Tinana ahotea Mechanical - whakamāramatanga me te tātai Āhuatanga o Solids

I roto i te tauhohe o totoka ki āhuatanga taiao rerekē, e ara ai huringa - e rua ā, me te waho. Ko tētahi tauira ko te matatu puta i roto i te roto tinana. whakatau te reira i te tohu o ngā rerekētanga taea i roto i te take o te kino.

ngā ariā taketake i roto i te ahupūngao

ahotea Mechanical - he mehua o te kaha ā-o te ahanoa, e puta i raro i te mana o ngā āhuatanga. Hei tauira, ka he deformation i roto i nei e tamata i te ope waho ki te huri i te tūranga whanaunga o nga matūriki, me ā-- araia tenei tukanga, whāiti reira ki tetahi uara ngā. Ko te kupu, e nehenehe tatou e te mea e ahotea aunoa - ko reira he hopearaa tika o te ahotea i runga i te tinana.

Ka taea te tāutuhia e rua ngā momo matua o te ahotea:

1. Pūnoa - kua tono ki te rohe wae o te wāhanga ripeka noa ki a ia.
2. Pātapa - kua tono ki te wāhanga papa i te pātapa ki reira.

He fakakātoa 'o enei taumahatanga mahi i tetahi wāhi, ka karanga te kāwanatanga te ahotea i tenei wāhi.

Whanganga i roto i pascals (Pa) riaka: tātai tātaitanga kanohi te raro

Q = F / S,

Hea Q ahotea -Mechanical (Pa), F - kaha hangaia e te deformation roto te tinana (H), S - rohe (mm).

Āhuatanga o Solids

Totoka, rite etahi katoa, ngā o ngota, engari to ratou he hanganga rawa kaha e whakauaua te whakamamaetia deformation, i.e. rōrahi me te āhua noho tamau. Taua taonga i te maha o ngā āhuatanga ahurei e taea te wehea ki ngā rōpū matua e rua:

1. Tinana.
2. Chemical.

Hoki takitahi ngā te whai ake:

1. Mechanical - ako ratou ki te pānga hāngai i runga i te tinana. Ka taea te pēnei manahau ki enei āhuatanga, te fragility, kaha, arā, e pā ana katoa e te ki te kaha ki te pato'ii te deformation meinga e āhuatanga o waho.
2. Heat - ki te ako i te mana o te pāmahana rerekē i runga i te ahanoa. ngā ratou te roha i whakawera, waiariki kawe, kaha wera.
3. E pā ana ēnei āhuatanga ki te motini irahiko i roto i te tinana, me tona kaha ki te huihui ki te awa whakahau ka i raro ki āhuatanga o waho - hiko. Tauira - kawe ia hiko.
4. Optical - ako te whakamahi i fluxes marama. Ēnei āhuatanga ngā whakaata marama, mimititanga o te ttara marama.
5. Autō - whakaritea e te aroaro o taime autō i roto i te wāhanga tinana mārō. Hoki ratou, kia rite ki te pai kia rite ki hoki hiko, me te whakautu matūriki tōraro whakatupato e tika ana ki tona hanganga, me te etahi nekehanga.

Ko te āhuatanga matū ngā mea katoa e pā ana ki te tauhohenga ki te whai matū e tika ana, me ngā tukanga e tupu i roto i tenei. Tauira - piti hāora kinonga. Ko te hanganga o te wini whakakahokaho karaihe pā ana hoki ki enei āhuatanga ahanoa.

Ko reira taea hoki ki te tohatoha i te rōpū iti o ngā āhuatanga physicochemical. Kei roto i tēnei hunga e kua whakakitea e rua i roto i te mīhini, me te i roto i te puaretanga matū. Tauira - parariraa, i roto i nei huringa puta nga āhuatanga e rua i runga ake.