Medici whare: ko te rakau e fāmilí, hītori, ngaro whare, nga māngai rongonui o te whare Medici

Kei te tino maha te whare Medici rongonui e pā ana ki te Italian Renaissance. haere mai ahau i te utuafare rawa e kingi Florence mo te wa roa, me te hanga i te reira ki te ahurea, me te pūtaiao pokapū o Europe.

whare Origin

He maha ngā ariā e pā ana ki te takenga mai o tenei puninga. He noa kōrero pēnei hononga Medici tākuta tāone Karla Velikogo - te kaiwhakarewa o te Frankish Empire. Ko te whānau ake i o te tirohanga ratou pakiaka haere e hoki ki tetahi o nga hoia, e mahi ana i te marae o te emepera.

I roto i te rau tau XII, oho te whānau Medici ki Florence. whai wāhi ngā mema o te Family i roto i te moni whakatupu, a hohoro timata ki te kake. peeke Rich hohoro tomo te tokotoko whakahaere o te pa, a ka anga ki te noho tūranga fili i Florence. Ko te reira i te utuafare, me nga piki me ngā heke. I roto i te rau tau XII tamata te peeke ki te tango i tetahi wahi i roto i te ora tōrangapū o te pa, tautoko tetahi o nga rōpū rohe. Na takoto te pakanga matua o ngā pānga i roto i Florence i waenganui i rangatira taonga, me te rawakore. tautoko Salvestra Medici tramps, e faanahonaho i te tutu ki te kāhui. A, no te i patua ratou, ka peia te financier i te pa.

I roto i te whakarau, kihai i noho roa i te whare Medici, engari tae noa i roto i tenei wa kua tutuki angitu nui i roto i te moni whakatupu. i whakatuwheratia nga manga pēke tuatahi i roto i Venice me Roma.

faateiteiraa

meinga te upoko tuatahi o te käwanatanga Florentine i te whānau Medici Cosimo Old. puritia e ia tenei tūranga i 1434 e 1464. whakahaere ia ki te haere mai ki te mana, te whakamahi i to ratou moni ake, mana me te whakaahunga o te iwi i te taha o te kāwanatanga o mua, e whakamōhio takoha nui me te whawhai huakore take. ka te reira i Cosimo te kaiwhakarewa o te iho o hokonga i nga toi me ētahi atu wāhi o te Renaissance.

pai haumi Medici whare moni. Ko te take i roto i te rau tau XV ka Itari te pokapū o te ahurea me te toi i roto i Europe. rere te reira i te rota o Kariki nei noho kua kahore te whenua i muri i te hopu o Constantinople i te Turkey i roto i 1453. He tokomaha o ratou i kawea ki Itari (tae atu Florence) pukapuka ahurei me kauwhau whakaritea, mohiotia ki te Pākehā. Tenei mea akiaki e te moni i roto i te hītori tawhito. Mai i reira, he kura katoa o te humanism. E te pütea enei ari katoa a whakaongaongatia te whare Medici. noho mauruuru ki a ia History, ahakoa te maha whanoke tōrangapū, i nga te täkupu i te wa.

Lorenzo i te Magnificent

Ahakoa i muri i te matenga o Cosimo i Florence tonu ki te tohutohu i te whare Medici. Lorenzo i te Magnificent (tona mokopuna) ko te mema tino rongonui o te utuafare. I whanau ia i roto i 1448, a ka matenga o te käwanatanga i roto i te 1469-m.

I tenei wa, i roto i Florence i reira ko he e whakatakotoria ana, te hua o nei ko te mangai o te whare Medici. tata i motumotuhia Family Tree, engari he hipoki Lorenzo mahere hoariri. Ia tautoko ara te Pope Sixtus IV. Otiia ara kihai tenei i whakaora i tona teina Lorentso Dzhuliano, i patua e te he,.

ka whakaaturia Florence whawhai i runga i te maha o nga rangatiratanga tata, i tautokona nei e te torona Roma. i taea e ki te tu atu pai te whakakotahitanga Lorenzo. I tua atu, ka kitea e ia he hoa i roto i te tangata o te kingi French. wehi te reira i Roma, e kore nei i hiahia ki te whawhai ki a Paris, a kua mutu te pakanga.

Florence - te Center Renaissance

Medici whare me o ratou mana i runga i te whanaketanga o te ahurea Italian i tenei wa tae te tihi. Kua utua Lorenzo maha whare mātauranga. Ko tētahi o ratou ko te Academy rongonui o Careggi, kua meinga nei e te pokapū paraharaha-Pākehā o te kura hou o Neo-Platonism. utua iari Florentine taua geniuses o toi rite Sandro Botticelli ko Michelangelo. ko Lorenzo hoki kaiarahi o ngā pukapuka. kohia e ia, ka hua tona whare pukapuka ake, kua meinga nei e te tūruhi. ka mate Head o te Republic i roto i 1492. rahi tona ora kanapa hau e pā ana ki te whānau Medici. ngaro whare ngautuara oaoa me te hunga i aroha o ariā e whakatupu he.

