Mohs tauine. Ko te pakeke i runga i te tauine Mohs

tauine Mohs - he tauine 10-ira, hangaia e Karl Friedrich Mohs i 1812, e taea ai e koe whakarite i te pakeke o ngā kohuke. Ko te tauine homai he kounga nui atu i te tata ine o te pakeke o te kohatu.

History o hanga

Hei waihanga i tētahi tauine Mohs whakamahia 10 paerewa kohuke - talc, gypsum, konupāhiko, fluorite, apatite, orthoclase, kiripaka, topaha, harariu me taimana. Kohuke whakanohoia ia i roto i te raupapa o te whakanui ake pakeke, tango rite tona tīmatanga te meka e te rapirapi maro kohuke ngawari. Konupāhiko, hei tauira, wahanga gypsum me te konupūmā ki Aotea rāhui fluorite, me enei kohuke kia talc akaaiteia. Mai e whiwhi kohuke te uara hāngai i roto i te tauine Mohs o pakeke: -1 taioma, gypsum - 2, konupāhiko - 3, fluorite - whakakitea 4. atu tūhuratanga e nga kohuke nei pakeke ko raro 6, karaihe Rakuraku, te hunga nei pakeke he ki runga ake i 6 - karaihe raraku . matapihi pakeke i runga i tenei tauine ko e pā ana ki 6.5.

Kōhatu, Kei te tukatuka he pakeke nui ake i te 6, taimana.

Mohs tauine Ko anake he tata taratara o kohuke pakeke. He mehua tika atu - u pūmau.

kohuke Wāhi i roto i te tauine Mohs

E whakaritea kohuke i roto i te tauine i te raupapa o te pakeke. Ko te softest Ko te pakeke 1, Rakuraku ki te matikara, hei tauira, talc (tioka). I tua atu i reira he he torutoru ake kohuke totoka - ulexit, amipere, muscovite. he iti ratou pakeke i runga i te tauine Mohs - e kore e 2. kohuke ngohengohe taua oro, e tauwhāiti ratou whakamahi i roto i te whakapaipai. He whakapaipai kohatu Ataahua ki pakeke iti, a he te tikanga ngāwari. I roto ia ratou he taonga maha hanga.

E ngāwari kohuke ki te pakeke i 3 ki te 5 Rakuraku ki te maripi. Gagate, rhodochrosite, malachite, rhodonite, emerara, maha orohia jade cabochon, pai oro (te nuinga ki te whakamahi o te konutea waikura). e kore e ātete ki te wai enei kohuke.

E tukinotia kohuke Mārō whakapaipai, taimana, rupi, emerara, hapira, topaha me ngā pohū i runga i te mārama, valivalí, te aroaro o poke. rupi Stellate hapira ranei, mo te tauira, e hatepea atu cabochons ki haapapu te kohatu rerekē, kua tapahia momo mārama ovals, porowhita ranei pata, pērā i taimana.

kohatu whakapaipai

kohuke katoa nei pakeke he iti iho i te 7 i runga i te tauine, e whakaaro ngawari, te hunga i runga 7 - pakeke. kohuke Mārō Nireaha ki te tukatuka taimana, te momo o tafa'aki taea, te māramatanga, me te rarity kia pai ratou mo te whakamahi i roto i te whakapaipai.

E tapahia taimana pakeke i runga i te tauine Mohs o 10. Taimana kia taua he iti i roto i te kamaka papatipu te tukatuka o mate. Ko te taimana tukinotia, ka huaina taimana. Nā ki tona pakeke tiketike, me te ātete ki pāmahana teitei, taimana tata tonu.

