GAZ-12 ngā me ngā pikitia

whakaputaina te motokā Soviet-piha tuatahi GAZ-12 (ZIM) i roto i te awheawhe o te Gorky Automobile Plant i te wā i 1949 ki te tau 1959. Kei te hangaia te mīhini mō te whakamahi ā-ngā mema anake o te kāwanatanga, te feia faatere matua rōpū.

kaupapa

Whanaketanga tauira GAZ-12 kawea i roto i roto i te wa poto, i reira ko kahore he wa ki te hanga i tētahi whare hou i waho te tawhā o te mīhini, na te pūtake mo te American ka mau te "Buick" tuku i roto i 1948. Tāruatia te waho kihai i whakamahia anake te fokotu'utu'u taketake.

āhuatanga hangarau

hanga Body GAZ-12 kihai i anga te haruru, katoa-whakarewa, wehea te. Ka rite ki te huānga tinana motuhake whakamahia anake te iti-kōwae, e kua eke i roto i te raro o te bulkhead tutaki. Me mea e ahau e kua riro te pokapū hoahoa o te tipu, he mōrea etahi, tango rite te frameless pūtake, rite te motokā e ono-Seater ki toru nga rarangi o tūru tikanga kararehe herea o pakeke haere te roa o e taea whakarato anake te hanganga anga kaha o te teihana.

Heoi, i whakaritea e nga mea katoa te ara pai: kua hanga te supply tika o te pakeke e tika ana ki te wāhanga paiherea hauroki kei puta noa te manureva papa waka. Ko te kupu i reira taea ki te whakaiti i te tapeke taimaha tinana, kahore te ngaronga o te kaha whakarea.

Otiia i roto i te akoranga o te mahi o ngā waka ki te tinana GAZ-M-12 ka tāutuhia hē nui meinga e mate o rigidity o huānga amo. Whakangoikoretia hanganga kaha e tika ana ki pikaunga wiri tamau, me te te ahotea meinga e te nekeneke i o te mīhini i roto i te manureva wä roa. Ka rite ki te hua o te kōwhiringa frameless o te tinana i ki kia mahue.

whakakotahitanga

I te tīmatanga, ko te GAZ-12 huihui e te ringa, i te faaineineraa i tuhinga i runga i te tukanga nekeneke rangatū. hanga production Mass o te motokā i taea e te nui rawa o te harmonization, i te taha o etahi mehua tae 50 ōrau. i tono maha wāhanga me hahi i te tauira o "toa te M-20", GAZ-51 taraka, me te i muri mai - GAZ-53-12, i taua wa i nei i roto i te whanaketanga.

mana te tipu

I runga i te motokā tāuta ake mua-11 engine ki te mahi kaha rango 3485 cc. cm, 90 hp, i runga ki te 120 kiromita ia haora whakawhanakehia mua-12 auau.

Ko te āhuatanga pūkaha o te wae kaha:

• momo o te penehīni;
• maha o ngā ipurau - 6;
• Hahau - 110 mm;
• diameter puoto - 82 mm;
• ōwehenga kōpeketanga - 6.7;
• kai - Carburetor K-21;
• meangiti wai;
• kohi penehīni i roto i te aratau whakauru - 19 rita ia 100 km;
• wahie Manakohia - penehīni A70, A72.

te tuku

I rite rawa te motokā GAZ-12 ki te tuku ā-ringa ki te āhuatanga e whai ake nei:

• momo - tukutahi hydromechanical;
• maha o terenga - 3;
• nihowhiti - rua helical;
• Whakahaere - puku hua whakawhitinga aunoa.

waho

raraunga waho o te waka tutaki nga whakaritenga o te wa, ka moremorea nga takiwa o te tinana, hanga whakawhitinga maeneene he ongo o tapatahi o te hanganga. Ko te au e i aru e kaiwhakanao US katoa o waka pāhihi, ko kahore okotahi me ZIM. GAZ-12 ko te motokā tuatahi maha-piha, a, o te akoranga, ko te motokā te puna o whakapehapeha rite nga kaihanga, me aua iwi mo nei i te tikanga i te reira.

whai wāhi te motokā i roto i te whakaaturanga mea hakari katoa, faaite i te Center Exhibition, i roto i te teneti, "te ahumahi automotive o te USSR." Ahakoa te "pihi rino" e vai i te wa i waenganui i te whenua o nga Sovietí me nga whenua Western, te GAZ-12 i kaweake noa atu hoki whakaatu i te motokā whakaatu i roto i Berlin, Madrid ko Paris.

roto

whakapaipai roto limousine Soviet i roto i runga i te ariā o te papai e wā. hipoki wāhanga whakarewa katoa i roto i te piha i ki te tauira whakapaipai me ngā momo tino faufaa o te rakau kua tapiritia he ongo o papai. Ko te papa i roto i te motokā i te hipoki tino ki whariki, i whai wāhi ki te mātao haruru tata oti.

E ai ki te taumata o te papai i roto i te whakapaipai roto o te tauira 12-th pai ki ona zis-110 kāwanatanga anake, e kore kua i whakahaere ranei i roto i te taxi ranei i roto i te waka tūroro, ka i whakaaro te ahumahi pāhihi motokā matua i roto i te USSR.

Hoko waka i roto i te ringa tūmataiti

GAZ-12 ko te motokā tuatahi, me te whakamutunga o te piha haapiiraa māngai, e taea te hokona i te tauhokohoko. Ko te utu o te motokā tae noa ki 1961 i 40 000 moni. I taua wa ko reira he rota o te moni, ina whakaaro koe e te toharite utu o te kore e nui ake i te tangata Soviet 650 moni. Papai motokā "Victory M-20" utu 16,000 moni, me "Moskvich-401" - iwa mano. Ko te kupu, ko te rārangi hoki ZIMom kore kapi ake, engari i puritia pūtaiao, me te tino o te toi tenei motokā.

I roto i te tīmatanga o nga hitu ahuru, i reira ko he whakakorenga papatipu o GAZ-12 i pūtahi kāwanatanga. Kua riro ēnei waka rangatira tūmataiti kore i taea e te tangata e hoko i te hou "Lada", i te utu e pā ana ki e rima mano.

Ka taea te kitea i teie mahana i roto i rerekē ZIM, ētahi wā te wahi tino ohorere. I te tahi mau mīhini he engines o taraka, he reira tuku feruri me katoa o tikanga tāwāhi. Mīhini i roto i te wheketere huinga oti - he rarity.

ahua New me te mutunga o te hanga

Na roto i te mutunga o te tauira 50s timata GAZ-12 ki te ngaro tere tona ingoa. Ko te ahua automotive ao koimutu ke aronga, nga wahi katoa he ao hou, o te taputapu tipu mō te hanga tinana o te puka faufaa hou.