Ope tūpato rite te Māoritanga tōrangapū

I whakatakotoria nga takenga o te haratau rite te Māoritanga tōrangapū i te mutunga o te rau tau XVIII. E kore te mea poitirere tenei, ki te titiro koe ki te hītori o tenei wā i roto i ngā o te whanaketanga pāpori. Te Industrial Revolution, i timata atu atu i te rau tau ki muri, kua arahina ki huringa nui i roto i te pūnaha ōhanga, me te whakahaere pāpori. Here i tatou i roto i te ngakau, tuatahi, te hanganga, me te whanaketanga o whanaunga capitalist i runga i hokohoko me te whakataetae, a tuarua, te whīwhiwhi te whakanui ake o te raupapatanga o te hapori: te putanga o taua kāwai i reira, te bourgeoisie me te piha haapiiraa mahi. Ko te pūnaha feudal tawhito o te pāmu oranga ko mate, a ki reira mate o tona uara. I roto i to ratou wahi mai whakaaro hou, whakawhanakehia te nuinga e whakaaro o nga wa hou: John Locke, Jean-Jacques Rousseau, Thomas Hobbes, Charles Montesquieu me ētahi atu.

Ko te French Revolution me nga ope momo

Mau, kua meinga tenei hui te teitei i roto i te tahae iti rawa mo te whanaketanga o mua o Europe. I te tuatahi whakatinana te reira i te whakaaro o te French Māmá o te Ture o te whakatikanga ake o te iwi ki te "kino" ariki. Kua pae hopea mutu te tuakiri o te whakamutunga ki te kia inviolable. meinga te revolution he tauira mo te tahi atu iwi katoa o te fenua, a hoatu he tīmatanga ki te hanganga o sotaiete ture motu. Heoi, ko te Wīwī Revolution rawa whārangi pouri i roto i tona hītori. Tuatahi o te katoa, ko reira te wehi o Robespierre. Ko te whakahoki ki te tāmitanga papatipu ka mahi rongonui Ingarihi Edmund Burke. I roto i tona "Ngaahi Fakakaukau ki te Revolution i France", haapapû ia i runga i nga kino, me te ino i kawea e te reira ki nga iwi maha o taua wā. Ko tenei buka iti, a ko te timatanga o te haratau hei ngā wä, tuku ki te pato'ii te whakakeke ponana Rīpera. I roto i te rau tau XIX ko XX, i roto i tetahi wahi, riro ia pūtake ariā nui o ona turanga taketake.

rere nga whakaaro matua

Mau, te ariā o "haratau" mai i te kupu Latin "converso" - tiaki. ope tūpato, me te i roto i manakohia o te tiaki ao o te tikanga tuku iho, me ngā uara: pāpori, tōrangapū, me te wairua. Ko te kupu, i roto i te kaupapa here motu taunaki iho pāpori. Tenei tikanga motu, ïa, whakapumautia senituli morare, te tuatahi o te anaanatae o te taata i runga i whaiaro, tūranga mana o pūtahi tuku iho, pēnei i te mau utuafare, kura, hahi, te tonu o te whanaketanga pāpori (e, i roto i te hono mo'oní, ko te tiaki o ngā kōrero tuku iho). Ko te mahi o ope momo i roto i te kaupapa here ke tā te bet i runga i te hanganga o te kāwanatanga kaha, hanga i runga i te pūnaha aroākapa. Whakamanuhiritia te whanaketanga matua o te pūmanawa hōia o te whenua, te whakamahi o te kaha i roto i whanaunga ao, te tiaki o ngā uniana mua tuku iho, protectionism i hokohoko ke.

neoconservatism

Kei te whakaae ki rawa he tikanga hou o ope momo te whakaaro o te hiahia mo te whanaketanga. Heoi, he ratou i roto i te manakohia o ripeneta tupato, me te ngāwari. Tauira o nga piri o te kaupapa here taua taea te mahi rite US te peresideni Ronald Reagan ko British te Pirimia a Margaret Thatcher.

ope tūpato, me te kore-momo

Me kï reira e haratau ko te tetahi huinga o ngā tōrangapū. Hei tauira, fascism - he hoki reira tino momo mo, kia hoatu ki te ngakau o te kaha kāwanatanga me te nui. hoariri tūpato tavini i te whānuitanga o ngā rerenga o mahue me tika kē: Rīpera, i roto i te pato'iraa ki nei me ö kotahi ope momo, SoC, Kominiusi, me te pera i runga i.