Ko te pakeke o te harariu, me te hapira paku raro pakeke o te taimana, me te ko 9 i runga i te tauine Mohs. Ko te uara o enei kohatu, me te emerara, i runga i te tae, mārama rānei, me te maha o mea kohakore - te atu mārama te kohatu, tae kaha me te kapiti reira iti, te teitei te utu.

kohatu semiprecious

Paku i raro i te taimana, me te corundum utu topaha me garnets. Ratou pakeke i runga i te tauine Mohs o 7-8 ngā. E pai te tukinotia ēnei kohatu taimana. tei Utu i runga i te tae. Ko te hohonu te tae o te topaha, me te kapakara, ka kia utu reira te atu te utu i te hua. Ko te tino tino taonga e tino onge topaha kōwhai me garnets papura (madzhority). Ko na onge kia teitei ake i taua o te taimana parakore tona utu te kohatu whakamutunga.

Tae tourmalines: māwhero (rubellite), puru (indicolite), matomato (verdelite), merengi tourmaline te tuku ano hoki ki nga kohatu rite āhua-utu nui. Mārama tourmalines kounga teitei kitea i roto i te āhua he tino onge, a reira e te tahi mau taime pyrope atu te utu, me te topaha puru, a mo te merengi (māwhero me matomato) kore kohikohi kohatu e whiwhi ngenge ki te hopu. Ko te pakeke o nga kohatu i runga i te tauine Mohs Ko te tino nui, me te moni ki te 7-7.5 ngā. Ēnei kohatu pai ki te orooro, e kore e huri i te tae, engari ki te kitea he wahi o te whakapaipai ki te tourmaline kanapa mārama - te patunga tūturu o te waimarie.

Ko te momo pango o tourmaline (schorl) e pā ana ki te kohatu whakapaipai. Schorl totoka, engari i te kotahi wā kohatu pakarukaru, e taea ngāwari nei te ngaro i roto i te tukatuka. Ko reira hoki tenei take e tourmaline pango maha hokona kāore. whakaaro Schorl te turua paruru kaha.

tono hangarau

Kei te whānui ngā kohuke me toka ki pakeke tiketike whakamahia i roto i te ahumahi. Hei tauira, ofa'i Mohs pakeke - i te 5 ki te 7, i runga i te nui o Mika reira rānei. Tenei toka pakeke whānui whakamahia i roto i te hanga kia rite ki te rauemi mō te oti.

hapira taekore leicosapphires ranei, i roto i te noa'tu o te pakeke tiketike, me te rarity whanaunga kahore he, i roto i te tono i rei, engari kei te whānui e whakamahia ana i roto i te taiaho me ētahi atu pūrere optical.

tono Practical o te tauine

Ahakoa te meka e te tauine o Mohs pakeke homai he kounga anake, kaua ki te aromatawai ine, Kei te whānui whakamahia te reira i roto i te arowhenua. Mā te whakamahi i te tauine Geology Mohs me mineralogy āhua taea te tautuhi momo unknown i runga i tona susceptibility ki rakuraku ki te maripi he karaihe ranei rānei. Tata ki te katoa puna tohutoro tohu ko te pakeke o ngā kohuke i runga i te tauine Mohs, nui atu i to ratou u pūmau.

I roto i te whakapaipai Kei hoki whakamahia whānuitia Mohs tauine. Ko te pakeke o te kohatu tei runga i te tikanga o ona kōwhiringa maimoatanga mō te resurfacing me nga taputapu e tika ana.

Ētahi atu unahi pakeke

Mohs unahi - e kore te tauine anake o pakeke. He etahi atu unahi e kua hāngai i runga i te kaha o kohuke me ētahi atu rawa ki te pato'ii te deformation. Ko te rongonui tino o ratou - Rockwell. Ko te kuware Rockwell tikanga - Kei te hāngai ki runga ki te ine i te hohonu kătahi o te hohonu indenter o te rauemi. Ka rite ki te matamata taimana indenter te nuinga o te wā e whakamahia ana. E tano ia tapao e varavara kitea nga kohuke ki te ako o te tikanga Rockwell, Kei te nuinga o whakamahia ai mō ngā konganuku me alloys.

Waihoki hangaia unahi pakeke Shore. Shore pakeke o te tikanga e āhei te faaotiraa o rua konganuku me te rauemi atu rapa (rapa, kirihou).