Founga o faaiteraa toi: te tauira i roto i te tuhinga

Tonu, reka, pai, me te kanapa reira pai horoa nga whakaaro, mau mana'o, me te aromatawai i te āhuatanga. No reira te angitu i roto i o koutou mau tautooraa katoa, me hanga he reira taputapu tika rawa o te taparuraa. Here whakaturia poto i roto i te mea te tikanga o te whakapuaki toi me te tangata ki te whakatutuki i te hua e hiahiatia ana i te ao i nga ra, me aha - ki te faaî i te täoro o kupu whakaputa i roto i te tuhinga.

reo expressiveness Motuhake

he kīanga reo - puka-waha, taea ki te kukume i te aro o te faaroo kaipānui ranei, ki te hanga i fakangalongata'a reira i te minamina ana, ahurei, singularity, ki te wehenga atu i te mua, me te rā, ko te.

Tenei mahi pai, i tetahi tikanga o te faaiteraa toi i roto i te tuhinga, hei tauira, kei te mohiotia zvukopis kupu whakarite, hyperbole, ei faahoho'araa, a he tokomaha etahi atu. Me rangatira koe te tikanga, me ngā tikanga motuhake i roto i ngā, rite te reo i roto i nga kupu me collocations.

tūranga nui takaro e te kupu, faahitiraa parau, wetereo me ngā āhuatanga ā. Katoa tikanga o whakapuaki toi i roto i te tuhinga mahi i ngā taumata katoa o te matatau.

mātauranga whakahua

Here te matua mea - zvukopis, he motuhake technique toi, e hāngai ana i runga i te hanganga o nga whakapakoko tangi i aua tangi. Ka taea e ara e koe te whakatau oro te-ao tūturu - te pekī, whiowhio, haruru, ua, me ētahi atu, i roto i te tikanga ki te tīmata feohi ki te mau mana'o, me whakaaro e hiahia ana koe ki te karanga i te faaroo kaipānui ranei. Ko te whāinga matua ki te kia tutuki e te tikanga o te faaiteraa toi tenei. Tauira o te onomatopoeia kei te nuinga o nga lyrics tuhituhi: konei he tino pai Balmont "Midnight i nga wa ...".

Tata ki te katoa nga kaitito o te hiriwa Age zvukopisi whakamahia. mahue rārangi Ataahua Lermontov, Pushkin, Boratynsky. ako hoki nga Symbolists ki karanga me te māna, ki ataata, me te ara olfactory, gustatory, ngā tūturu neke te whakaaro o te kaipānui ki te wheako etahi mana'o me kare.

E rua ngā momo matua, tino tino whakakite zvukopisnye tikanga o whakapuaki toi. Tauira poraka ko Andrei Bely, kei te maha whakamahia anake ratou assonance - tāruarua o te oropuare kotahi tangi rite ranei. Ko te momo tuarua - te alliteration, te maha i kitea kua i roto i Pushkin ko Tiutchev, - he tāruarua o orokati - ōrite rite ranei.

Vocabulary me te faahitiraa parau

Ko te tikanga tuatahi o te faaiteraa toi i roto i te tuhinga - ara e rahi atu faaite te āhuatanga ahanoa ranei, te whakamahi i te kupu i roto i to ratou tikanga taipe. Ko te momo matua o tropes: he whakarite, epithet, ei faahoho'araa, kupu whakarite, metonymy, synecdoche, periphrasis, hyperbole me litotes, korokë.

Haunga tropes, i reira he tikanga ohie, me te whai hua o te whakapuaki toi. tauira:

• kupu tauaro, taurite, homonyms, paronyms;
• kīwaha;
• kupu, peitatia stylistically, me ngā kupu, whakamahi iti.

Ko te tūemi whakamutunga ngā piua me hāngai, me ara kupu, e kore e manakohia i roto i te hapori tika. E ētahi wā te pato'iraa atu whai hua atu i tetahi tītaia: He aha e ma koe! - tamaiti, kauhoe i roto i te poka. marama taurite me te whakarei ake tika kupu. Kïwaha pai ki te meka e rongo i te kaiwhiwhi te waia, me te hohoro haere ki te whakapā. e kore e he tikanga tika o te faaiteraa toi enei ari reo. Tauira o kaua kore-motuhake, pai mo te mahi ngā, kuputuhi ranei, engari ka taea e tino tāpiri ki te kanapatanga o te whakapakoko, me te pānga i runga i te kaiwhiwhi. Ataahua me liveliness o korero whakawhirinaki katoa i runga i te aha te huru o taputapu mō te hanga faaiteraa toi whakamahia i roto i reira.

