Tamahine a Stalin - Svetlana Alliluyeva. Haurongo me Whakaahua

tamahine a Stalin Svetlana Alliluyeva ko te tino o tona papa paoro. e mea he e whanau te kotiro i roto i te utuafare taata, te matenga o te whenua nui, whakaritea ki te iku'anga ngingila. Otiia i roto i te meka tahuri reira i roto i rerekē. ko te ora te tamahine a a Stalin rite te mōrearea tonu, i tetahi mea ki te mahi i ki o te uri o ngā kaitōrangapū nui-rangatira o te Soviet Union te whakarau.

whanau

whanau Svetlana i roto i Leningrad i te ra whakamutunga o te hotoke 1926. ko ia te tuarua i te tamaiti i roto i te faaipoiporaa Iosifa Stalina me Nadezhda Alliluyeva. Haunga reira tupu te "rangatira o nga wa katoa, me nga iwi" me tana wahine ake te tama a Basil. Ano, ko te kotiro te teina o Hakopa, ka hoatu e whanau ki tona wahine tuatahi, Ekaterina Svanidze (mate ia i roto i te whakarau German i roto i te whawhai) tona papa.

Alliluyeva ora i muri i whakamomori o tona whaea

Ko te nui o e taea anake etahi moemoea o tipu tamahine Stalina Svetlana. i taumaru iho haurongo o tona tamarikitanga i te mate wawe o tona whaea, mahia whakamomori ka ko ia 6 tau. E Svetlana huna te take pono o te mate o toku whaea, korero ia e mate ia i runga i te tepu whakahaere i roto i te whawhai o te whēkau whakapeka. Ko, rite ia i muri haamana'o Alliluyeva, tona whaea noa i taea e kore e tu te whakaitinga me tawai i matua o tana tane. I muri ia whakamomori Svetlana ko Vasily mau pani, no te mea i pukumahi rawa ki ngā take o te kāwanatanga, me te wa ki te poipoi i te uri hapa ia Stalin.

tupu ake te marama karapotia e maha tapuhi me te kaitiaki tamariki. peia Karaehe tona taraiwa whaiaro. Kei te pai te ako te reira i roto i te kura, i mohio Ingarihi. I muri i te pakarutanga o te whawhai ki tona teina i whakatahia Vasily ki Kuibyshev. Ko hōhā ora o te kotiro. I riria ia ki te haere, ki te hei hoa ki te tamariki tata ki te kōrero ki nga tangata ke. Ko te whakangahau anake mo Svetlana ko te kiriata i i titiro ia mo te pūwhiti kāinga kiriata.

aroha tuatahi

Basil, pērā tona tuahine, kihai i hiahia ki te mahue. Ko te papa uaua i te kāinga, me te tangata taitamariki, tango painga o tona ngaro, maha whakaritea he rōpū e ngangau. I roto i te teina i mohio ko reira taea ki te whakatau i nga kaitapere ka-mohiotia, kaiwaiata me kaitäkaro. I roto i tetahi o enei rōpū tutaki Svetlana-tau 16-tawhito te kaituhi-tau 39-tau, me te kaiwhakaari Alekseem Kaplerom. I roto i ia a hinga ia i roto i te aroha ki te tamahine a Stalin. Ka haere tonu haurongo o te wahine ki te korekoreko nga pakimaero, engari tona aroha tuatahi ko te pakeke e kore e wareware ia. e kore Mārō rerekētanga tau i te whakararuraru i tetahi kotiro tona kotahi i whiriwhiri ranei. i ataahua mīharo Alex, ka koa te angitu ki te wahine. E te wa te aroha ki a Svetlana i rua ia whakarerea. i rongonui tona ex-wahine attrice Soviet.

patua Young Light Kapler tana māia ki me ngā pakeke whakaaro huritao i runga i te ora. Ko ia he tangata pakeke a mohio e he take ki te tamahine o te "rangatira o nga iwi" kia mutu i roto i te roimata mo ia, heoi kihai i taea e mahi i tetahi mea ki a ratou mau mana'o. Ahakoa te tagged tonu te marama haere kaitiaki, whakahaere ia ki te rere atu i tona whai me kopikopiko noa ki tona aroha i roto i te ara ata, ki te haere ki tahi ia te Tretyakov Gallery, ngā whare tapere, katia wā kiriata i Cinematography Komiti. I roto i ana tohinoa, i tuhituhi Svetlana losifovna e kahore he hononga tata i waenganui i a ratou kahore i, pera i roto i te sex malí Soviet Union i whakaaro te whakama.

