trohorudiynaya tāutanga pourewa hou. Kotahi tekau ma rua 305 mm tere-pu, me te whānui kei i te tairanga koki 25 nekehanga rawa 23 km.

i tāutanga pourewa te taimaha o 773 taranata, a i rite rawa ki te ventilation me te whakawera. I raro i te taumaihi, ko te rokiroki o matā. E rua-pū plutongi nga repo 120-mirimita oku pū. Pupuhi matua me te ërä o aku i te mana whakamahi i te pūnaha Heusler 2 me te rangefinders whatu.

Huapai me ngā huakore

Ko te painga matua o te tama'i "Hanko" ko kore te pū, i roto i te maha tikanga pai ki analogues ke. ngā kaiaka Here te whakakorekore, me kai-o rua ngā tipu Russian - Obukhov me whakarewa.

Hoki te okiokinga, ka whakaurua mai te parau mau ohie - te ngoikore ki te whakamarie mo te tūturu, kahore he patu tetahi. Ko reira e pā ana ki te whakakotahi i patu kaha, patu te rapu, tere te rere tiketike, ngā Cruising nui. Reira tahi katoa i taea hoki tenei wa. Ko reira tika ki te mea patunga tapu te tahi mea ki te tiki ofi ange ki te hua e hiahiatia ana. meatia tenei te i te utu o te patu me te ora tikanga o te kaumoana. noho kino kaipuke Japanese anake.

Kua whakamatauria tētahi atu rerekētanga faufaa seakeeping rawa iti. Ko e taea ki te tango i runga i te poari nui wahie tika ki te meltdown catastrophic. whakapumautia e ia tenei fononga moana i roto i te 1929.

whawhai

Otiia, i te tama'i "Hanko" whai wāhi i roto i te whawhai o te Pakanga Tuatahi o te Ao. I roto i te Noema 1915, nga kau fakasio o te 1 Brigade, i raro i te ahua o tama'i "Petropavlovsk" me "Hanko" i roto i te rohe o te motu o Gotland i ki te tu atu i te 550 meneti.

I roto i te 1918, kua te whakawhitinga kua hanga tama'i i Helsingfors ki Kronstadt. I muri anō i roto i 1925, whakaingoatia e ia te "Oketopa Revolution". e ia wahi i roto i te Russo-Finnish War. I roto i te Patriotic nui awhina Leningrad. Tenei manuao, e, ahakoa ona huru tia ore, whakawhetai ki kaumoana Russian, me te Soviet me rangatira nei haere ara kororia.

Neke atu i te 47 tau o te taviniraa, te kaipuke o Russia, a ka - te Soviet Union, ke he rota o nga rangatira o te tama'i "Hanko". Hoki te wahi tino, te reira rangatira pai, kawea ake i roto i nga whakarerenga iho o te tāruru Russian. Hoki te mahi, i roto i 1944, whakawhiwhia te tama'i te Order o te Kara Whero.

Tama'i "Hanko" (1890): te hītori o te hanga

Tama'i "Hanko" - e kore e he anake te kaipuke i roto i te Russian Navy ki te taua ingoa. 4. He Kua huaina te kaipuke ingoa kororia kua meinga e te iho. Ia kaipuke he tahi ona ake iku'anga me whakaaro, engari ratou hononga he ingoa noa, me te hononga ki te kororia Russian Navy. homai Ingoa o te kaipuke e i roto i te honore o te Cape o Hanko, kei tata i te kūrae o Hanko, Finland, i oti te wikitoria tuatahi o te kaipuke Russian ki runga ki Swedish.

Armadillo "Hanko '(1890) ko te oko tuatoru ki te taua ingoa. I hanga reira hei wāhanga o te hōtaka te pahi-tau 20. E ai ki ngā tohunga, kihai i tino pai te hoahoa tama'i, a ko te rawakore, e arahina hopea ki te whakangaromanga o te kaipuke te kounga o te hanga. Ko tōna drawback matua - tiketike kikī,, Heoi, ko nei he kino ki te ahumahi te pahi Russian kore anake. Ko te raruraru tūpono me ētahi atu whenua tenei.

whakaturia tama'i Russian Imperial Fleet "Hanko" i i roto i St Petersburg i te hanga kaipuke Admiralty i roto i 1888. E rua tau i muri mai i hanga e ia tona uri ki te wai. oti te reira i roto i te 1894. I roto i te mahi i uru ia kikī o 600 tana, i arahina ki te hua i roto i te putunga me te heke i roto i te tere.

