Ko te ariā o te ture tūturu

Ko te ariā o te ture tūturu rā hoki ki ngā wā onamata. E pā ana ki tenei raruraru kua vai te whakaaro i roto i Kariki tawhito (nga Sophists, Aristotle, Democritus, Socrates), China (moizm) ko Roma (te ture Roma, Cicero).

Māngai o te ariā whakapono e te tangata i te whanau no ki te here tika (ki te ora, tapatahi whaiaro, te faaipoiporaa, te haere noa, rawa, mahi, taurite, me ētahi atu). He here enei tika, e kore e taea e tetahi whakakahore ratou, anake i roto i te wā o te whiu mo hara. haere mai ratou i te āhua rawa o te tangata rite te oranga wairua, me te kore utu.

ture Natural whakatinana te tika nui rawa, a kore e te kupu i te ture kāwanatanga fehangahangai ia. Kaiwhakahau o tenei ariā tāutu te taua mea rite te ture pai, ngā nei i roto i te ture whāngai e te State.

Ko te māngai tino kōhure o te ariā - Rousseau, Radishchev, Montesquieu, Locke, Hobbes, Holbach, me ētahi atu.

kitea te ariā o te ture maori i roto i te kaupapa ture o whenua ngā o te ao, tae atu i roto i Russia. Hei tauira, i roto i te Tuhinga 17 āhua e he here tika taketake me te no ki te katoa i whanau, ratou whakatinanatanga me kore maumaui te tika o ētahi atu.

I tēnei wā i reira he kahore pato'iraa i waenganui i te ture pai, me te taiao, no te mea e hāngai ana te tuatahi kei te i te tiaki o ngā tika tangata taketake, ture kāwanatanga o whanaunga tīariari i roto i te hapori.

tata īnaki te ariā o te ture tūturu me kirimana pāpori tahi e te tahi. E ai ki te ariā kirimana, iwi ki te putanga o te kāwanatanga i noa, whai tika mutunga. E ai ki te pukapuka "I te tangata" Hobbes, he iwi i roto i te āhua o "whawhai o te katoa ki te katoa," rite he ratou e ratou natura ahu ki te kino tetahi ki tetahi. Ko te roa i roto i te āhua o te natura i taea, mai arahina reira ki te whakangaromanga tahi. Na reira, ki te tiaki ia ratou, i hoatu e ratou etahi o nga tika ki te kāwanatanga, tomo ana ki te kirimana pāpori. Ko tūturu i roto i te ture e kore e tono te kaha State, ka whakamahia te ture pai i ki te whakarite tika.

I tua atu ki te mana here o te takitahi ki te ture tūturu ngā ano te pāpori-ohaoha (hei tauira, haere noa o te rōpū i roto i nga uniana tūmatanui me ngā rōpū tōrangapū, te tika ki hapori pāpori).

E 3 ngā ariā o te puna o te ture tūturu. E ai ki te tetahi o ratou, ka puta te reira i te maitai hanahana. Ko te ariā tuarua o te ture tūturu kite reira rite te peu, me te parapara o taata whakaoho. kōwhiria e te tuatoru rite te puna o te whakaaro tangata.

hāngai ana te ture Natural te i runga i te mau parau tumu e whai ake nei:

• He te tika ki tinana whaiaro tiaki-ia;
• hoki tenei whakawhirinaki ki runga ki to koutou tikanga noa, i te mea anake taea i te tiaki i te rangatiratanga, me te honore;
• rite te taata maramarama, kei te mahi ia, a kua te tika ki te hua o tenei mahi;
• e tika ana ki te meka i te iwi e te taua, tetahi o ratou kua kore ake mana;
• titau iwi ki etahi tika, ka mohio ki a ratou me te mo etahi atu;
• ki te tiaki i nga tika tūturu o te hiahia mo te ture kāwanatanga.

Ko te ariā o te ture tūturu o faufaa nui, no te mea whakakahore reira wehenga o te iwi ki ngā akomanga, te kore ōritenga pāpori. E te iwi rite tika ki kia tiakina e te ture. kia Tetahi huaki ki runga ki a ratou kia hāmenetia e te ture taihara me mana tūmatanui.

Ko te ariā o te ture tūturu, ki te kahore te whakatōpūtanga ture, kitea i roto i taua mahi kia rite ki te Whakaputanga o te Rangatiratanga o te United States 1776, te Pire o Rights 1791, te Whakapuakanga o te tika me nga rangatiratanga o te tangata o France, 1789, me te maha atu tuhinga ā-ture.