Wae Phraseological: definition

Kīwaha, kupu, whakatauki me kupu kėia he awa nui i roto i tetahi reo, whakawhetai ki nei riro te reira taonga me te anaanaraa. Kore, kua karangatia e ratou wae phraseological. He aha te mea te reira me aha e ratou, whakaaro tatou i roto i tenei tuhinga.

whakamāramatanga

Ako tirohia te kupu whai wāhi faahitiraa parau. wae Phraseological - he eu faaiteraa rerenga i roto i te reo nei tikanga he mārama ki te katoa o ona kawe. Faaauhia ki tenei ariā ko frazema kupu, kïwaha.

mahi

kia mahi wae Phraseological nga mahi o ngā wāhanga rerekē o te kupu. Hei tauira, kia waiho ai:

• noun (pani i Kazan, he kuri i roto i te kararehe);
• kupumahi (twiddle, ora i te reira, kia inu i mua i te tarakona matomato);
• kupu āhua (inu insole);
• tūkē (tupou rawa pakeke).

Ka rite ki tetahi āhuatanga reo, i o ratou tohu frazemy.

1. Reproducibility. E whakaatu ana tēnei āhuatanga e he maheni ki te nuinga o te reo kaikōrero kōwae phraseological, a e kore e whakaaroa reira faahou i ia wa. Hei tauira, te "mangere" tikanga "takirimatia a tawhio noa".
2. tapatahi pū, tautuhia nei te rite oti te kanohi ranei wāhanga ö o te kupu kīanga. Hei tauira, te parau "kai te kuri i te reira" te tikanga "tauira", a kihai te meka kainga kuri te tangata.
3. Razdelnooformlennost uhinga a te aroaro o e rua, neke atu rānei ngā kupu i roto i te parau e te mea kua reira he tikanga rerekē.
4. Pūmautanga - he tohu tohu te taea impossibility ranei o te huri i te hanganga wāhanga e tikanga o whakaiti, roha whakakapinga o ona kupu wāhanga ranei. Ka taea te puta ke kōwae phraseological ahua whakamahi:

• kupu, ka whakakapia tetahi kupu e tetahi;
• wetereo, ina he kaupapa ki huringa wetereo, kahore te huri i te tikanga te faaiteraa;
• Ine ka huringa phraseologism tika ki roha hukihuki o ngā wāhanga ranei;
• tūranga i reira e taui i te wāhanga.

Arotake o te whakarōpū

tamata whakarōpū wae phraseological maha wetereo, a he rerekē huarahi. okioki etahi i runga i wetereo me te hanganga, te tahi atu - i runga i te kāhua, te tuatoru - i runga i te tikanga me te kaupapa. Ia whakarōpū he tika ki te tīariari, me i raro titiro tatou ki te nui tino.

• Ko te whakarōpū tuatahi o ngā waeine phraseological patua ana L. P. Smit, i roto i nei i piri te muri i roto i ngā rōpū rite ki o ratou kaupapa. Hei tauira, "mahi a te tangata", "ari tūturu." Ko te drawback matua o tenei typology - te waiho i te paearu reo.
• Rerekē tona mua, i whakawhanakehia te parau tumu reo e V. V. Vinogradovym whakarōpū. whakaarohia e ia momo kua wehea wae faahitiraa parau rite ki te hononga pū - kotahitanga, me ngā tui.
• patua ana N. M. Shansky, anake o faahitiraa parau, ki te tohatoha i te whakarōpū motuhake mo te kīanga (kupu, whakatauki me kupu).
• Te whakarōpū whakaarohia e A. I. Smirnitskim, e hāngai ana i runga i te parau tumu hanganga, me te wetereo.
• Ko te pūtake o te whakarōpū o N. N. Amosovoy kiia uara o ngā waeine phraseological me ratou tātaritanga o te horopaki.
• haere mai S. G. Gavrin ki te whakarōpū i ratou pōauautanga mahi, me te pū.
• tāpiri A. V. Kunin whakarōpū vv Vinogradov.

Classification vv Vinogradov

I roto i te kotahitanga o te kupu (wae phraseological) hāngai ki ona kaipōti, e ko, i te mea mārama te runga ake reira te mea kei i tĭtĭ. Hei tauira, wahia te here - he roa te wa ki te mahi i etahi mahi.

Tui - e kore e uara hāngai ki ona wāhanga whakatu. Hei tauira, te "mangere" - mahi tetahi mea. I roto i te tahi mau adhesions he kupu e kua ngaro te tikanga taketake i roto i te reo Russian hou te kore whakamahia. Hei tauira, te koromatua - kapia e kua whakamahia i roto i whakakakahuria o koko rakau.

