Submarine "Lada", kaupapa 677

ngā mahi Military i roto i te moana i te papatipu o ngā āhuatanga taketake. No miharo kua tonu te mahi manuao i whakaaro tino ingoa nui, me te taitara o "Admiral" utu ki runga ake i tianara tata tonu. Ko tētahi o nga āhuatanga o te whawhai i runga i te wai, ko te e taea e koe te tatari tonu mo te whawhai i runga i te wahi o nga kaipuke mata hoariri, me te waka rererangi e kore anake, engari ano hoki i raro i te wai.

submarines Tiamana ko te moepapa tūturu mo nga Hoa i roto i te Pakanga Tuarua o te Ao, te tuku mirioni o taranata o utanga me nga mano o kaipuke ki te raro o te Atlantic. mauruuru te Soviet Union te takoha Tiamana ki te whanaketanga o te kaipuke ruku, tīmata i roto i te kaumātua wā whanaketanga matatau i roto i tenei aronga.

A, no te puta ohorere i te kupu "ruku" i roto i te nuinga o te iwi kotahi i reira ko te rōpū ki te kaipuke waka ruku nui e mau ana utanga whakamate i runga i te poari i roto i te puka o te taimaha missiles ballistic, ahei ki te kawe i te raruraru hoariri pea nui. I te wa ano wareware iwi mau e i roto i te Navy hou kahore iti faufaa ko nga submarines diesel-hiko iti. He mahuinga ia i roto i te meka subversive, mo te ūnga piringa i runga i uta te hoariri ratou.

"Lada" tetahi o nga kaupapa angitu tino ko te waka ruku. Mō reira tenei ra, a ka korero matou.

Overview

667 kaupapa Kooti tikanga ki te kawe i ngā mahi hāpaki me auru huna ki kaipuke mata me mua o te hoariri, te tiaki i ngā wāhi takutai i huaki hoariri, kia rite ki te pai kia rite ki mo te hanga o maina me ētahi atu raruraru ōrite. Ko te kupu, Ko optimally e tika ana hoki te mahi, ko te reira o te pakanga hou, e titau nekeneke mōrahi me te puku te waka ruku "Lada", e kua he whakaahua i roto i te tuhinga.

He āhuatanga o te submarines o tenei raupapa, ko te kaupapa o ratou hanganga, i huaina "toru-hauwhā". Ko te take i te tinana (hanga o te rino AB-2) He te diameter taua, puta noa tona roa. I roto i te rerekē ki te submarines karihi nui, piko me te kei i te āhua porohita pai-tautuhi. Nā ki te bulkheads o te takere e wehea ki ngā wāhanga motuhake e rima. Papanga i runga i te kaipuke e toru.

whakaratohia ngā āhuatanga hydrodynamic faahiahia e te tinana i āta hangaia ngā pai kaunuku. wae kaiutuutu i rite te taua kotokoto kua āhuatanga e nga kaipuke o te kaupapa 877, engari i hanga te empennage hiawero crosswise, me nga wira mua e eke i runga i te taiepa. mahi tenei i roto i te tikanga e kia hanga e ratou te pokanoa iti rawa taea i roto i te taputapu pāorooro, rite rawa nei te ki te waka ruku. Ko te "Harmony" i roto i tenei tikanga ko te paearu tūturu: ko reira tino ata, he reira tino uaua ki te kitea e te tikanga o te pāorooro me Acoustics raro.

submarines rākau o te riri

Ko te tikanga matua o te korero me te whakaeke ko te waka e ono ki te whakarewa i torpedoes ërä 533 mm, me maina e rua i runga i te rahoraho o runga e hangaia mō te pupuhi kaha arahina. Te kariri paerewa ngā 18 mua. Nuinga o ngā wā, i te waka ruku "Lada 677" whakamahi i te momo kano o te matā (SAET-60M, UGST), torpedoes motuhake ki te whakangaro submarines hoariri. I te poari kia missiles ipu, me te 22 maina DM-1 tauira. Ko taea ki te ārai i te whakamahinga o anti-momo missiles "tupuhi."

