He aha te Ratonga Whakaata i roto i te USSR? Ngā tukanga mō te whakarite i te tikanga o ngā

I roto i te mutunga o nga 1920 - wawe 1930 i roto i te Soviet Union i te kaupapa o te CPSU (b) puritia collectivization papatipu i roto i ngā wāhi tuawhenua. Ko te tukanga o te collectivization me te whakatūnga o te nui-tauine hinonga ahuwhenua o te momo hapori whakawarenga e te kore o te turanga rawa, me te hangarau i roto i te whenua. kihai i hiahia i roto i te mahi mo te ahua, e whakamahi ana te mahi tinana o iwi, e kore tuku hoki i iti ranei kahore utu nga peasants.

He aha te Ratonga Whakaata i roto i te USSR?

I roto i te 1929, tātarihia te 15 Party Congress te āhuatanga i roto i te ahuwhenua te whenua o. ua haapapû kotahi ano te kaiārahi rōpū e i roto i ngā wāhi tuawhenua ko reira e tika ana ki te hanga i tētahi ahuwhenua nui-tauine, kia whakaratohia te pa i ki te taro, pata, me te tahi atu hua. Ite e kia whakarato te kāwanatanga te hinonga hangarau ngā hou whakapumautia i roto i te tikanga ki te whakaiti i te rahi o ngā tukanga production kore-mīhini, whakamoemiti Stalin te mahi o te Whakaata Irirangi tuatahi. E te ara, he aha te mea abbrevatury wetewaehere WhM? hanga e te Soviet Union he mīhini me teihana tarakihana, haapotohia nei te WhM.

History me te whanaketanga o te Whakaata Irirangi

whakapumautia te teihana mīhini-tarakihana tuatahi i roto i te Soviet Union i roto i te tau 1927. Place o takenga - Shevchenkovo kainga o Odessa rohe, Ukraine. E te ara, he mea kahore tāpiritanga, no te mea kua tonu i rongonui te rohe Odessa mo te nui o ngā whakaaro kumi e muri tata tonu ratou whakatinanatanga kua whakaaturia ki te kia whai hua, me te hua hua tūturu sino. I runga i te rōpū tairururaa i runga ake-whakahuatia pai aromatawai te mahi o te tuatahi Soviet WhM.

kite Stalin i te whanaketanga o te whatunga o teihana tarakihana tetahi o nga pou o te whakatinanatanga o te ariā rōpū o collectivization i te ahuwhenua. Ko te mahi whakaturia ki te aroaro o nga kau taki Congress o te wāhi ahuwhenua, i kaha tarakihana što pūnaha kapinga puta noa te whenua. He maha rangatira rōpū fakatāutaha (i te haerenga) kia kite i te aha WhM. I roto i te USSR te maha o taua hinonga i roto i 1931 ko kua 1228. Mai te tere o te collectivization tipu (i roto i te 1932 - te tihi o te hanganga o pāmu kohinga), ko reira tika ki te hanga i tētahi hinonga hangarau hou. Tātari i te tatauranga i runga i 1933, kite tatou he hua i roto i te maha o te Ratonga Whakaata nui atu i rererua (ki runga, ki te 2886), me i roto i te tau 1934 whakatuwheratia te kāwanatanga e pā ana ki 500 teihana. I tenei, rawa, e kore e haere kaiārahi rōpū ki te mutu, na whakaturia te mahi i muri i. I roto i te 1937 (a mohio tatou katoa he aha te ahua o nga wa) te maha o ngā teihana i ki kia 6000. Ko e mo'oni, kua te hua kua tutuki, no te mea i roto i nga tau o te tāmitanga, me muhu'i te pai kore papatipu ki aronga rōpū maha whiua puni i pere ranei.

Order o ngā o WhM me pāmu kohinga

He aha te Ratonga Whakaata i roto i te USSR mo te pāmu kohinga ratou? kite ano ia kau taki pāmu te hiahia mō te mechanization o mahi, no te mea arahina reira ki te hua i roto i te mahi hua me te hua e loto. Kore he ona taputapu ake, ka kite pāmu i te mata o WhM tautoko i te āhua.

Me pēhea te ki te whakarite i te mahi? teihana Machine me tarakihana puritia taputapu, te hanga o nei hoki tonu tipu. Tarakihana, matini me ētahi atu taputapu e whakaratohia ana ki pāmu ngātahi mō te reti. pāmu Collective, WhM utu te utu o te reti taputapu i te utu o te moni whiwhi mō te tuku o te hua ki te āhua. I roto i te kaupapa o te kore o te tarakihana, ngā, ka haere mai rehe kaiwhakato WhM ki te karanga i te pāmu, te tirotiro taputapu a hanga ana te reira.

Ko te āhuatanga tōrangapū o ngā mahi WhM

I roto i te 1930, i tetahi mahi ōhanga i pā hāngai ki te āhuatanga tōrangapū. I runga i ia teihana tarakihana mahi tari tōrangapū, ahu e te Kaiwhakahaere Tuarua hoki te mahi tōrangapū. Ko te mahi tari ngā whakahaere o ngā rōpū Party WhM, ka piri ki reira nga pāmu ngā. Fatongia mo te mahi te kounga kawea WhM te kaiwhakahaere e kore anake, engari ano hoki te tari tōrangapū. Ko te kore e ofo tenei, no te mea i whai whakaaro mai tetahi kore o te huarahi ōhanga i roto i aua ra kia rite ki auru huna, engari ko reira kua ki runga ki te wahi tōrangapū.

He aha te WhM i te Soviet Union, a inaianei tumanako tatou he reira mārama ki te katoa. Te kore te collectivization pūtake hangarau, te nuinga pea, e kua e taea.