Ko te mate o te tama'i "Hanko"

Ki te puta tenei kaipuke kōrero tata pūngāwerewere, i arahina ki tona mate. I roto i te ngahuru 1896, rammed te tama'i te raro o te kaipuke i runga i te kamaka e tata arahina ki tona mate. ka e ia tona nekehanga ki Kronstadt, te wahi i hoatu e ia ki roto ki te ū mo hanga, i haere i raro i te te tirotiro o te rongonui Admiral Makarov SO I roto i te Hune 1897 ka mau ia wahi i roto i mahi rauhanga, hoki mai i nei rere ki toka ngaro â.

E ono haora te waka toa whawhai mo te ora o te kaipuke. Ko katoa ki te kahore he pai. Whakaorangia te kaipuke i taea ki te tika ana ki te takahi o pātaki tightness e i whakaaetia i roto i hanga. haere ana ia ki te raro, me te kei tonu i te hohonu o Vyborg Bay. O kihai i te waka i mate he tangata kotahi. Captain Tichotsky KM fakatāutaha ahau whakamatau nga kokonga e wātea ana o te kaipuke totohu, me muri anake te whakaaro e whakaorangia katoa, whakarerea a ia.

Kaiwhakaputa "Hanko". "Anga Midel" pepa Series

Kaipuke, rite iwi, i to ratou ake iku'anga. I roto i te tahi mau ko reira he ora roa tonu o whakaora me te kororia. Tuarua - he pukumahi, maite kawe atu ratou mahi. Tonu etahi - te hunga e whai ora poto engari kanapa. Hoki te hunga e e hiahia i roto i te aamu o te kaipuke, nga kaipuke, ratou whakarau, me te rawa whakaputa "Hanko" hua te raupapa o monograph tika "anga Midel", kua whakatapua ia take ki tetahi he raupapa o tuhi o kaipuke ki te tono mo te whaihanga ranei. Kua tae atu i te tuku kua rite e whakaputa whare "Hanko" - "Midel anga", "tama'i" Empress Maria "- tuhinga".

Battlecruiser "Hanko", pērā i te tama'i "Empress Maria" - ko te hōia, i nga pakanga e rua whakamutunga ao. Tona ora ngā, e pā ana ki te iwi nei i kawea mai kororia ki te kaipuke, te whare whakaputa "Hanko" i roto i te raupapa o monograph "Midel anga" ko te ruma whakatapua ki te tama'i "Hanko". ka tauturu i te drawings ngaio ki te mahi i te tauira me te pānui i ngā kōrero e pā ana ki te oko, me te ora o te iwi mo nei ko te kaipuke te kāinga me te teihana ohipa. Waihanga i te kaipuke ki a ratou ringa ake - he aha i taea e atu ngā? Ko te tauira o te tama'i "Hanko" i roto i te tauine o te 1: 350.

mutunga

He tonu o meka ngā te hītori o te kaipuke Russian. e mea he e te mate o te tama'i "Hanko" - pai, e reira kia kia ngā? Ehara i te hero rite te "Varyag" i patua e whawhai ana ki te hoariri. Otiia e kore e ko te take tenei. Ko he meka pouri, a, me te mea kia tangi reira hi'ohi'o, tenei haapiiraa, tangohia ngā whakaritenga whakakaha hoki kaipuke unsinkable i. Ko te tono o Admiral Makarov SO, e te whakamatauria nei bulkheads kaimono i roto i te ara hou, i ora i te oraraa o kaipuke maha i roto i tukinga. He feat tāupe rangatira 1 Tichotsky KM ko tona kapa, e 6 haora, tae atu i te po i te teelangó, i nga mea katoa ki te whakaora i te kaipuke, he tika o te karakiatia ana.