pupuhi pūnaha taea hoki e rua matā kotahi, me te pakunga pupuhi i ono maina wā kotahi. I roto i recharge Torpedo whakautu matatini "Murena", e āhei te mahi katoa i roto i te aratau tino aunoa. Kei te tino whakahaere te tukanga katoa i te whakahau o nga ngā rangatira, rite rawa nei te ki te waka ruku. Ko te "Harmony" Ko te tuatahi i roto i te Soviet Union te whanaketanga o te ruku kore-karihi o te kaipuke, e pai kia whakamahia e te maha o te aunoatanga matatini, me te tiketike-mahi.

Hei āwhina ki te tiaki i te kaipuke i te rererangi whawhai hoariri, ka taea e te waka te tango painga o ono tauira o MANPADS "Igla-1m". whakarite rurukutanga o ngā pūnaha whawhai katoa kei roto i te whakamahi o te pūnaha "lithium". Ko te kupu, e taea ki te whakaora i te raruraru nui ki tetahi hoariri te waka ruku "Lada", patu e kua peitatia matou, me ona āhuatanga iti ko.

awhe pāorooro

Hoki te tūhura pāorooro tutaki matatini "Lira", e ngā te pūhihi kaha tairongo. Kei te kōwae o tika e toru Antennas, tetahi o nei kei te i te kopere o te waka ruku, engari e rua - e noho ana i runga i ia taha o ia. Engineers diameter mōrahi mō nui haere tika o te inenga o te haruru raro. Ko te kupu, ni'ai te pūihi mua tata katoa te wāhi i te kopere o te waka ruku. I roto i te kaupapa o te kino ki te taputapu i runga i-papa, kua hua taputapu pāorooro e taea submarine "Lada" (Project 677) muka i muri ia ia i runga i te haere.

pūnaha whakatere

pūnaha Navigation - momo inertial. He kawenga mō te whakarato raraunga i runga i te wāhi tangohia o te kaipuke, me te mo faaotiraa o te tere tino arotau i ai taea te whakamahi i te patu i runga i-papa ki te pai mōrahi.

Hei wāhanga o te pūnaha e te taputapu poutiro pērā i te Kirimina Hātepe Code "Sail-98", tito nei o te huānga e whai ake nei:

• Ongó poutiro te rangatira, "Sail-98KP". He he ra me te takere taumata-iti (whatu me te TV). Ko te tohu o te hua rerekē i 1.5 ki te 12x, taea tuhi kite raraunga.
• Rewa PHC,-ongó kore momo "Sail-98UP". Ko reira mau he poutiro ao maha-mahi. Hei wāhanga o te hoahoa - rua takere (-wā tonu, me te taumata-iti), te tohu o te hua - rite te rangatira o te karu, i reira te mea he nui-mahi taiaho rangefinder.

Ko te kupu, ko te waka ruku "Lada", e poto tatou e peita TTX, taea ōrite pai te whakamahi i roto i te ra, me te po tikanga. Reira tonu e kitea ki te hoariri tonu.

Ētahi atu āhuatanga o te pūnaha whakatere

Ko te tuhaa tino nui ko te pūnaha hihiani tauira hihiani KRM-66 "Kodak". Kau i roto i tona mema e taea te whakahaeretia takere irirangi mātātoa me te hāngū i roto i te aratau ngā. A, no te taea te whakahohe whakamahi kaha tino tiakina huna hongere. E horo'a te reira i te pikitia ki tonu o te āhuatanga e karapoti ana i te waka ruku (tae atu i te-wai i runga), engari kihai i tatala reira te kaipuke. I roto i tenei tikanga, te waka ruku "Lada" (Project 677) kei roto i te huarahi maha he ahanoa ahurei, e kore e tino whai analogues i te ao, noa'tu eaha te mau ta'o rii te faaiteraa oro.

pūnaha kōrero mamati "tawhiti" tauira. āhei te reira i te utu o te mōhiohio i runga i te hongere haumaru mōhiohio ahungarua tuku ki uta pou whakahau, kaipuke, me te waka rererangi (mo Engari i hohonu poutiro). Ki te hiahia koe ki te tukua atu he karere akiaki ki te faufaa o te hohonu nui, te whakamahi i whakapau tōia pūihi. Ko tenei taputapu i roto i te tino tiketike, tona kaha ki te tiaki ara i roto i te take o mua. Mämä noa iho, te "Harmony" - te kaipuke, ko te tino tenacious.

