Muka i hanga o pareaku. Production o muka pareaku

production matū - he puna nui o taonga tangata. I muri i te katoa, nga mea katoa i tūemi whare ki kakahu, i mahi, ka whakaputaina i runga i te pūtake o te pūtaiao.

He tūranga motuhake ki te muka matū rerekē, e kitea tono i roto i te maha mara o te pūtaiao, te hangarau me te ahumahi.

Whakarōpū o muka matū

Ka taea te wehea muka tangata-hanga katoa ki ngā rōpū nui e rua.

1. Artificial - ko te hunga e e hāngai ana i runga i te waerau taiao, engari tika kakawaea te whāwhā me te niao puta ki te whai wāhitanga o ngā tikanga physicochemical.
2. Waihanga - muka e he tika i roto i te taiwhanga (ahumahi) tikanga. E hāngai ana ratou i runga i te mua iti pūhui taimaha rāpoi e kua tahuri ki te macromolecules e tauhohe polymerization.

I roto i te tahuri, i hoki horihori me te waihanga muka ratou whakarōpū me tauira. Whakaaroa te tetahi mo te tauira waihanga.

Ka taea te wehea ratou ki ngā rōpū nui e rua. Ko te hanganga tūāpapa o te mekameka waro, me ngā tikanga o te hanga whanaungatanga.

1. Carbochain muka waihanga. hanga te mekameka matua kei te tino ngā ngota waro, tuatihia e tikanga sigma-momo here. Ka taea te pēnei rawa te maha nui o ngā tauira ki tenei rōpū. Hei tauira, polyacrylonitrile, polyethylene, polyvinylchloride, polypropylene, polyvinyl waipiro.
2. Heterochain muka waihanga. Āhuatanga e tae atu waro i roto i te heteroatoms macrochain - hauota, he whanariki, ūkuikui me ētahi atu. Tenei rōpū ngā taua muka: pareaku, polyurethane, polyamide.

Ki te kōrero tatou e pā ana ki te whakamahi o te reira i roto i te ahumahi pueru, te uara whakaahuatia e ngā māngai o rerekē. Ko te kupu, Ko nui atu hāngai mō te kakahu, moenga rinena, tauera, me ētahi atu tūemi rinena whare te muka horihori. Ahakoa i reira he okotahi, ka whakamahia taua papanga i roto i te toi.

muka waihanga matū, i te tahi atu te ringa, nui atu hāngai i roto i te hanga, engineering, ahumahi, nui atu i te kāinga. He āta titiro ki papanga kakawaea rite pareaku i ratou me tono.

Muka i hanga o te pareaku: he tirohanga whānui

Mai i te wāhi matū o te tirohanga, tenei hua - ko te hua o te ngā o te waikawa terephthalic C ₈ H ₆ E ₄ me te ethylene glycol, he waipiro dihydric C ₂ H ₆ E _{2 tenei.} Ka rite ki te hua, hanga he tauhohenga polymerization matatini he tioata mārama ma ranei, he taonga nui - pokey. Ki te rave i te reira o te wera ratou. Ko reira i tenei faaineineraa ngā te hāngai tika muka i te taonga.

Ko te pāmahana rewa o enei rauemi i runga 260 ⁰ C. hanga ratou tino ngāwari ki te whakamahi mō ngā take ahumahi tenei. He he maha o ngā āhuatanga motuhake e nohoia e taua muka.

1. ngangana pareaku waihanga taea e tu rongoā o waikawa, kawakore.
2. e kore e tareka te reira i roto i te wai, ngā whakarewa, āhua organic.
3. He he insulator, te kore te reira i whakaritea whakahaere hiko.
4. hanga kaha ratou, tino roa, me te pono Products.

Te riroraa tino waihanga i roto i te natura, he pai i roto i te maha tikanga mo hangarau me te pueru āhuatanga o te maha weu tangata-i hanga enei ngangana.

tikanga whakaputa

E ai ki te whakaahuatanga i mua kia i roto i pareaku ahumahi waikawa terephthalic. Heoi, ona āhuatanga tinana ahua whakararuraru mo mauritau, me te tere tauhohe polymerization ki ethylene glycol, na e kore e te reira whakamahia i roto i te puka parakore, hei hākawa. Ko tōna ingoa - dimethyl hākawa waikawa terephthalic o te taua ingoa, haapotohia rite DMT.