Na epithet whakatairite

Epithet - te tono te tua i roto i te Kariki ranei. Tohu faufaa āhuatanga nui i roto i tenei horopaki te whakamahi i tautuhinga āhua, e hāngai ana whakarite moe. Nuinga o ngā wā i tenei kupu āhua: mangu sedoe ata oto, me ētahi atu, engari kia waiho he epithet noun, tūkē, participle, tūpou, me tetahi atu wahi o te kupu. Ka taea e koe te wehe i te tītaia whakamahia i roto i te reo noa, motu copyrights whiti, me te takitahi tikanga o whakapuaki toi. Tauira o ngā momo e toru katoa: he puku ataahua, he tangata pai taitamariki, ahiahi mingimingi. Ka taea te wehea rerekē - fakaefakatātā, me te whakaputa: i roto i te kohu puru, po haurangi. Ko nga wehenga, o te akoranga, te tino herenga.

Whakatauritea - he whakarite o te tītohunga taua, ariā ahanoa ranei ki tetahi atu. E kore e ki te e raruraru ki te kupu whakarite te wahi ingoa whakawhiti, kia whakaritea kia whakahuatia e rua o te ahanoa, huanga, mahi, me ētahi atu Hei tauira: he tīrama rite te meteor. Ka taea e koe te whakarite i te whānuitanga o ngā huarahi.

• Instrumental (rere te taiohitanga Nightingale);
• kupu āhua whakatairite ranei tūkē (matomato kanohi te moana);
• uniana ki te, me te mea, etc. (Ngai'i I kararehe tatau);
• kupu, ano he, rite, me ētahi atu (Ko ou kanohi rite e rua kohu);
• rara whakataurite (koura rau kau i roto i te harotoroto, ano he kahui o ngā pūrerehua rere i runga i te whetu).

Kei te maha faaauraa kino whakamahia i roto i te iwi rotarota: E kore te he hoiho ... maha hanga runga kaitito i te rōrahi tika nui o te mahi, mā te whakamahi i tetahi Ko te tikanga o te kīanga toi. I roto i te tuhinga, ka taea te kite i nga waiata, mo te tauira, i roto i te whiti Koltsov, Tiutchev, raki, te tuhi a Gogol, Prishvina me te tini ke atu. I whakamahia te reira i te rota. Ko pea tenei te tikanga tino rapu-i muri i o whakapuaki toi. I roto i te tuhinga, ko reira reira mau vahi atoa. I tua atu, tavini te reira e rua kuputuhi pūtaiao me te publicity, ka korero ki te uaua taua, me te angitu.

Kupu whakarite me te whakatangatatanga

Tetahi atu rawa whānuitia whakamahia tikanga o whakapuaki toi i roto i te tuhinga - he kupu e te tikanga i roto i te Kariki - whakawhiti. whakamahia kupu rerenga ranei kei roto i te tikanga taipe. Ko te pūtake i konei ko te faitatau tino o ngā, ngā, mahi, me ētahi atu Rerekē fakafehoanaki ko atu kiato kupu whakarite. e arata'i anake, i whakaritea te reira ki tetahi ranei tetahi. Ka taea te hāngai faitatau i runga i te āhua, tae, rōrahi, ūnga, mana'o, me ētahi atu (He takawhīwhiwhi o ngā, te mura o te aroha, te moana o pukapuka, he kīkī taonga o te whiti). Ka taea te wehea whakarite ki noa (reo noa), me te toi: te ringa koura me nga whetu taimana oaoa). I roto i te ora ia rā kua me whakarite pūtaiao: te poka te pekerangi, te hau solar, me ētahi atu Ko te angitu o te korero, me te kaituhi o te kuputuhi tei runga i te mea tikanga o whakapuaki toi whakamahia.