I runga i te tikanga pakeke tuatahi o te tamahine a Stalin ka rawa hohoro mohiotia. Hekeretari Tianara o te USSR ka mau fehi'a tonu Kapler, a i roto i te ora o te kaiwhakaari rere ki te raruraru. I toutou karangatia ia ki te Lubyanka me i raro ki haora-roa uiui. Na me pehea ki te whakawa mo Kapler take ki a taea Svetlana, i whakawakia ai ia o te tutei mo te Basileia United me i rite nui rite 10 tau, i tonoa ki Vorkuta fakatonutonu mahi koroni. Hoki te nuinga o nga wahine, mutu tenei pūrākau e rave rahi papaki taimaha e te papa tino.

faaipoiporaa tuatahi

Ko te haurongo atu o te tamahine a Stalin Svetlana Alliluyeva e pā ana ki te ako i MSU. I muri i te kura nui, whakauru ia i te Faculty o philology, engari, i muri i oti i te akoranga tuatahi, i raro i te pēhanga o tona papa, i whakawhitia ki te hītori. i kino ia i te kōrero, Heoi, i takoha ki te tuku ki te pai ai o te Pope, e kore e whakaaro papai, me te mahi tuhituhi o te mahi tika.

Ka rite ki te ākonga, moea e Svetlana Grigory Morozov - he hoa kura o tona teina. Ko 18 nga tau te kotiro ka. ko Stalin ki te marena, ka pai ki te kite i tana tama i roto i te ture. I roto i te 1945, i te tokorua taitamariki he tamaiti, i te ingoa nei a Hohepa. roa te faaipoiporaa tuatahi o Svetlana tau 4 anake, ki te hari nui hinga Stalin. Ka rite ki korerotia Alliluyeva i tetahi o ana uiuinga, kihai Grigory Morozov ki te tiaki ia ratou, ka hiahia ki te whanau ia ia kotahi tekau tamariki. Svetlana waiho hoki e kore te-tuiroo whaea i haere ki. Engari, ka whakamahere ia ki te tiki i te mātauranga teitei. I roto i nga tau o te faaipoiporaa ki te wahine taitamariki Morozov hanga 4 o fakatōtamá, ka hinga ia mate, ka rēhitatia hoki whakarere.

Te faaipoiporaa i te onoonoraa o tona papa

I roto i te 1949, ka moe anō Iosifa Stalina tamahine Svetlana Alliluyeva. Tenei wa whiriwhiria ia papa tana tahu o. riro ratou i te tama a te kaituhituhi o te Pāti Communist o Andrei Zhdanov Jury. I mua i te marena, e kore i te iwi taitamariki i te hui kotahi. I marenatia ratou, no te mea na rite Stalin. Yuri mana whāngai tama i tona faaipoiporaa tuatahi ki Svetlana. He tau i muri mai, ka hoatu e tana wahine whanau Alliluyeva tamahine Catherine, a ka rēhitatia mō te whakarere. i te wenewene Stalin ki tenei whakapati, Svetlana, engari ki te kia ora ia ki te tangata e kinongia ana, e kore i taea e ia. kitenga Hekeretari Tianara o te Soviet Union e rongo ia i te tamahine e kore, ka haere mai ki ngā ki tona natula whakakeke.

Life muri i te matenga o tona papa

I roto i te Maehe 1953, ko kahore atu te "rangatira o nga iwi katoa". I muri i te matenga o te papa o Svetlana i tukua tona passbook, i runga i te pūkete o e reira i 900 anake moni. taonga whaiaro katoa me ngā tuhinga o Stalin ka mau ia. Engari amuamu e pā ana ki te kore o te aro i runga i te wahi o te wahine kihai i taea te kāwanatanga. i whakapumautia ia whanaunga pai ki Nikitoy Hruschovym, ki nei i ako huihui ia i te whare wānanga. a Svetlana wahi o te mahi i roto i 1956 ko te Institute o te Ao Literature, i reira kua ia kua ako i te pukapuka o kaituhi Soviet.

Well, aha ki te mahi i muri tamahine a Stalin, Svetlana? ora Whaiaro reira i roto i te 50s tapiritia tetahi faaipoiporaa. Tenei wa, ka te whiriwhiri Alliluyeva te Soviet pūtaiao-Africanist Ivan Svanidze. roa te ora tahi i 1957 ki te 1959, ka mutu, ka rite ki i roto i ngā take o mua, whakarere. tamariki noa i kahore hoa faaipoipo. Hei marama: tou mo'emo'e, Svetlana pŭpŭ pukapuka poto. I tenei wa, he rārangi o ana i aroha ai, piri te kaituhi Soviet me fakaanga tuhituhi Andrei Sinyavsky me pehe Rawiri Samoilov.

