Ko te hītori o Peterhof i te kingitanga o Pita ahau ki te ra nei

Ko tētahi o nga whare Pākehā tino mīharo, me te ataahua kei tata St Petersburg me te mohiotia i raro i te ingoa o Peterhof. History whakaahua ana poto te hanganga o tenei wahi mīharo. A tamata tatou ki te haere hohoro roto i te wāhanga tino nui o te ora o Peterhof.

wahi pai

He reira Poutohu e te wahi mo tenei pa whiriwhiria ia Pita I. I roto i 1705, he kaipuke iti "Munker" raru ki te Gulf o Finland, 40 km i te hanga i roto i te St Petersburg. No reira ko te reira ngāwari pae kitea o te Moana Baltic me te motu nui, i reira i taua wa i hanga te pa paoro - Kronshlot. I roto i 1708 ka haere mai te whakahuatia tuatahi o te kikī hanga i runga i Popovski whare rākau o Pita ahau, e karangatia e te kingi "horomtsy". Ko te kupu ka timata te hītori o Peterhof.

Ko te noho mua kaupapa

I roto i te 1710, ki te takahanga tuatahi whakaahua ke ki te papai horomtsev Peterhof whare matatini kua tangohia. parau History tatou e Pita e ahau i muri i tona kaha i Sweden hanga te haerenga ki France. I reira ua haapii e ia te tahora ngingila kāinga noho kingi French - Choisy, Trianon, Versailles. utua ngā aro i ki ngā rongoā hangarau me te mihini o pāka me puna.

I roto i te 1716, ka mea te kingi i te kaihoahoa rongonui o France Aleksandra Leblona, meinga ia te kaihoahoa whānui o te heke mai o Peterhof. E rave rahi o te whakaaro whakaurua i roto i te ora o kaihoahoa Italian - Bartolomeo Karlo Rastrelli, Nikolo Miketti, te rangatira o nga puna - nga Venetian Giuliano ko Giovanni Barattini.

Ko te kitea tuatahi

Mahi i runga i te hanga o Peterhof i ki tere maere, me i August 1725 puritia tona whakatuwheratanga rahi. E tenei wa mahi reira te nuinga o puna, i keria reira Moana Canal, ka whakatakotoria i roto i te papa, i hanga ano hoki whare iti - Marly me Monplaisir.

Honore ki te hanga i te tahora tuatahi i te Peterhof M. G. Zemtsovu - rongonui kaihoahoa Russian. I mua ki taua, i runga i-pae i reira i kore whakaurunga mō kaimahi e hanga ana e ia. Ngā mihi ki te tahora mārama o Peterhof riro e rua take atu - peasants kāwanatanga i hanga whare Artisan mō te marae - Cavaliers.

Tuhi hiri Works, i hanga i roto i te 1725, ko te whare ahumahi tuatahi, i riro Peterhof. E āta hono ana te hītori o tona takenga ki te hanga o tenei faahiahia hoahoanga. Kua te mahi matua o te wheketere kua maminga ki te kohatu, i whakamahia ki te hanga i whare me ngā whare hoahoanga o te pa i mua nei. E tenei wa kua timata kē matou mahi i runga i te hanga o te paipa wai, i ko ki faaamu i te puna Peterhof. timata te hītori o tenei hanganga waipēhi kaha i roto i te moenga awa Ropsha. Ko reira a tona wai ki te whakarato i te wai ki nga puna, me te papa ensemble katoa ko Peterhof.

Ko te hītori o te whare i roto i te rau tau XVII-XVIII.

I roto i te kingitanga o Catherine ahau me Anny Ioannovny i Peterhof hoatu ki mahi whakaaro me te whakapai ake hoahoanga o Pita I., no te kake te torona Elizaveta Petrovna, karangatia ia te tama a te rongonui Carlo Rastrelli, nei i whakamatauria kē ia he kaihoahoa ngingila. arahina Francesco Rastrelli mahi i runga i te hangaia anō o Peterhof. A, no te i faafariuhia reira Upper Whare, whakapaipai Kura kari. Hoki i whakatūria whare Erihāpeti hou, e te pararopi tomo te Peterhof kua taiao.

he puku e pā ana ki tetahi huringa uruhi i roto i te kingitanga o Catherine II History. i iti panoni katoa i roto i tenei wā ki huringa i roto i te whakapaipai roto o whare, me te whakaingoa anō i te tinana Erihāpeti i Catherine.

Na roto i te wa o te rironga ki te torona o Paora ahau, hanganga hoahoanga o Peterhof i hiahia akiaki o te hanga nui, me hūkere o puna tata kahore pānga. ka mau te reira i tau o anō o te papatipu katoa o te matatini whare. i nui e kua te faaho'iraa mai whakamutunga o Peterhof i i te timatanga o te rau tau XIX, ka te torona e noho ana te tama a Paora ahau te hōkai o te mahi - Alexander I.

Peterhof i roto i te rau tau XIX

tēpara, hēti, me te ake - e te timatanga o te rau tau i roto i te tangata waho Peterhof rima tekau whare, me te whānuitanga o ngā whare kore-noho i. whakahau e ahau Alexander ki anō i te whare tino kino. hangaia Kaupapa mō ngā whare hou i V. P. Stasovym me ētahi atu. Puta te whare i mahi rite pa mo te torutoru Tuhinga eke hoiho.

A, no te Nicholas ahau i whakawhānui rohe Peterhof roto i te hoko o te whenua ki te rawhiti o te Lower Park. Mai 1826 hanganga Peterhof kīnaki e rua-papa pahī, i no ki te wahine o Nicholas ahau - Alexandra Fyodorovna. I muri mai i hanga Farm te whare, me te whenua park.

I tohua te rironga o Alexander II i te whakatuwheratanga o te tereina, i hono Petersburg me Peterhof. Ko te hītori o te matatini whare tae noa ki 1917 - he ora ngingila o kotiro ngingila me rangatira, te mau melo o te utuafare kingi me rangatira i roto i St Petersburg.

Peterhof i roto i te rau tau XX

I muri i te revolution, i nationalized te whare, me te papa ensemble katoa. I roto i te 1918, ka mau te haerenga tuatahi wahi i runga i te mahi o ana fare nui. Otiia i whakahaere te faaho'iraa mai oti o te ensemble whakangaromia hoki e pā ana ki 10 tau. Na roto i te 1926, i toe langa nga puna park raro, a na 1930 te whakakapinga o pipelines me puna whakahokia tupuria Upper Garden.

E kore kua te Pakanga nui Patriotic i tohungia e Peterhof. i ngaro te nuinga o nga whakaaturanga ranei i tahaetia, a ka kua waiho hanganga hoahoanga he puranga o te paru. I muri i te whakaoranga o Peterhof i 1944, ka anga tonu mahi hanga, i roa e pā ana ki te 30 nga tau. Anake i roto i te 1973, i whakahokia e te whare, me te papa matatini i ki tona ahua taketake, me mai ka kihai Peterhof tiki ngenge ki te wikitoria i te ngakau o rua mua me tūruhi ke.