Kind o halá, rite ki te kupu whakarite - te whakatinanatanga, ina e whakawhitia nga tohu o te hinonga ora ki ahanoa, ariā tītohunga o te natura ranei: takoto kohu hiamoe, hono kāpui 'ra ngahuru me pirau - iti maha faataatahia te faahoho'araa o tītohu tūturu e tupu rawa maha, te ao o ngā - kite Ann. "ko te vaiolini ka piko," Mayakovsky "Kapua i roto i tarau", Mamin-Siberian ki tona "kāinga kanohi pai-natured me hoa" me te ake. Ahakoa i roto i te ora ia rā e kore tatou e kite i te Avatar: te pūrere ta whakaora rangi, kua timata te ōhanga ki te neke, me ētahi atu Ko reira pea e reira he ara pai o te tikanga o te whakapuaki toi, kupu, peita atu karakara atu i te whakatinanatanga.

Metonymy me synecdoche

I roto i te metonymy Kariki tikanga whakaingoa, e ko, te ingoa whakawhiti te i ahanoa ki whakahe, i reira te turanga - contiguity. Tino pania te whakamahi kaikōrero tikanga o whakapuaki toi, rawa pērā i metonymy. Communication i runga i te parau tumu o te adjacency kia te whai ake:

• ihirangi me te te ihirangi: kai e toru mau api;
• kaituhi me mahi: riria Homer;
• mahi me tona patu: meake hoari, me te ahi;
• ahanoa me kaupapa rauemi: koura kai i runga i;
• wahi me kaiwhakaari: pa e ngangau.

Metonimija tikanga tautoko o te kupu kīanga toi, me tāpiri te reira mārama, tika, whakaahua, me te mārama, kahore epithet te papû. Mārire whakamahi i te reira, me nga kaituhi, me publicists, kua whakakiia ana ki te kupu kīwaha o hīkoi katoa o te ora.

I roto i te tahuri, te ahua o te metonymy -, rawa, e hāngai ana te faatanoraa i runga i te whakakapinga o te tikanga o tetahi tītohunga i runga i tetahi tikanga, engari kotahi anake parau tumu - - he synecdoche, i Kariki te hononga ine i waenga i te ari ahanoa ranei. Ka taea e Tākai kia rite whai:

• iti hoki te nui (taua namu manu, e kore tiger korero: inu he karaihe);
• wāhanga o te katoa (kore i Beard, e puku? Moscow whakaaetia aukati).

Haamahora i te haamahora ranei

Whakaahuatanga rerenga whakamārama ranei i roto i te Kariki - tahuri, kua whakamahia hei utu o kupu ngā o kupu ranei - he a'oraa. Hei tauira, i tuhituhi Pushkin "hanganga o Pita", me mohio katoa i faahiti ia ki St Petersburg. āhei te reira ia tatou ki te haamahora i te whai ake:

• ki te tautuhi i te āhuatanga matua o te ahanoa, e tohu tatou;
• karo tāruarua (tautology);
• mārama arotake whakaaturia;
• tāpiri kuputuhi pathos hanahana, pathos.

Paraphrases impermissible anake i roto i te kāhua pakihi, me te ōkawa, engari te kore i reira he nui. I roto i te kupu kīwaha maha coexists ki korokë, hanumi tahi enei tikanga e rua o te faaiteraa toi. taonga te reo Russian e te pūruatanga o tropes rerekē.

Hyperbole me litotes

faaiteraa taipe ki faarahiraa nui ki te huanga whakahe huanga, mahi, ngā ranei ranei - he hyperbole tenei (whakamaoritia Kariki te rite te faarahiraa). Litotes - i runga i te anga ke, ko te kōrero.

Kei te piri Fakakaukaú ki te āhua rerekē, tae kanapa aronganui, aromatawai pono. Ngā pai te āwhina waihanga whakapakoko pukuhohe. Whakamahia i roto i te rīpoata hei tikanga faufaa o te faaiteraa toi. I roto i te tuhinga, kahore enei tropes rawa, e kore e taea te mahi: manu onge ka rere Gogol anake ki te waenganui o te Dnieper; pāpapa kōpure iti Krylov me te rota taua o tata mahi katoa o tetahi kaituhi.