Ko te tikanga o te ngā phraseological hanga ake o ngā wāhanga, tetahi o nei he mahi here, i roto i nei ngā tetahi o nga wae o wae phraseological te ki nga kupu anake, engari ngā ki ētahi atu. Hei tauira, ka taea e koe te mea "e wehi", "te oto e" te tikanga "whakamataku" ranei "pouri", engari e kore e taea te mea e "e pai" i roto i te tikanga o "ngahau."

Classification A. I. Smirnitskogo

wehea tenei whakarōpū te kīwaha ki kīwaha, tūmahi phrasal me ngā waeine phraseological tika. Rua i wehea te mua, me te muri ki te 2 ngā rōpū, e, i roto i te tahuri, roherohea ki iti-rōpū:

he) unimodal:

• kupumahi-adverbial (puwhenua te);
• tūmahi ōrite, pata pū i te te wāhanga tuarua (hanga ngāwari reira me ohie);
• substantival prepositional adverbs ōrite ranei predicative (teina i roto i te hinengaro);

b) e rua, me te MNV:

• attributive-substantival ōrite nei - noun (hoiho pouri, Cardinal hina);
• kupumahi-lalahi, e he ōrite - he kupumahi (ki te korero);
• tāruarua - ritenga o adverbs.
• adverbial MNV.

Whakarōpū o N. N. Amosovoy

I roto i te typology o N. N. Amosovoy waeine phraseological e wehea ki kīwaha me frazemy, te huarahi ki te whakarōpū hāngai nei i runga i te tātaritanga o te horopaki. E pā ana Analysis ki te huinga o nga kupu semantically whakatinana ki te iti taupū. Ka taea e te horopaki taua kia tamau tāupe ranei. I taupū horopaki tamau i te iti rawa tamau me te anake nga uara ka taea mō te kupu semantically whakatinana. Hei tauira, he "teka ma", "haere i roto i te reo Ingarihi."

A, no te tonu te taua he tāupe i roto i te horopaki o te kupu e taea taupū iti rerekē, engari te tikanga. Hei tauira, ki te kupu "pouri" pea te kupu "hoiho" me "tangata" - ". Ngaro, huna" "hoiho pouri", "te tangata pouri" ki te tikanga o

horopaki tamau kïwaha wehea ki frazemy me kīwaha.

Classification SG Gavrina

kīwaha S. G. Gavrin whakarōpūtia e te pōauautanga mahi-pū. Ko te kupu, ngā ona wae whakarōpū faahitiraa parau ngā pūmau, me te variably-pūmau o kupu. hāngai Studies SG Gavrina i faahitiraa parau i runga i nga mahi o vv Vinogradov ko N. M. Shanskogo me tonu te whanaketanga o te momo 4 o ngā waeine phraseological.

Classification A. V. Kunina

Whakarōpū o ngā waeine phraseological, arā, A. V. Kuninym, kīnaki te whakarōpū vv Vinogradov. Tuhinga reira o kīwaha:

1. Unimodal kotahi tino me e rua, neke atu rānei tohu neznamenatelnyh.
2. Hanganga he kīanga subordinative tahi ranei.
3. Ki te hanganga wāhanga predicative.
4. Ki te infinitive kupumahi, i roto i te reo hāngū ranei.
5. Ki te hanga o te rerenga kōrero ngāwari matatini ranei.

Mai i te wāhi o te tirohanga o semantics A. V. Kunin tuwhatuwhaia te kīwaha runga ake ki wha rōpū:

• he wae e ko, e tohu ana i te kaupapa, te āhuatanga - e huaina ratou nominative; tenei rōpū ngā 1, 2, 3 me te 5 momo faahitiraa parau anake matatini;
• kahore uara kaupapa-arorau, te faaite kare - taua frazemy i huaina mezhdometnyh me te puoro;
• te hanganga o te tono, e te hunga kua huaina kōrerorero - tenei rōpū ngā whakatauki, kupu, me ngā kīanga hao;
• Rōpū 4 pā ki te nominative-kōrerorero.

Rauemi kīanga i roto i te reo Russian

wae Phraseological o te reo Russian taea e:

• primordially Russian;
• tono.

Ko te takenga mai o te Russian onamata hono ki te ora, mita me ngā mahi ngaio.

Tauira faahitiraa parau:

• whare - e kore te tuitui, whakairi ake tou ihu, tango i te tere;
• reo - tūnga tihi, paowa ioka;
• ngaio - ki te tapahia wōnati (kamura), wahia i te gimp (raranga), te tākaro i te wairingi tuatahi (kaiwhakatangitangi).

haere mai tono wae phraseological i roto i te reo Rusia i Old Slavonic, ngā pūrākau puāwaitanga, me ētahi atu reo.