Hei whakamutunga, he huinga o te taputapu whakatere "Appassionata." Kei te reira i te momo o te pūnaha whakatere inertial me kōwae navigation amiorangi GPS / GLONASS. Ko te tika o te whakatau i te wāhi i roto i te whakamahi ko tino nui, engari tei runga i te noho tata o te teihana turanga faatanoraa mo te tino "kaiwhakarato".

mana te tipu

Ko te "ngakau" o te waka ruku he mana he tipu diesel-hiko, whakamana rite ki te tikanga e whakarato mō te kaupapa anake i runga i tahuri hiko. rerekē ana tēnei i te analogues ke submarine "Lada". TTS (waka me ngā pūnaha hangarau), kaipuke ke o tenei piha e taea whakarato i te kaupapa anake i runga i te pūkaha diesel.

Kei te pūkaha diesel e i roto i te wha o nga wehenga. Hei whakaputa hiko generator e rua tohu 28DG haumi ki rectifiers tauanga i 1000 Kw ia. Kei te rongoa te pūngao i roto i te rōpū e rua o ngā pākahiko. I roto i ia o enei āhuatanga, ko te 126 (Ko ratou i roto i nga compartments tuatahi, me te tuatoru). Ko te katoa te kaha ngā o te pūnaha katoa i roto i te huru tihi - 10580 Kw / h. Mahi pūkaha - hiko, hiamo e aukume pūmau. Mark Sed-1, te mana motuhake ko te 4100 Kw.

E kore te mea kōpeka te mana pūkaha tīpakohia me kaha o nga pākahiko. Ko te take i he te reira i roto i tenei hononga riro taea uta whakatere o pākahiko, e te tata rua whakaiti te aroaro o te waka ruku i hohonu poutiro. Mai kore te mea he wahi o te generator he pepa o te kōwae paraihe, tiaki me te mahi o te tāutanga katoa he nui māmā, me te he nui haumaru. I roto i te faatura i tenei, "Lada" - poti, te nuinga i mua o tona wa.

mahi taiawhio Basic o engines

tere tāupe pūnaha toko hiko nui te koroke matua i roto i ngā āhuatanga Hiking katoa o te kaipuke. I roto i te parau tumu, kua kua korero matou e pā ana ki te meka e nekehanga i runga i tetahi anake diesel i roto i ngā i roto i te parau tumu. Ko te hurirere e whitu matatahi, i hanga e te motuhake, hangarau haruru iti. I tutuki te nuinga tenei āhua o take whakawhetai ki te puka o matatahi saber, e hua iti haruru, ka peia. I tua atu, i te waka ruku e rua tohu RDK-35 tīwae urungi mamao.

Te tere taea mōrahi i runga i te mata tae 21 knots. I roto i te submarine ngaro e kore marara ki runga 10 knots. ngā ina tauihi ana Ko e pā ana ki 6,000 maile, engari ka peia te ahunga whakamua ōhanga taea ake i te ora mahi o e pā ana ki tetahi atu 650 maero.

Mō ora me te mahi tikanga o te waka

Ko te waka ngā 35 iwi. Hei whakaora ngā iwi i roto i te take o te faaora ohotata KSU-600 pūnaha. Ko tā te reira i te mamao tauira liferafts tuku aunoa PSNL-20. He katoa o rua nga wahi, kua tū ratou i roto i te superstructure mo te whakaaro retireti.