Taunu me te hanihani

I roto i Kariki pā tenei kupu ki te wawetia e he rite ki te whakamahi o te huarahi. He aha e E hiahiatia ana te tikanga o te kīanga toi mō te manuki? Me Tauākī te ritenga atu o tona tikanga tikanga i te mea e he aromatawai pai e hipoki mea pohehe: tupato upoko - he tono ki te kaihe i roto i te fabula Krylov tauira. "Hero Unsinkable" - te taunu whakamahia i roto i te anga o te nūpepa, i maha hoatu tohu pikorua taiapa ranei. Utauta mō te hanga faaiteraa toi e kore e ruha reira. Kia pehea te korokē i roto i te tino - riri, hākiki - rawa hanihani maha whakamahia: te taa i waenganui i te faaite, ka fakahu'unga, rite pai rite te puaretanga āta o fakahu'unga. E tohu tangata, tuu ia koi - tona ringaringa: e ahau te tikanga tautohe e pā ana ki te reka o tio me niu anake ki te hunga e kai ratou (Zhvanetskiy). Hātepe hanihani Ko te mekameka o ngā mahi: he āhuatanga kino faatupu i te riri, me te inoino, ka tae mai te tauhohenga - te tohu whakamutunga o te maia aronganui: poaka pai-whangai wuruhi hiakai e wehingia ana. Heoi, e hiahia ana koe ki te whakamahi i hanihani rite mihio rite taea. A ehara i te mea maha, ki te kahore te mea te kaituhi he satirist ngaio. whakaaro maha hanihani Media ratou mātau atu i ētahi atu. Heoi, tetahi o te satirist kihai i mahi ki te tiki i te aroha putanga. Ia ko tona ahua whakawhirinaki i runga i te mea tikanga o whakapuaki toi e whakamahia ana i roto i te aro mātai i kuputuhi tonu. Hanihani - he patu devastatingly kaha.

tikanga kore-haumaru o te kupu reo

Homai he subtlest kupu onäianei aronganui me te whakapuaki i te tauturu faaauhia. Hei tauira, ka taea e koe te whakamahi i te kupu "iwi" hei utu o "oma" mo nui mana ngangahau. A hoki e kore noa ia:

• haamaramaramaraa i te whakaaro, me te whakawhiti o te atarangi pai o te tikanga;
• aro mātai o te ōwehenga atahanga me manatārua;
• hua kaha i roto i te faaiteraa;
• whākinga hohonu o te whakapakoko.

Ko reira ano hoki he tikanga pai o te faaiteraa e hoki te kupu tauaro. whakamārama ratou te whakaaro, te tākaro i runga i rerekē, atu kakato tohu tetahi tetahi tītohunga ranei: pepa mōhinuhinu hoki te tukurua waipuke me te pakiwaitara tūturu - awa. Mai i kupu tauaro whānui reira e tupu ui whakaaetanga o pukapuka - te huritua.

He maha kaituhi, a tika mōhio-toe pai ki te tākaro ki nga kupu, coinciding i roto i te tangi, me te ara i roto i te tuhituhi, engari e whai atu tikanga: he taata uaua, me te whakamatao i te wai e koropupu me pari; paraoa me flours; E toru Entries a toru wahi āta. Na te talanoa: Whakarongo rangatira? Ko tino, whakawhetai koe ... ka pupuhi. homonyms reira, homographs, me homophones.

Kei te maha nga kupu e te hunga rite i roto i te takikupu me te tangi, engari i tikanga tino rerekē, rawa, whakamahia rite puns me whai mana expressive rawaka ki te whakamahi deft. History - tangi; Maitre - mirimita, me ētahi atu

Me kï reira e kore e nga tikanga matua o te whakapuaki toi enei, rite taurite, kupu tauaro, me homonyms paronyms, e pā ana me te kāhua pakihi kahore e whakamahia.

kïwaha

Te kore - he kïwaha e he rite kīanga faahitiraa parau, rawa, tāpiri te korero kaituhi ranei aravihi. whakaahua pūrākau, tiketike korero ki te aro mātai, whakaputa rānei - pai kino ranei (parai iti me te aporo o te kanohi, kaki lather me te hoari o Damoclès) - haapuai, pania kuputuhi mahino pohewa tenei katoa. Tote o faahitiraa parau - te rōpū motuhake - kōrero. whakaaro hohonu i roto i te putanga poto. Easy ki te mahara. Pinepine whakamahia, me ētahi atu tikanga o te whakapuaki, i roto i te kuputuhi tuhituhi. kia hoki tenei ngā whakatauki me kupu.