Nikolai Novikov - he kaituhi, kairīpoata me te kaiako. tohu matua i roto i te ara ora Nikolaya Novikova

Te rau tau tekau ma waru i roto i te aamu o to tatou whenua i taonga i roto i ngā ingoa pūmanawa o te iwi nei i hanga nekehanga hītori i roto i te ahunga tahatai Māmá. Ko tētahi taua tangata ko te kairīpoata kanapa, me te taketake, kaituhi me te kaiako Nikolai Novikov.

Whakaaroa te haurongo me te mahi matua o tenei atu tangata taipitopito.

Milestones haurongo: tamarikitanga, taitamarikitanga, tau o ako me te ora

whanau Novikov Nikolay Ivanovich i roto i Moscow, i te whenua o ona matua te Tikhvin-Avdotyino, i roto i te 1744. no tona utuafare ki te whānau rangatira.

ka mau Childhood Nicholas wahi i roto i te taiao te kāinga ata, ko tona kaiwhakaako tuatahi te Sexton kainga. I muri mai, tomo te tamaiti te kura nui Moscow gentry, i nei i peia ai ia i roto i 1760 mō "mangere".

I muri aukati i te kura kihai i Nikolai Novikov hema i roto i te pouri, a oti rawa tona wa noa ki pānui tuhinga. He tau torutoru i muri, i roto i 1762, i haina ia i roto i te whaimana Izmailovo Akuhata. Hoko ko ha mēmipa matapōkere o te tukipoto whare, i hua ki te mana i roto i te whenua ka haere ki a Ekaterina Velikaya, i hanga Novikov te rangatira o te ture hou o te Empress.

kitea Catherine mahi mātauranga, me te pai-pānui i te tangata taitamariki. ngā Nikolai Novikov i roto i te maha o kawana, ko wai i whakaakona ki te mahi kaupapa mo te heke mai o te waehere ture kāwanatanga. Kei te mohiotia te reira e ko te tino ihupuku e pā ana ki tona kawenga hou Nikolai Ivanovich ka rapu nga ope katoa ki whai hua te fatherland.

nūpepa

tomo Nikolai Novikov te hītori Russian rite te kairīpoata pūmanawa me te kaiwhakaputa. I te 1769 i mahue ia i te ope, ka rere tona moe: he kaituhi (me he tokomaha ngä) whakapono e na roto i te kōrero ki te iwi te matauranga tika, ka taea e koe te huri i te pāpori mō te pai. He mea o ratou whawhai, ka whiriwhiria e ia pūhohe.

timata Novikov whakaputa e rave rahi makasini. i huaina ratou "haruru", "putea", "kaipeita", "chatterbox". Enei pukapuka i tamata Novikov ki te hanga pārekareka o te mau peu o tona wa: taunaki ia whakahou mātauranga me te mātauranga, tohu i nga ngaahi tōnounou o serfdom, kuware, me te kino pāpori. E mea pinepine te mea i roto i te puka o te ngohengohe me te whakahē mahi nga mana '.

Kua tangohia ana makasini hoariri te tūranga i roto i te pā ana ki te putanga mōhiohio o te "Miscellaneous", mātātoa te i tautoko e Catherine te nui.

Noatia, whakaputaina nga makasini Novikov, katia e te mana no te mea o ratou tūranga maia, me te motuhake.

tohi ako

He nui o tona ora i ki kia Nikolai Novikov, te haurongo o te tangata - he mārama te haamauraa.

Mohiotia Nikolai me pehea kanapa te kaiako. tuhituhi ia maha mahi, ngā ki ngā mātua me ngā kaiako. Ko reira, rite ki te tikanga, mahi kairīpoata me mahi motuhake o te kaituhi i roto i te ako.

Novikov mau hangaia e ona ake ariā mātauranga e hāngai ana i runga i nga whakaaro o te fakamaama me humanism. whakakahore ia te pānga mātauranga o te whiu tinana o ngā tamariki, e tohu ana ki te hiahia hoki kia mātua utu atu te aro ki te mātauranga o te whakatupuranga o muri ki te aroha o ratou uri, ki te haamaramarama i to ratou mōhiotanga hinengaro, me te wairua - tauira viivii.

Novikov ngā tu mo te mātauranga morare, me te whakatipu o te whakatupuranga o muri i roto i te utuafare, a i roto i ngā kura. kōrero ia e pā ana ki te hiahia ki te whakakahore i te whakawhiti o ngā tamariki ki te tiaki o kaiwhakaako utua me pononga, me rite ki te hiahia o rite te uru ki te mātauranga mō ngā tamariki, me te kotiro.

moe Masonic

Novikov Nikolai Ivanovich ko te mema o te moe Masonic - he whakahaere ngaro kaha, noa i roto i te hunga tau i roto i Europa, me i Russia.

Hoki te wā tuatahi i te hui o Freemasons Novikov i roto i 1775 - ngā reira te whakaaro o fakamaama, te faatura i te morare, wawata ki hanga o te tikanga pāpori hou.

Kei te riro te reira e te toa tā i te University Moscow, hanga whakawhetai Novikov ki te tautoko o hoa kaimahi kohatu. Ka taea te takina nga whakaaro o Porotetani a Freemasonry i mahi maha o te kaituhituhi.

Here me tau o te tau'a ore

Ko reira hoki ana whakaaro i tukua Novikov.

I roto i 1792 i runga i te whakahau o te Empress, i hopukina ia, ka whakanohoia i roto i Schlisselburg pa. Ko te utu ki te kaituhi tohu i horahia e ia Palotisani pūngāwerewere me Masonic tuhinga atu i te hinengaro puputu'u o hono to'utangatá.

He he he whakaaro o hītori, rite ki nei te kainga ki te torona - te tama a Paora Empress - aroha mo nga whakaaro o te Freemasons me pukuaroha ki Novikov, na ko na tino ki whakaaro ki te kaituhi tona whaea kingi.

E te ara, i muri i tonu te matenga o Mother Pavel Novikov tukua i te pa kaha. Heoi, ia, i tona ake whakauru, kua ngaro hauora katoa i roto i te whare herehere. te rongo me te warewaretanga - I pai ai, te tangata tawhito memeha noa nei hiahia kotahi anake te mea i mahue ia.

Nikolay Ivanovich Novikov, nei biography he ki tonu i te piki me ngā heke, i ora ia te toenga o ona tau i roto i te whare i te mau metua ', tango tiaki o peasants me ārahi te ora ata. mate ia i roto i te tau 1818, ka tanumia i roto i tona wahi.