Kei sqm i runga i te waka ruku e i roto i te toru o nga wehenga. Rerekē kaipuke mata o te USSR me te Russian Federation, hanga te waka he tikanga ora rawa pai. Hoki kaimahi He ruma rua. hoatu ia āpiha he ruma motuhake.

Kai e wahi i roto i te ruma i takirimatia te ki whakaurunga pātaka. E whakaritea Stocks o kai, i runga i o ratou āhuatanga me ngā whakaritenga rokiroki rānei i roto i te matao o me uncooled taonga. I roto i nga tau tata nei, ko te waka ruku o tenei raupapa i tāutatia taputapu e hoehoea tauira hou: nga āhuatanga rawa kiato whakarato reira te faaineineraa o te kai kai waka tonu, me te momo.

rongoa wai hou i roto i tāke o kowiri tira. Ka taea e kia tika whakakīhia kai wai hou i roto i ngā āhuatanga mara. Hoki tenei whakaaro, e whakaratohia tipu desalination, e kua whakamahia mō te whakahaere i te wera i engines diesel. I roto i te whānui, ka he nui ki te whakarite kāinga kore anake, engari ano hoki hiahia hangarau he rere auau o te pakanga kai wai. Fully utaina ki te waka ruku e tika katoa he motuhake mō te 45 ra.

mahi atu o te kaipuke me te opuaraa

Ka rite ki maha reira tupu, te waka ruku "Lada" kore pai rawa tāia ki ki te whakamatautau o te wa. Ko te take i kore e whakatau ona āhuatanga whakaritenga hou e te tono ki tenei piha o kaipuke. Na, i te kau ki reira he he mahi kaha i runga i te hanganga o te toko hāorakore. I te mutunga o 2012 ki te hiahia te hoko ono mua o Project 677 "Lada" faaite India, he hoa rautaki maoro o to tatou whenua.

Mämä noa iho, me te whenua, he taua submarines diesel-hiko, e taea e i roto i te pakanga nui taea hoki he wa roa, i waho te hiahia mō te ara noa i hohonu poutiro. Submarine "Lada", airindependent mana whakato ka e kia kawea mai ki te tino, ka e taea ki te mahi i maha nga marama o "tikakatanga". Me kï reira e rangahau i roto i tenei rohe e tino angitu.

He aha te mea hou?

Ka kia hanga kaupapa i roto i te hoahoa o te kaipuke tamatahia te rota. Ko te kaiwhakawhanake mahi kamupene CDB rongonui AU "Rubin". I roto i te waenganui-2013 i pae hopea ua faaoti i te reira e ka tonu i te waka ruku "Harmony" ki te hei i roto i te mahi ki te Russian Navy. Ko te hou, o te akoranga, puka.

utua nui aro i ki te ao hou, o te tohunga rohe i runga i-papa pūnaha hiko. I tino wiriwhiria tāutanga aunoa Torpedo tahuri tata rawa (e hāngai ana i runga i te whakamahi o te hangarau hou) Mechanics mana hiko tipu.

Kaua e noho "Karo" me te whakatere: whakaaro pehea i whakaurua maha rongoā hou ki reira, ka taea e tatou te mea e te anō-whakapumautia te pūnaha. Ehara i te mea maere e te waka ruku taua "Lada" heipü rata ana te aro o kiritaki ke.

Tuatahi ka haere mai nga rakau ki raro "Kronstadt". Oddly nui, engari ko te mua "kotiro tawhito" nei e pai ki te tuhituhi atu, ka tenei ra tetahi o nga submarines kore-karihi tino matatau i roto i te ao. Ko reira haumaru ki te mea e ia te pupuri i te tere o te mahi e waiho ratou hari ki te whiwhi i te whare e kore e anake o te Navy, engari ano hoki maha kiritaki ke, tautoko pūtea te whenua o.

Heoi, he tika rite maha kaipuke Kaupapa 677 "Lada" teie mahana Russia, mai i enei kaipuke ko te ara nui ki te te tiaki i rohe moana me rohe, e to matou whenua he nui i roto i.