Na reira, titoa te hanga o te muka pareaku te o te maha kaupae matū karapīpiti:

• piti hāora o te ranunga o ngā hākawa o para-xylene, i.e. faaineineraa o tīmata rauemi;
• hākawatanga, arā, te hanga o te hākawa DMT;
• Māturu me purenga o te hua hua;
• DMT recrystallization ki te whiwhi rauemi parakore.

Rite kia rite ki tenei taonga rite mo te urunga ki roto ki te huringa muri o tauhohe e hua ka riro pareaku (pareaku) kaupapa. E te reira i wahi i roto i te rua ngā wāhanga matua.

1. whiwhi Transesterification DMT ki ethylene glycol. Hua - diglycol me iti ngā pūhui taimaha rāpoi.
2. Polycondensation whiwhi i roto i te taahiraa matamua, ko waenganui i ngā hua. Ko te hua ko te polietilentereftalatat Kaore.

Na ko reira ki runga ki te taha hangarau. haere te taonga kei te roto i te prodavlivaya pūwenu iti motuhake rite, a ko te kupu muka rite. I te meangiti whātioata ratou. Kei te unuhia tukatuka atu i roto i, te purenga me te tae.

ingoa rauemi

E hua whenua rerekē, me te e whakamahia ēnei muka. ka pareaku muka waihanga i roto i ia āhua tona ingoa, na te whai i te rota o taurite. Kia kite tatou he aha e ratou.

1. I roto i Russia - pareaku, polyether, pareaku.
2. I roto i Amerika - takaaku.
3. United Basileia - tereaku.
4. Japan - teteron.
5. France - tergalii.

Heoi, ka rite ki kahore ratou e karangatia e, a ka noho nga āhuatanga te taua, me te tono rawa.

Pareaku Material: Āhuatanga

I roto i te āhuatanga pai matua o takaaku kia ngā taua āhuatanga rite:

• creasing kino;
• ahi resistance;
• resistance marama;
• mauroa;
• kaha me te whenu, whakapati;
• ātete ki te nuinga o ngā whakarewa organic, me te waikawa me kawakore;
• kore o te abrasion;
• e kore e papanga tautoko i te whanaketanga o kaiao ora (harore, nohinohi, huakita, aha);
• pānga resistance;
• ātete ki totoro.

O te akoranga, he huinga o te mahi pai e kore e taea te haere hia. Ko te aha e tino whānui te tono o ngā hua i pareaku, hipoki te nuinga rāngai o te ōhanga.

Heoi, i reira he drawbacks. kia pēnei te ngā whai ki a ia:

• He uaua ki te tae, kia kore e tae taonga, me te kanapa i roto i enei kopa puta;
• tino uira, rite dielectrics ratou;
• ki te tango koe i te tino, e kore tukatuka e tikanga motuhake o te pareaku, ka waiho reira uaua rauemi nui.

Kua whakakorea huakore katoa whakarārangitia ngāwari tāpiritanga o etahi matū i roto i te tukanga whakaputa o te muka. Na reira, uara nui, ratou e kore e whai.

muka tuwhera

Ko te tino nui i roto i te hanga me te engineering tenei momo o te pareaku miro me te whakamahia ki reira. Ahakoa i reira he okotahi. Hei tauira, pērā i hollofayber e kitea whakawhirinaki i roto i te ahumahi pueru.

Kei te whakamahia te muka tuwhera mō te whakangao:

• kaka kōata;
• rauemi hanga;
• mātao waiariki o mea;
• hua irirangi.

E whakamahia ratou rite whiriwhiringa i roto i te maimoatanga puunaha. Hollofayber tika ki ona āhuatanga i roto i te whānui kua roa mamingatanga huruhuru tūturu me iho o te ahumahi pueru. riro ia te momo matua o urunga filler, paraikete, kakahu, me te tahi atu mau mea.

Ball siliconized muka

Ko te hua taketake mo te hanga o ngohengohe te nuinga, taiao-ratarata me kore-allergenic moenga tenei. E whakamahia taua muka rite taima noa mō ahu taoto me urunga.

He aha te whakamahi ia ratou? he tika ki te āhuatanga hangarau pai tenei.