Rere atu ki te Te Hau-ā-uru

I roto i te 60raa, me te tīmatanga o te Khrushchev "koero", koimutu te whakarau o te tamahine a Stalin. tutaki Svetlana Alliluyeva i Moscow, me te tangata o India Brajesh Singh, a waiho tana wahine noa-ture (tomo ki te ōkawa faaipoiporaa ki te tangata iwi ke, kihai i whakaaetia). ko tino mate Hindu, a mate i roto i te mutunga o 1966. E tai, te whakamahi i ana hononga i roto i te kāwanatanga, ka ui te mana Soviet ki te tukua ki te tango ia ia pungarehu tana tane o te kāinga. I muri i te fariiraa i whakaaetanga i te mema o te Politburo o te CPSU CPU Kosygin, ka haere ia ki India.

Te riroraa atu i te Soviet Union, mohio Svetlana e hoki mai te kāinga kore e hiahia ana ki te. Hoki e toru nga marama i noho ai ia i roto i te kainga matua o Singh, a ka haere ki te Delhi kei roto i te US Embassy, a ka ui te United States mō te whakarurutanga tōrangapū. Tenei Tuhinga ohorere Alliluyeva meinga he take i roto i te USSR. Te kāwanatanga Soviet whakauru aunoa ia i roto i te rārangi o poka. ke kovi ange te āhuatanga e te meka i te whare o Svetlana te tama me te tamahine. Ko te wahine kihai i whakaaro i maka a ratou, no te mea, i roto i tona whakaaro, i koroheke nui nga tamariki a taea ora i te reira takitahi. E te wa i whakahaere Hohepa kua ki te tiki ake te utuafare, a ko Catherine i toku tau tuatahi i wānanga.

Faafariuraa ki Lana Peters

India Waiho ki te Hononga o Amerika i taka tika i Alliluyeva. I roto i te tikanga e kore e ki te pahua kua takoki te whanaunga ki te Soviet Union, tonoa US diplomats he wahine i roto i Switzerland. i ora ai Svetlana mo etahi wa i roto i Europa, a ka oho ki Amerika. I roto i te Te Hau-ā-uru, kahore i rawakore tamahine a Stalin. I roto i te 1967, whakaputaina ia te pukapuka "20 Letters ki te hoa," i korerotia e pā ana ki te papa, me tona ora ake i te aroaro o tona haerenga i Moscow. anga tuhituhi i te reira Svetlana losifovna i roto i te Soviet Union. ka tēnei pukapuka he sensation ao, a kawea te kaituhi o e pā ana ki 2.5 miriona tara i roto i te moni.

Noho i roto i Amerika tawhiti, tamata Svetlana ki te whakarite i te ora whaiaro ki kaihoahoa William Peters. I muri i tona marena, i tangohia e wahi i roto i 1970, ka mau ia ki te ingoa o te hoa faaipoipo, a tapahia tona ingoa, hoko noa Lana. I maoro whanau te Mrs. Peters hou whakaturia i te tamahine Olga. Ngana tonu i roto i te aroha ki tana tane American, kua haumi Svetlana i roto i ona kaupapa tata katoa ratou moni. A, no te rere atu ona penapena, ka whawhati ake te faaipoiporaa. muri mai ua ite Alliluyeva e marena ki tona Peters kua tohutohu tona tuahine, whakaaro e "te rangatira Soviet" Me kia maha mirioni i tona papa. Ite e miscalculated, mea ai ia mea katoa ki whakarerea teina. I muri i te whakamutunga i roto i te tau 1972 o te tamahine te faaipoiporaa a Stalin, Svetlana Alliluyeva (whakaahua e te aroaro William Peters i raro) i mau te ingoa o tana tane, a ka anake i mahue ki a Olga. ka nga puna matua o ona moni mahi o te kaituhi, me ngā takoha i rōpū whakahaere kaupapa atawhai.