Tauira tarahu o:

• Old Slavonic - te hua tapuí, aredovy kamo, wai pouri i roto i te kapua;
• ngā kōrero puāwaitanga - te hoari o Damoclès, paraoa Tantalus, pouaka o te Pandora, he wheua o te totohe, totohu ki te warewaretanga;
• ētahi atu reo - bluestocking (English), i runga i te tauine nui (Tiamana), e kore e noho humarie ana (te reo French).

e kore e ratou uara hāngai tonu ki te uara o ratou kupu Pākēha, me te tahi mau taime e titau te rota o te matauranga, i roto i te tua ki he mahara ki te tikanga o te tohu.

kīanga phraseological

kīanga Phraseological me ngā waeine reo i roto i te noa, ko te e he ratou faaiteraa pūmau, a taea te ngāwari tāruatia te kaikōrero. Otiia i roto i nga wāhanga tuatahi o te kīanga kia whakamahia ai takitahi me hei wāhanga o ētahi atu kīanga. Hei tauira, i roto i nga faaiteraa "o reanga katoa taea aroha", "te haonga roa", "rarawe me te tauhokohoko" taea te mahi motuhake kupu katoa.

E tano ia tapao e kore katoa wetereo ako wae phraseological ki te wāhanga, whakaaro reira taea ki te whakauru ia ratou i roto i te pukapuka kupu tūruhi.

Kupu - he faaiteraa tono i tuhinga, pikitia, whare tapere, me te tahi atu mau huru o te toi-waha. Kei te maha whakamahia ratou i roto i te kupu hou i roto i rua waha me i tuhituhi. Hei tauira, "e kore e matakitaki ana haora hari," "te aroha mō ngā reanga katoa."

Proverbs me kupu - faaiteraa wāhi e whai āhuatanga o haapiiraa a taea te tono i roto i te whānuitanga o ngā horopaki. I roto i te rerekē ki te whakapuaki rongonui, e kore e te kaituhi ratou, rite hanga e te iwi mō ngā rau tau maha, me te haere i te mangai ki te mangai, ka kua ora ratou ahua tuatahi. Hei tauira, te "heihei i mua i e paopao ratou" te tikanga e i runga i te hua o te take e taea te whakawakia i runga i tona otinga.

I roto i te rerekē ki te whakatauki - taipe, faaiteraa ¬e. Hei tauira, ka mea "A, no te te mate pukupuku i Maunga whio" te tikanga he pea ki te kia hanga tetahi mahi.

Proverbs me kupu - he whakaata oraora o te uara me te whanaketanga wairua o te iwi. Na roto ratou ngāwari ki te aroturuki i te mea te iwi rite, ka whakaaetia o, me e - e kore. Hei tauira, "Ngāwari me kore ianei e hutia te ika i roto i o te hāroto", "whāngai Reipa tangata me te mangere - taonga", korero e pā ana ki te faufaa o te mahi.

ngā whanaketanga

O te katoa e tino haria ki huringa i roto i te kupu te kāwai o te reo, no te mea te mea he whakaata tika o te huringa tango wahi i roto i te hapori.

I teie mahana, te faaruru i te hanganga wetereo o te reo Russian he neological kotokoto. Te aha?

Ko te take tuatahi - pāpori, ōhanga, tōrangapū me te wairua huringa i roto i Russia i te 90. Ko te tuarua - te pāpāho me te mahi Ipurangi, i arahina ki te haere noa o korero, me te tokomaha nui o te tarahuraa ke-reo. Ko te tuatoru - te whanaketanga tere o hangarau e whai wāhi ana ki te putanga o te kōrero hou, me te kupu. e kore e taea e tenei āhuatanga pā te tikanga o kupu - ngaro ratou rānei ratou tikanga taketake, ranei te whiwhi ki tetahi. whakawhänui hoki nga rohe o te reo tuhituhi - he reira inaianei tuwhera mō te kōrero, kīwaha, kupu piua me wae phraseological. A paraparau o te muri, kia tuhia te reira e kore ko te āhuatanga o Contemporary Kīwaha te tikanga o kupu me ratou huinga. Hei tauira, te "mākete mohoao", "therapy ru", "tata ki waho", "pūeru hauhautanga", "break arumoni".

whakamātautau Mini

Na inaianei whakahere matou ki a koe whakamātau i tō mōhiotanga,. He aha te mahi i enei kīwaha:

• ta'iri'iri;
• ngau toku arero;
• ringa katoa i runga i;
• rere tupou;
• hau i runga i te ngutu;
• e kite kanohi;
• tatau i te tangihanga o;
• takahuri i roto i te reo;
• korero i te teka ki nga pouaka e toru.

Tirohia te whakautu tika. Te uara (i roto i te raupapa):

• e hiahia ana ahau ki te moe;
• puku;
• he tangata etahi mea tahuri atu ngāwari me nehenehe;
• rere rawa nohopuku;
• mahara te tahi mea nui;
• e kore e taea e te iwi i te maha nui o te tahi mau mea whiriwhiri tetahi noa mea;
• dawdle;
• e hiahia ana te iwi ki te mahara te tahi mea pai-mōhiotia, engari e kore e taea e;
• fafau ranei takoto.