1. Kaua e mimiti makuku.
2. Manahau me te rapa.
3. Nireaha ki te horoi mīhini, ohie, me te ngāwari ki te mau tonu me te whakamahi i.
4. E ratou kahore kakara.
5. Kaua e meinga mate pāwera.
6. He mahuinga ia mo te whanaketanga o microorganisms ratou.

homai tenei katoa te muka Pareaku towball rite te taonga filler, moenga, me te kakahu painga mārama i runga i te taiao tūturu "ritenga": iho, puhi.

Ko te ngoikoretanga Ko te ora poto whakaritea ki ngā rauemi māori. Heoi, ko te utu o taua hua i roto i te tikanga i raro nei.

muka tēpara

I roto i te muka pareaku noho te motuhake wahi he rerekētanga pērā ona, rite te miro tino. Ko to ratou whakato hua muka waihanga ki te whānuitanga nui ake i ētahi atu. Ko e tika ana ki te meka e te whakamahia he hua taua mo te hanga i te miro ano, a ka te rauemi mo te kakahu, papanga, me te pera i runga i tenei.

E mea pinepine i huaina reira muka tino kai i hanga i te huinga tahi o te wūru miro-pareaku ranei. hanga ana tēnei symbiosis reira taea ki te farii i te momo e whai ake nei o ngā rauemi:

• kākahu;
• koti;
• miro;
• o hate;
• pihi;
• kākahu;
• ua;
• whāriki;
• huruhuru.

Oia mau, e taea te tuia ka hanga o taua wāhanga etahi hua.

miro Hangarau o pareaku

E whakamahia ana ēnei muka ki te hanga i nga momo e whai ake nei o ngā hua:

• hī kupenga me trawls;
• taura me taura;
• ngongo mō ngā hua hinu;
• kānawehi;
• nekeneke;
• whitiki nohoanga me whitiki puku;
• taura mauiui;
• mātao me te ngāwhā filtration rauemi.

taea taua ngangana te pēnei kōrero i runga te muka tuwhera.

Production o ngā rauemi pareaku

He aha ētahi atu hua e taea te hanga i te pareaku? Ko te hiranga motuhake o taua rauemi, e kua whakamahia rite te filler, kua matou whakaahuatia kua runga ake. e hiahia ana Just ki te tāpiri taua hollofayber whakarato te urunga rawa ngohengohe me te hāneanea me te mahana, me te paraikete marama. te muka pareaku i roto i te mahi pueru he koha noa me nga tau i runga i te uara teitei me ngau teitei.

whakamahia hoki pareaku mo te whai ake ngā momo o papanga :

• taffeta;
• mingo;
• knitwear;
• crimplene;
• Mel.

O ratou i hanga kakahu, tulle me pihi, huanga momona, me te pera i runga i.

Ko tētahi atu momo o te mahi a te tangata mahi, e kua whakamahia pareaku - he pokanga. whakaaro Medicine te taea o te whakaputa oko toto tāwhaiwhai me te kakawaea hāparapara o pareaku. Tenei, o te akoranga, whakahaere maha ngā mahi te ora-whakaora.

Reviews o ngā hua, me tenei muka

Hoatu e, i roto i te tua ki te āhuatanga pai, whai tonu rauemi e hāngai ana pareaku-huakore, e kore te iwi katoa e makona ki te hua. A, no te haere mai te reira ki tono hanga, i reira e taea kia kore tautohe: takaaku - te rangatira. Heoi, korero o hua pueru me kakahu, kia tuhia ai me ngā rerekētanga. whakaaro tōraro wā hoki e tango muka pareaku. hāngai Reviews o tenei ahua e runga i nga tōnounou o te kikokiko ake - te uira, me te iti te ora.

Otiia, ahu te nuinga o te iwi ki te whakaaro o te pareaku tetahi o nga rauemi hou tino hāneanea, ataahua, me te tiketike-kounga. Na reira, kakahu, tūemi whare me te moenga i hanga i enei rauemi anake hei rongonui i runga i nga tau.

Ki te titiro koe i arotake o urunga, me paraikete ki runga ki te pūtake o te pareaku, ka tonu kia pai te nuinga o ratou nui, e te mea tino tika, me te ataahua.