Hoki Alliluyeva i Union

I roto i te 1982, oho Svetlana ki London. I reira i mahue ia Olga i roto i te kura Quaker, a haere ana ki te haere i te ao. Ki te ohorere o te katoa ka hoki te wahine i roto i te tau 1984 ki te Soviet Union. Ko te take mo te whakatau taua ia i muri faataa i Olga ki te hoatu i te mātauranga pai, a i roto i te USSR, he reira noa. tutaki mana Soviet te tangata haereere aroha. whakahokia ia te tangata whenua no Roma homai whare, he motokā ki te taraiwa whaiaro, mutu. Otiia ki te ora i roto i Moscow, kihai i te wahine rite, ka oho ia ki te whare o tona papa i roto i Georgia. Here i homai Alliluyeva noho kingi. timata Olga ki haere te kura, ki te tango i te mau haapiiraa i roto i te reo Russian me Hōriana, ka whai wāhi i roto i te hākinakina kaieke hōiho. Otiia kihai i kawea mai te ora i roto i te Tbilisi hari ki Svetlana. Whakaora papaka whanaunga ki tamariki kihai i angitu te reira. i he Hohepa ko Catherine e tona whaea mo te meka e tata 20 tau ki muri, i mahue ia ratou. A kihai i taea e kitea e ahau i māramatanga i roto i whanaunga o Svetlana tamahine a Stalin. Tona haurongo ngā pārongo i runga i te meka e i roto i 1986 ko ia te tamahine, te whakaotinga, heke ano ki Amerika. Tenei wa i reira ko kahore he raruraru ki te wehenga. fakafo'ituitui whakahau Gorbachev e tona tamahine "rangatira o nga iwi" ki noa waiho te whenua. Hoki i te Amerika, Alliluyeva whakarerea e katoa tona raraunga Soviet.

Re-hekenga, me te ahiahi o te ora

Kia pehea te a te wahi i ora ai ia te tamahine a Stalin, Svetlana Alliluyeva, i muri i te haerenga tuarua i te USSR? Hoki i te Amerika, noho he wahine ruhiruhia i roto i te pa o Richland (Wisconsin). Chat ki tana tama, a Hohepa, a te tamahine a Catherine, kua tino mutu ia. I maoro, ka anga Olga ki ora wehe i a ia, ka hanga he ora i runga i to ratou ake. Tuatahi Svetlana tukua losifovna te fare motuhake, ka oho ki te whare te u. I roto i te tau 90 i ora ia i roto i te fare utuuturaa i London, ka haere ano ia ki te US. Ko te tau whakamutunga o tona ora Alliluyeva pau i roto i te fare utuuturaa o te pa o Madison American. mate ia o te mate pukupuku Novema 22, 2011. I roto i tona tikanga pohe ai ui Alliluyeva ki te tanu i te reira i raro i te ingoa Lana Peters. A tuu i he mōhiotia tona tanumanga.

Children Svetlana Iosifovny

85 nga tau i ora ai a roto i tenei ao o te tamahine a Stalin. e kia oti haurongo o te wahine, kahore whakahua o pehea o ana tamariki e toru te whakarau. Ko te tama mātāmua a Alliluevoy Iosif whakatapua tona ora ki te rongoa. mahi ia mafatu me maha pepa pūtaiao kua tuhituhia i runga i aorangia ngakau. Mō tona whaea, kihai i rite ki a Hohepa G. korero kairīpoata, ko ia ki a ia i roto i te hononga kino. noho ia hoki 63 nga tau. mate ia o te patunga i roto i te 2008.

Te tamahine a Svetlana Iosifovny volcanologist Catherine mahi. Ka rite ki tona tuakana, i rawa hara ia e Alliluyeva, ka haere ia ki te Te Hau-ā-uru, ka mahue etahi tamariki. hiahia ngā pātai nga kairīpoata 'e pā ana ki tona whaea Catherine Y. kore ki whakahoki, ka mea e kore ia e mohio ki te wahine. I roto i te tikanga ki te huna atu i te aro i te pāpāho, me te ratonga i te haumarutanga, Alliluyeva, haere te tamahine ki Kamchatka, te wahi ora ia ki tenei ra. Arata'i te ora mo'emo'e.

timata tamahine o muri Olga Peters ki Alliluyeva tamaiti i muri. Na ka whanau ki a ia kotahi tekau nga tau tuarima. Ka rite ki te pakeke, ke Olga tona ingoa ki Chris Evans. I teie mahana, te ora nei ia i roto i te US, mahi ia rite te kaihoko. whakauaua korero i roto i te wahine Russian. Ka rite ki te teina tuakana me tuahine, e kore te hononga o Olga me tona whaea i hanga.

te ora roa, me te kanapa taea ora te tamahine a Stalin Svetlana Alliluyeva. Haurongo ki whakaahua aroaro i roto i te tuhinga, ka tukua ngā kaipānui ki te ako maha meka ngā pā ana ki tona whakarau. E kore tenei wahine he wehi o kākā, whakaaro tūmatanui me ti'aturiraa. mohio te tamahine "Leader nui" pehea ki te aroha, ki te mamae me te ki te tīmata te ora faahou. e kore i taea e ia e te whaea pai ki ana tamariki, engari e kore e kore i tukua e i tenei. losifovna kore Svetlana aro ki i tona karangatanga ai te tamahine a Stalin, na, kotahi i roto i te Te Hau-ā-uru, poroporoaki mea ki tou ingoa tawhito. Ko, hoko Lanoy Piters, noho ai mo te ao katoa "rangatira Soviet."