Attitude ki te Renaissance Lorenzo hohoro horahia ki nga pa tata. Tofu timata te tere taua ki te noho i roto i Venice, Roma, Naples ko Milan. Renaissance rite te tino pokea ana o onamata, ko te kupu kowhetetia tona ingoa.

Popes ko Tiuka o Tuscany

Ko te māngai tino rongonui o te whare Medici ka kore noa nga rangatira o Florence, engari ano hoki tu'itapú. I roto i te 1513 ka puta ratou Pero Medichi, nei ka mau te ingoa o Leo X, ka noho i runga i te torona tae noa ki 1521. Ahakoa ko nga tohunga e kore e ki te whai wāhi i roto i mau ohipa ao, tautoko ia nga ngākau nuitanga o tona hapu i roto i Florence.

poari haere Waihoki Clement VII (1523-1534). I roto i te ao nei, ko tona ingoa Dzhulio Medichi. I raro i tona whānau peia kotahi ano i Florence. arahina tenei ki te meka i hanga te Pope he haumi ki te Emepara o te Tapu Patireia o Roma Charles V o Habsburg, "i roto i nei kawanatanga te ra e kore whakaturia". patua Coalition te hoariri, a hoki ana te Medici ki Florence. I tua atu, riro ratou te taitara o Duke o Tuscany.

Ko nga rangatira o Florence tonu tenei wā ki, ēngari i te toi. A, no te i hangaia Cosimo ahau (1537-1574) rongonui Taiwhanga Uffizi. I teie mahana, E rata ana te reira miriona o ngā manuhiri ki Florence. pupuru ana te reira i masterpieces maha peita, hei tauira, rongonui Leonardo da Vinci ( "Faaiteraa" me "faatiaia").

Kuini o France

utua rangatira mano o Florence whakarongo ki te mau faaipoiporaa dynastic. Hei tauira, e rua nga wahine i tenei ahua o te hoko hoa faaipoipo o nga kingi French. Ko te wahine Catherine Henry II (1547-1559) me te wahine Marie Henri IV (1600-1610). Ko te tuatahi o ratou ko ara he Regent, me te tikanga i te mana nui tōrangapū. mohiotia Catherine te ki milioni o te pā te taranata Aleksandra Dyumy, ko tona pukapuka ko ia te huru matua o. Ia hanga ano hītori muri te toto kohuru o St. Patoromu me te kohuru o nga rota Huguenots.

Ko te whare French o Ekateriny Medichi te tapahi i ana tamariki e rua - Charles IX me Henry III. E ai ki te papa, no ratou ki te Valois. I muri ratou ki te mana i roto i 1589 ka haere mai nga Bourbons. Heoi, he uaua ki te haafaufaa ore i te pānga i whakaratohia e te katoa o Europe te whānau Medici. ka whare te whakatinanatanga o te Renaissance, me katoa o ona ngā karakara me i tautohetia.

Ko te heke o Florence

Ahakoa te pānga i runga i ētahi atu whenua, kua kua tonu te wāhi matua o te moni te Medici Florence - ratou ingoa rohe matua me te wāhi. tīmata heke duchy Tuscan i Cosimo II (1609-1621). pau ia he rota o te moni i runga i pakanga, me papā ki noho tata. taa ê Duke mahere porangi o arii tae atu te karauna Spanish ona hoariri,. I te wa ano, i mohiotia e ia mo tana tautoko mō te Galileo, e haere tonu te whakarerenga iho o Lorenzo te Magnificent.

I raro i tana tama Ferdinand II (1621-1670) i reira ko tetahi paraharaha-Pākehā toru tekau Tau War i waenganui Katolika me Palotisaní. I tenei wa, tonu ahau heke o Florence, i te mea heoi ehara i te te Medici. Kua hanga te kitenga o Amerika me ētahi atu hokohoko te fafau Italy he whenua porowini, nui atu i te pokapū ōhanga o Europe. he rerenga pūtea i roto i Spain, Ingarangi me te tahi atu mana koroni.

Ko te mutunga o te whare

I te wa ano ka tapahia whare poto me ia Medici. Ko tōna māngai whakamutunga Giovanni Gastaut (kingi 1723-1737 gg.) He he e mate ana, me te urikore. I muri i tona matenga haere te Duchy o Tuscany ki te Roma Tapu Emperor Francis ahau Tepene, e i roto i Florence timata ki te kia parauhia Francesco II. Na kua haere te pa o te Medici mo te wa roa ki te Habsburgs.